最新初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

最新初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

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最新初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题含答案

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   In1845,adeadlydiseasestruckthefarmsofIreland,killingalltheLumperpotatoplants.Inanotherplaceortime,thedeathofsinglecropspecies（物种）mightnothavebeensoimportant.ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.

   Overthecenturies,farmershavediscoveredthousandsofdifferentspeciesoffoodcrops.Eachspecieshasspecialqualities.Somecanbegrowninveryhotorcoldclimates.Othersarenotaffectedbycertaindiseases.However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.TofeedthesevenbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsandfarmingonlyspeciesofanimalsthatareeasytoproduceinlargenumbers.

   Forexample,inthePhilippines,therewereoncethousandsofvarietiesofrice:

nowfewerthan100aregrownthere.InChina,90percentofthewheatvarietiesgrownjustacenturyagohavedisappeared.Scientistsbelievethatoverthepastcentury,wehaveallowedmorethanhalfoftheworld'sfoodvarietiestodisappear.

   Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseeds（种子）asmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.TheideawasfirstsuggestedbyRussianscientistNikolayVavilov.Inthe1920sand1930s,hecollectedaround400,000seedsfromfivecontients.Morerecently,othersarecontinuingtheworkhebegan.

   IntheU.S.stateofIowa,DianeOttWhealywantedtoprotecthistoricplantvarieties,liketheseedshergreat–grandfatherbroughttotheU.S.fromGermanymorethanahundredyearsago.SheandherhusbandstartedaplacecalledHeritageFarm,wherepeoplecanstoreandtradeseeds.

   Moreimportantly,thepeopleatHeritageFarmdon'tjuststoretheseeds;theyplantthem.Bydoingthis,theyarereintroducingfoodsintothemarketplacethathaven'tbeengrownforyears.Thesefoodspeciesarenotjustspecialintermsofappearanceortaste.Theyalsoofferfarmersfoodsolutionsforthefuture,fromthepast.

（1）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A. Theneedtoprotectdifferentfoodspecies.

B. Howtoincreasethenumberoffoodspecies.

C. Thefactthatmanyfoodspeciesaredyingout.

D. Howtopreventfoodspeciesfromdisappearing.

（2）Whyaresomescientistsworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain?

A. Becausepeopledependoncertainspeciesoffoodcrops.

B. Becausethesamedeadlydiseasemayattackcropsagain.

C. Becausetheworld'spopulationislargerthanthatin1845.

D. Becausefarmersgrowthesamepotatoesasthoseinthepast.

（3）Thefollowingsentencewouldbestbeplacedattheendof________.

Meanwhile,thousandsofotherspeciesaredyingout.

A. Paragraph1                   

B. Paragraph2                   

C. Paragraph3                   

D. Paragraph4

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. ThediseasespreadveryquicklyandkilledthousandsofpeopleinIreland.

B. Around80percentofthericevarietiesinthePhilippineshavedisappeared.

C. Peoplehavebeenstoringseedstosaveplanevarietiesforlessthan100years.

D. HeritageFarmisthefirstplaceintheU.S.forpeopletostoreandtradeseeds.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失。

（1）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.可知人们依赖单一的土豆或者食物，所以科学家担心饥荒再次来临，故选A。

（3）推断题。

根据第二段However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.在超市里不能发现这些物种，因为一些正在灭绝，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.可知疾病迅速蔓延，给爱尔兰的人们带去了饥荒，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解

   Everyonegetssad.Beingsadcanhappenprettyoften.Morethanhalfofteenagersgothroughaperiodofsadnessatleastonceamonth.Whenyou'resad,itfeelslikeitwilllastforever.Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly.Youmightfeellikeyouhavenothingtolookforwardto.Manytimes,youcry,andit'shardtostop.However,yourfeelingofsadnessusuallydoesn'tlastverylong—afewhours,ormaybeadayortwo.

   Whensadnessstartstogoaway,itfeelslikeabigstoneisbeingliftedfromyourbody.Ifsadfeelingsgoonfortoolong,it'scalleddepression.Childrenwhohavedepressionmaynotknowit.Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges.

   Whendepressionhappens,it'sveryimportantforchildrentoreceivetreatment.Whentheydo,theycangetbetterquickly.Sometimestreatmentincludestalkingtosomeonewhoknowsallaboutdepression.Sometimesitmeanstakingmedicine.Sometimesbothofthesethingsareused.Ifyouthinkyouhavedepression,oryoujusthavesadnessthatsimplywillnotgoaway,itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst.Thispersoncanhelpyoufindtherightkindoftreatment.Manycitiesalsohavementalhealthhotlinesthatarelistedinthephonebook.Thereisalwayssomebodywhocanhelp.

（1）WhichquestionisansweredinParagraph1?

A. Whatmakeskidssad?

B. Whenissadnessaproblem?

C. Whatdoessadnessfeellike?

D. Whyissadnessgoodsometimes?

（2）Ifwehavedepression,whoprobablyfirstnoticesthatwehavebeendifferent?

A. Weourselves.     

B. Ourparentorteacher.     

C. Ourclassmate.     

D. Ourfriendorneighbor.

（3）Childrenwhohavedepressionareadvisedto             first.

A. talktoanadult             B. gotohospital             C. takemedicine             D. calltheirfriends

（4）Onwhichpartofanewspapercanwefindthistext?

A. Culture.                            

B. Travel.                            

C. Health.                            

D. Education.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年的情绪，抑郁发生时要接受治疗。

（1）主旨题。

根据Theworldseemsdarkandunfriendly世界似乎黑暗而不友好，可知第一段介绍了悲伤是什么感觉，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据Often,it'saparentorteacherwhonoticeschildren'schanges可知，如果我们有抑郁症我们的父母或老师会首先注意到我们已经不同了，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据itisimportanttotalktoanadultaboutitfirst可知，患有抑郁症的儿童被建议首先和成年人谈谈，故选A。

（4）推理题。

根据本文介绍了青少年的情绪，抑郁发生时要接受治疗，可知是心理治疗问题， 故我们能在报纸的健康部分找到这篇文章，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读理解

   Doyouwanttoimproveyourphysicsandchemistrygrades?

Well,maybeyoushouldfirstlearnsomethingaboutthestruggles（奋斗）ofgreatscientists.

   TheAmericanPsychologicalAssociationdidaninterestingstudy.Morethan400studentsfromschoolsinNewYorkCitytookpartinit.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups.Group1readatypicaltextbookthatdescribestheachievementsofgreatscientists.Group2readaboutthosescientists'personalstruggles.Forexample,asaJew,Einstein（爱因斯坦）ranawayfromNaziGermanytoavoidpersecution（迫害）.Thelastgroupreadaboutthescientists'intellectualstruggles,suchasMarieCurie'sfailedscientifictests.Thesestoriesaboutstrugglesalsotoldstudentshowthescientistsdealtwiththeseobstacles（障碍）.

   Thestudentstookascienceexambeforethestudy.Afterthesix—weekstudy,theytookanother.ScientistsfoundthoseinGroups2and3improvedtheirsciencegrades.StudentsinGroup1didn'tseeagradeincrease.Someofthemevenhadlowergradesafterthestudy.

   ThestudywasledbyXiaodongLin—Siegler,ateacheratColumbiaUniversity.AccordingtoXiaodong,kidsoftenthinkEinsteinwastrulyintelligent.Theybelievetheywillnevermatchhim.

Manyofthemfailtorealizethatanysuccessrequiresalongjourney.Alongtheway,therearemanyfailures（失败）.

   Studentswhoreadthestrugglestoriesmoreprobablysaidthatgreatscientistswerelikethemselves.The"greatminds"alsohadtoovercomeobstaclestoachievesuccess.

   Xiaodongsaystoday'ssciencetextbooksfailtobringsciencetolife.Asaresult,studentsseldomregardscienceaspartoftheireverydaylives.Instead,theyjustseealonglistoffactsthattheyhavetoremember.Xiaodongthinkstextbooksshouldincludemorestoriesabouthowgreatscientistshadtostruggletosucceed.Andstudentsshouldfocusmoreonhowthesescientistsdealtwiththeobstaclestheymetalongtheway.

（1）Accordingtothearticle,studentscanimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygradesby_______.

A. readingtheachievementsofgreatscientistsmorecarefully

B. listeningmorecarefullytotheirphysicsandchemistryteachers

C. learningabouthowgreatscientistsdealtwiththeirobstacles

（2）Allofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy_________.

A. wereinterestedinphysicsandchemistry

B. wenttoschoolinNewYorkCity

C. wantedtoimprovetheirphysicsandchemistrygrades

（3）AndyHuntwasoneofthestudentswhotookpartinthestudy.Accordingtohisreportcard,hewasprobablyamemberof_________.

AndyHunt

Class2,Grade9

Physics

2018.4—9  86

2018—5—22 79

A. Group1                                   B. Group2                                   C. Group3

（4）InParagraphFour,theword"match"means"___________"inChinese.

A. 满足                                        

B. 比得上                                        

C. 配对

（5）XiaodongLin—Sieglerthinkssciencetextbooksshould___________.

A. tellstudentsdirectlythatEinsteinwasbornacommonman

B. makethelonglistsoffacts山atstudentshavetoremember