阅读理解主旨题中考英语复习Word格式.docx
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Thepassageismainlyabout_________.
Themain/generalideais_________.
What’sthetopic/mainideaofthepassage?
Whatismainlydiscussedinthetext?
Wecanmakeaconclusionfromthepassagethat_________.
3.标题类试题
Thebesttitleforthispassageis_________.
Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthispassage?
四、解题技巧
1.定位主题句：
根据前文所提到的主题搜索原则，在全篇范围内，确实文章主题句。
开门见山：
提出主题---细节支撑阐明主题；
段末点睛：
细节描述---归纳要点---概括主题
；
段中点旨：
细节描述---归纳主题---进一步解释
无主题句：
考生需根据文章中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括和总结文章的大意，寻找主题句的方法。
2.抓核心词：
在主题句中，找出文章核心词。
通常，根据核心词就可以排除那些偏离主题的错误选项。
3.甄别选项：
一般来说，核心词一般位于主句或是宾语位置的选项往往保留。
特别要指出的是，如果选项中都包含核心词，往往需要通过第二核心词来辅助进行辨识。
三点剖析
一、考点：
主旨大意题主要考查学生在理解全文的基础上对文章内容进行归纳、概括和总结的能力。
根据其考查范围，可以分为段落大意题、全文大意题、最佳标题。
总体难度级别：
较难。
主旨大意题占中考试题中约阅读理解题的比例为5%-10%。
二、补充点：
主旨大意题的常考点：
1.段首、段尾句常考：
段首、段尾句一般表达了文章的中心思想，或者就是该段的主题句，对全文或全段起着提纲挈领的作用。
2.语义转折处常考：
尤其是段首的语义转折，其后面往往是作者真实的写作目的或基本观点，即文章的中心思想所在。
3.因果句常考：
因果句通常可以表现出作者的意图、观点甚至全文的主题，因此成为考点。
题模精讲
题模一段落主旨题
例1.1、
Thechangeinrulesshouldbetakenasachancetodrawspecialattentiontoskilldevelopmentinanenvironmentfreeofdanger.Itmayalsocontrolthelossofthousandsofyoungplayerswhodon’tenjoythatenvironment.（P2）
1.WhatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinParagraph2?
A、
Thesafewaysofcontrollingtheloss.
B、
Thestepsofdrawingspecialattention.
C、
Thepossibleresultsofchangingtherules.
D、
Themethodsofimprovingtheenvironment.
题模二篇章主旨题
例2.1、
…Youshouldnotexpecttobeabletoreadadifficultsciencepassagethesamewayyoureadaninterestingstory;
...Instead,youmayhavetoreaditseveraltimesthrough,catchingonthemeaningofdifficultwords,goingbackoverdifficultsentences,andfinallyputtingthewholethingtogether…（P1）
Thesearethestepstofollowwhenyouarereadingsomethingdifficult:
（P2）
…Itisreallyjustthenormalwaygoodreadersunderstandanythingthatisdifficulttoread….（末段）
1.Thepassageismainlyabout_________.
stepsofstudyingscience
difficultiesinreadingscience
researchesonscienceandEnglish
waysofreadingsciencepassages
题模三最佳标题
例3.1、
Manyofusdon’tpaymuchattentiontotheimportanceofeyecare.…
Thereareseveralcausesleadingtopooreyesightlikenotenoughfood,genes（基因）andaging（老化）.Televisions,computersandreadingarealsothecausesofhavingpooreyesight.Ifyouhappentoworkinfrontofthecomputer,….
Eatinghealthyfoodswilldogoodtoyoureyesight.….
Allabovearenaturalwaysofeyecarethathelpuskeephealthyeyes.…Inaword,eyecareisveryimportant,nomatterhowoldapersonis.
1.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?
WaysofBeingHappy
WaysofEyeExercises
WaysofBeingHealthy
WaysofEyeCare
随堂练习
随练1.1、
Howgreenareyou?
Doyoucareaboutprotectingtheenvironmentandsavingenergy?
Weallneedahealthyenvironment,butweproducewasteeverydayanditdoesharmtoourenvironment.Thoughweareyoung,wecanstilldosomethingtohelp.Infact,eventhesimplesteverydayactivitiescanmakearealdifferencetotheenvironment.Herearesomeideasforyou.Rememberthesethreewords:
Reduce,reuseandrecycle.
REDUCE
Reducemeans“useless.”Don’twastethings.Thissavesmoneyandreducespollutionandwastegoingintotheenvironment.Beforewebuysomethingnew,thinkwhetheritisreallynecessary---ormaybetheoldonewillbejustasgood!
Whenwedobuythings,chooselocalproducesifpossible,andtrynottobuytoomanythingsfromabroad.Itmaycostalotofmoneytobringthemtous.
REUSE
Reusemeans“useagain.”Usethingsforaslongaspossible.Whenwebuythings,makesurethattheylastalongtime.Weshouldlookafterthemsothattheywilllast,andweshouldrepairthemifwecaninsteadofthrowingthemawayandbuyingnewones.Don’tuseapapercuporapaperbag.It’sbettertouseachinacupandalunchboxbecauseyoucanusethemagain.
RECYCLE
Recyclemeans“changethingsintosomethingelse.”Althoughittakesenergytochangesomethingintosomethingelse,it’sbetterthanthrowingthingsawayorburningthem.Findoutwhatcanberecycledinyourneighbourhoodandtakepartinrecyclingprogrammes.Weshouldalsobuyproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials,suchasrecycledpaper,tohelpsavetrees.
Sopleaserememberthesethreewords:
reduce,reuseandrecycle.
1.Whatisthepassageabout?
A．Howtoproducethings
B．Howtoburnthings
C．Howtohelpothers
D．Howtobegreen
2.Whichofthefollowingisright?
A．Don’twastethings
B．Alwaysthrowawayoldthings
C．Alwaysbuynewthings
D．Buytoomanythingsfromabroad
3.Whyisbettertouseachinacupandalunchbox?
A．Youcanburnthem
B．Youcanusethemagain
C．Youcanthrowthemaway
D．Youcanchangethemintosomethingelse
4.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshouldrememberthesethreewords:
_________.
A．waste,reuseandrecycle
B．repair,burnandrecycle
C．reduce,reuseandrecycle
D．reduce,wasteandrecycle
5.Thepassagemaycomefrom_________.
A．amenu
B．adictionary
C．astorybook
D．amagazine
随练1.2、
Whenthisstoryhappened,theywereworkingaroundaverylargehouse.Theirjobwastodothecleaning.Itwasnotadifficultjob,butsometimesitwasalittledangerous,becausetheyhadtowalkbelowwhereworkmenwereworking.Oftentheseworkmendroppedsomethingfromthetopofthehousemanymetershightotheground.
OnemorningJoewasworkingnearthehousewithacigarettebehindoneofhisears.Suddenlysomebodyonthetopshouted,“Lookout!
”ButJoedidnot"
lookout”.Helookedup.Andashedidso,alongknifemissedJoe’shead,butitcutoffoneofhisears.Atonceheputhishandtoonesideofhisheadandcriedout,“I’velostanear.Help!
Help!
”
Jeffranuptohelphisfriend.“Lookformyear,”Joetoldhim.“Itmustbeonthegroundsomewhere.”Jefflookedeverywhereforthemissingear.Atlasthefoundanearontheground.HepickeditupandcarriedittoJoe.“Hereyouare,”hesaid,“I’vefoundit.”Joelookedatit.“No,that’snotmyear.”hesaid,“Minehadacigarettebehindit.”
1.WhatwereJoeandJeff?
A．Soldiers.
B．Drivers.
C．Farmers.
D．leaners.
2.HowdidJoelosehisear?
A．Hecutitoffbyhimself.
B．Jeffcutitoffwithaknife.
C．A．fallingknifecutitoff.
D．A．cigaretteburneditup.
3.Fromthepassage,weknowJoewasnot_________.
A．strong
B．kind
C．foolish
D．clever
4.Whichisthemostpossibletitleforthispassage?
A．A．LostEar
B．A．BusyCleaner
C．A．FallingKnife
D．A．forgetfulMan
随练1.3、
Donny,an11year-oldboy,isplayingwithaball.Theballgoesintothestreet,andDonnyrunsfortheball.A．carhits（撞）Donny.Anambulance（救护车）takesDonnytothehospital.ThedoctorsatthehospitaltellDonny’sparents,“Donny_is_in_a_coma”.
EverydayDonny’sparentsvisithimatthehospital.TheysitnexttoDonny’sbedandtalktohim.ButDonnynevertalkstothem.Hejustsleeps.
OnedayDonny’sfathersays,“Wakeup,Donny.Wakeupandcomehome.ComehomeandplaywithRusty.”
WhenDonny’sfathersays“Rusty”,Donnymoveshisarm.“Rusty!
”Donny’sfathersaysagain.Again,Donnymoveshisarm.Donny’sparentshaveanidea.Theytellthenurses,“WewanttobringRustytothehospital”.Thenursesays“OK”.
Thenextday,Donny’sparentsbringRustytothehospital.WhentheyputheronDonny’sbed,Donnyopenshiseyesandhugsher.
Donny’sparentsbringRustytothehospitaleveryday.Oneday,RustyjumpsonDonny’sbedandscratches（抓）Donny’sarm.Donnysayshisfirstwords:
“Baddog!
”Aftersevenweeks,Donnyiswell.Heleavesthehospitalandgoeshome.
1.Donnyis_________inthestreetwhenacarhitshim.
A．movinghisarm
B．walkingwithhisparents
C．talkingwithhisdog
D．runningforaball
2.RustyisDonny’s_________.
A．sister
B．friend
C．dog
D．classmate
3._________wakesupDonnyatlast.
A．A．doctor
B．Hisfather
C．A．nurse
D．Donny’sdog
4.Theunderlinedsentence“Donnyisinacoma.”means_________.
A．Donnyisanunhealthyboy
B．Donnymustleavethehospital
C．Donnyneedstoplaysports
D．Donnyisasleepandcan’ttalk
5.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A．TheParents’Love
B．DonnyandRusty
C．A．StoryofDonny
D．DonnyisinHospital
随练1.4、
Doyouknowwhydifferentanimalsorpests（昆虫）havetheirspecialcolors?
Colorsinthemseemtobeusedmainlytoprotectthemselves.
Somebirdslikeeatinglocusts（蝗虫）,butbirdscannoteasilycatchthem.Why?
Itisbecauselocustschangetheircolorstogetherwiththechangeofthecolorsofcrops（庄稼）.Whencropsaregreen,locustslookgreen.Butastheharvesttimecomes,locustschangetothesamebrowncolorascropshave.Someotherpestswithdifferentcolorsfromplantsareeasilyfoundandeatenbyothers.Sotheyhavetohidethemselvesforlivesandappearonlyatnight.
Ifyoustudytheanimallife,you’llfindthemainuseofcoloringistoprotectthemselves.Bears,lionsandotheranimalsmovequietlythroughforests.Theycannotbeeasilyseenbyhunters（猎人）.Thisisbecausetheyhavethecolorsmuchlikethetrees.
Haveyouevernoticedanevenstrangeract?
A．kindoffishintheseacansendoutakindofveryblackliquid（液体）whenitfacesdanger.Whiletheliquidspreadsover（散开）,itsene
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