土建类的外文翻译文件Word下载.docx
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BritishStandard
ThepreparationofthisBritishStandardwasentrustedbytheCivil
EngineeringandBuildingStructuresStandardsPolicyCommittee（CSB/-）
toTechnicalCommitteeCSB/30uponwhichthefollowingbodieswere
represented:
AssociationofConsultingEngineers
AssociationofCountyCouncils
BritishConstructionalSteelworkAssociation
BritishPrecastConcreteFederationLtd.
BritishRailwaysBoard
BritishSteelIndustry
CementandConcreteAssociation
ConcreteSociety
ConstructionalSteelResearchandDevelopmentOrganisation
DepartmentoftheEnvironment（BuildingResearchEstablishment）
DepartmentoftheEnvironment（TransportandRoadResearchLaboratory）
DepartmentofTransport
FederationofCivilEngineeringContractors
GreaterLondonCouncil
InstitutionofCivilEngineers
InstitutionofHighwaysandTransportation
InstitutionofStructuralEngineers
LondonTransportExecutive
MinistryofDefence
SandandGravelAssociationLimited
ScottishDevelopmentDepartment
WeldingInstitute
Thefollowingwasalsorepresentedinthedraftingofthestandard,through
subcommitteesandpanels:
Cooptedmember
Amendmentsissuedsincepublication
Amd.No.DateofissueComments
Contents
Committeesresponsible
Foreword
Page
Insidefrontcover
x
1
2
Scope
Definitionsandsymbols
2.1.1General
2.1.2Partialloadfactors
2.1.3Materials
2.2
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
Symbols
Limitstatephilosophy
General
Serviceabilitylimitstate
Ultimatelimitstate
Design:
general
Limitstaterequirements
5
4.1.1Serviceabilitylimitstates
4.1.1.1Cracking
4.1.1.2Vibration
4.1.1.3Stresslimitations
4.1.2Ultimatelimitstates
4.1.2.1Ruptureorinstability
4.1.2.2Vibration
4.1.3Otherconsiderations
4.1.3.1Deflections
4.1.3.2Fatigue
4.1.3.3Durability
6
8
4.2
Loads,loadcombinationsandpartialfactors¾
fLand¾
f3
4.2.1Loads
4.2.2Serviceabilitylimitstate
4.2.3Ultimatelimitstate
4.2.4Deflection
9
4.3
Propertiesofmaterials
4.3.1General
4.3.2Materialproperties
4.3.2.1Concrete
4.3.2.2Reinforcementandprestressingsteel
4.3.3Valuesof¾
m
4.3.3.1General
4.3.3.2Serviceabilitylimitstate
4.3.3.3Ultimatelimitstate
4.3.3.4Fatigue
10
4.4
Analysisofstructure
4.4.1General
4.4.2Analysisforserviceabilitylimitstate
4.4.2.1General
4.4.2.2Methodsofanalysisandtheirrequirements
4.4.3Analysisforultimatelimitstate
11
i
ii
4.4.3.1General
4.4.3.2Methodsofanalysisandtheirrequirements
4.5Analysisofsection
4.5.1Serviceabilitylimitstate
4.5.2Ultimatelimitstate
4.6Deflection
4.7Fatigue
4.8Combinedglobalandlocaleffects
4.8.1General
4.8.2Analysisofstructure
4.8.3Analysisofsection
5Designanddetailing:
reinforcedconcrete
5.1General
5.1.1Introduction
5.1.2Limitstatedesignofreinforcedconcrete
5.1.2.1Basisofdesign
5.1.2.2Durability
5.1.2.3Otherlimitstatesandconsiderations
5.1.3Loads
5.1.4Strengthofmaterials
5.1.4.1Definitionofstrengths
5.1.4.2Characteristicstrengthofconcrete
5.1.4.3Characteristicstrengthofreinforcement
5.2Structuresandstructuralframes
5.2.1Analysisofstructures
5.2.2Redistributionofmoments
5.3Beams
5.3.1General
5.3.1.1Effectivespan
5.3.1.2Effectivewidthofflangedbeams
5.3.1.3Slendernesslimitsforbeams
5.3.2Resistancemomentofbeams
5.3.2.1Analysisofsections
5.3.2.2Designcharts
5.3.2.3Designformulae
5.3.3Shearresistanceofbeams
5.3.3.1Shearstress
5.3.3.2Shearreinforcement
5.3.3.3Enhancedshearstrengthofsectionsclosetosupports
5.3.3.4Bottomloadedbeams
5.3.4Torsion
5.3.4.1General
5.3.4.2Torsionlesssystems
5.3.4.3Stressesandreinforcement
5.3.4.4Treatmentofvariouscrosssections
5.3.4.5Detailing
5.3.5Longitudinalshear
5.3.6Deflectioninbeams
5.3.7Crackcontrolinbeams
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
5.4
Slabs
5.4.1Momentsandshearforcesinslabs
5.4.2Resistancemomentsofslabs
5.4.3Resistancetoin-planeforces
5.4.4Shearresistanceofslabs
5.4.4.1Shearstressinsolidslabs:
5.4.4.2Shearstressesinsolidslabsunderconcentratedloads
（includingwheelloads）
5.4.4.3Shearinvoidedslabs
5.4.5Deflectionofslabs
5.4.6Crackcontrolinslabs
24
5.5
Columns
5.5.1General
5.5.1.1Definitions
5.5.1.2Effectiveheightofacolumn
5.5.1.3Slendernesslimitsforcolumns
5.5.1.4Assessmentofstrength
5.5.2Momentsandforcesincolumns
5.5.3Shortcolumnssubjecttoaxialloadandbendingaboutthe
minoraxis
5.5.3.1General
5.5.3.2Analysisofsections
5.5.3.3Designchartsforrectangularandcircularcolumns
5.5.3.4Designformulaeforrectangularcolumns
5.5.3.5Simplifieddesignformulaeforrectangularcolumns
5.5.4Shortcolumnssubjecttoaxialloadandeitherbendingabout
themajoraxisorbiaxialbending
5.5.5Slendercolumns
5.5.5.1General
5.5.5.2Slendercolumnsbentaboutaminoraxis
5.5.5.3Slendercolumnsbentaboutamajoraxis
5.5.5.4Slendercolumnsbentaboutbothaxes
5.5.6Shearresistanceofcolumns
5.5.7Crackcontrolincolumns
25
27
28
29
5.6
Reinforcedconcretewalls
5.6.1General
5.6.1.1Definition
5.6.1.2Limitstoslenderness
5.6.2Forcesandmomentsinreinforcedconcretewalls
5.6.3Shortreinforcedwallsresistingmomentsandaxialforces
5.6.4Slenderreinforcedwalls
5.6.5Shearresistanceofreinforcedwalls
5.6.6Deflectionofreinforcedwalls
5.6.7Crackcontrolinreinforcedwalls
30
5.7
Bases
5.7.1General
5.7.2Momentsandforcesinbases
5.7.3Designofbases
5.7.3.1Resistancetobending
31
iii
iv
5.7.3.2Shear
5.7.3.3Bondandanchorage
5.7.4Deflectionofbases
5.7.5Crackcontrolinbases
5.8Considerationsaffectingdesigndetails
5.8.1Constructionaldetails
5.8.1.1Sizesofmembers
5.8.1.2Accuracyofpositionofreinforcement
5.8.1.3Constructionjoints
5.8.1.4Movementjoints
5.8.2Concretecovertoreinforcement
5.8.3Reinforcement:
generalconsiderations
5.8.3.1Groupsofbars
5.8.3.2Barscheduledimensions
5.8.4Minimumareasofreinforcementinmembers
5.8.4.1Minimumareaofmainreinforcement
5.8.4.2Minimumareaofsecondaryreinforcement
5.8.4.3Minimumareaoflinks
5.8.5Maximumareasofreinforcementinmembers
5.8.6Bondanchorageandbearing
5.8.6.1Geometricalclassificationofdeformedbars
5.8.6.2Localbond
5.8.6.3Anchoragebond
5.8.6.4Effectiveperimeterofabarorgroupofbars
5.8.6.5Anchorageoflinks
5.8.6.6Lapsandjoints
5.8.6.7Laplengths
5.8.6.8Hooksandbends
5.8.6.9Bearingstressinsidebends
5.8.7Curtailmentandanchorageofreinforcement
5.8.8Spacingofreinforcement
5.8.8.1Minimumdistancebetweenbars
5.8.8.2Maximumdistancebetweenbarsintension
5.8.9Shrinkageandtemperaturereinforcement
5.8.10Arrangementofreinforcementinskewslabs
5.8.10.1General
5.8.10.2Solidslabs
5.8.10.3Voidedslabs
5.8.10.4Solidcompositeslabs
5.9Additionalconsiderationsintheuseoflightweight
aggregateconcrete
5.9.1General
5.9.2Durability
5.9.3Characteristicstrength
5.9.4Shearresistanceofbeams
5.9.5Torsionalresistanceofslabs
5.9.6Deflectionofbeams
5.9.7Shearresistanceofslabs
5.9.8Deflectionofslabs
32
33
35
36
37
38
39
40
5.9.9Columns
5.9.9.1General
5.9.9.2Shortcolumns
5.9.9.3Slendercolumns
5.9.10Localbond,anchoragebondandlaps
5.9.11Bearingstressinsidebends
41
6.1
Designanddetailing:
prestressedconcrete
6.1.1Introduction
6.1.2Limitstatedesignofprestressedconcrete
6.1.2.1Basisofdesign
6.1.2.2Durability
6.1.2.3Otherlimitstatesandconsiderations
6.1.3Loads
6.1.4Strengthofmaterials
6.1.4.1Definitionofstrengths
6.1.4.2Characteristicstrengthofconcrete
6.1.4.3Characteristicstrengthofprestressingtendons
6.2
Structuresandstructuralframes
42
6.2.1Analysisofstructures
6.2.2Redistributionofmoments
6.3
Beams
6.3.1General
6.3.1.1Definitions
6.3.1.2Slenderbeams
6.3.2Serviceabilitylimitstate:
flexure
6.3.2.1Sectionanalysis
6.3.2.2Concretecompressiv
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