最新初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx

1、最新初中英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题含答案一、中考英语阅读理解汇编1阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 In 1845, a deadly disease struck the farms of Ireland, killing all the Lumper potato plants. In another place or time, the death of single crop species （物种） might not have been so important. But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended al

2、most solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine（饥荒）. Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wider scale. Over the centuries, farmers have discovered thousands of different species of food crops. Each species has spe

3、cial qualities. Some can be grown in very hot or cold climates. Others are not affected by certain diseases. However, you wont find many of these species in your local supermarket. To feed the seven billion people on Earth, most farmers today are growing only species of plants and farming only speci

4、es of animals that are easy to produce in large numbers. For example, in the Philippines, there were once thousands of varieties of rice: now fewer than 100 are grown there. In China, 90 percent of the wheat varieties grown just a century ago have disappeared. Scientists believe that over the past c

5、entury, we have allowed more than half of the worlds food varieties to disappear. One solution to this problem is to collect and store the seeds （种子） as many different plant varieties as we can before they disappear. The idea was first suggested by Russian scientist Nikolay Vavilov. In the 1920s and

6、 1930s, he collected around 400,000 seeds from five contients. More recently, others are continuing the work he began. In the U.S. state of Iowa, Diane Ott Whealy wanted to protect historic plant varieties, like the seeds her great grandfather brought to the U.S. from Germany more than a hundred yea

7、rs ago. She and her husband started a place called Heritage Farm, where people can store and trade seeds. More importantly, the people at Heritage Farm dont just store the seeds; they plant them. By doing this, they are reintroducing foods into the marketplace that havent been grown for years. These

8、 food species are not just special in terms of appearance or taste. They also offer farmers food solutions for the future, from the past.（1）What is this passage mainly about? A.The need to protect different food species.B.How to increase the number of food species.C.The fact that many food species a

9、re dying out.D.How to prevent food species from disappearing.（2）Why are some scientists worried that such a famine could happen again? A.Because people depend on certain species of food crops.B.Because the same deadly disease may attack crops again.C.Because the worlds population is larger than that

10、 in 1845.D.Because farmers grow the same potatoes as those in the past.（3）The following sentence would best be placed at the end of _. Meanwhile, thousands of other species are dying out.A.Paragraph 1B.Paragraph 2C.Paragraph 3D.Paragraph 4（4）What can we learn from the passage? A.The disease spread v

11、ery quickly and killed thousands of people in Ireland.B.Around 80 percent of the rice varieties in the Philippines have disappeared.C.People have been storing seeds to save plane varieties for less than 100 years.D.Heritage Farm is the first place in the U.S. for people to store and trade seeds.【答案】

12、 （1）D（2）A（3）B（4）A 【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失。 （1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine（饥荒）. Now, some scientists are worried that such a famine could happen again, but on a much wi

13、der scale.可知人们依赖单一的土豆或者食物，所以科学家担心饥荒再次来临，故选A。 （3）推断题。根据第二段However, you wont find many of these species in your local supermarket.在超市里不能发现这些物种，因为一些正在灭绝，故选B。 （4）细节题。根据But in Ireland, in 1845, people depended almost solely on the potato for food. The death of one species caused a terrible famine（饥荒）.可知疾

14、病迅速蔓延，给爱尔兰的人们带去了饥荒，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。2阅读理解 Everyone gets sad. Being sad can happen pretty often. More than half of teenagers go through a period of sadness at least once a month. When youre sad, it feels like it will last f

15、orever. The world seems dark and unfriendly. You might feel like you have nothing to look forward to. Many times, you cry, and its hard to stop. However, your feeling of sadness usually doesnt last very long a few hours, or maybe a day or two. When sadness starts to go away, it feels like a big ston

16、e is being lifted from your body. If sad feelings go on for too long, its called depression. Children who have depression may not know it. Often, its a parent or teacher who notices childrens changes. When depression happens, its very important for children to receive treatment. When they do, they c

17、an get better quickly. Sometimes treatment includes talking to someone who knows all about depression. Sometimes it means taking medicine. Sometimes both of these things are used. If you think you have depression, or you just have sadness that simply will not go away, it is important to talk to an a

18、dult about it first. This person can help you find the right kind of treatment. Many cities also have mental health hotlines that are listed in the phone book. There is always somebody who can help.（1）Which question is answered in Paragraph 1? A.What makes kids sad?B.When is sadness a problem?C.What

19、 does sadness feel like?D.Why is sadness good sometimes?（2）If we have depression, who probably first notices that we have been different? A.We ourselves.B.Our parent or teacher.C.Our classmate.D.Our friend or neighbor.（3）Children who have depression are advised to first. A.talk to an adultB.go to ho

20、spitalC.take medicineD.call their friends（4）On which part of a newspaper can we find this text? A.Culture.B.Travel.C.Health.D.Education.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了青少年的情绪，抑郁发生时要接受治疗。 （1）主旨题。根据The world seems dark and unfriendly世界似乎黑暗而不友好，可知第一段介绍了悲伤是什么感觉 ， 故选C。 （2）细节题。根据Often, its a parent or

21、teacher who notices childrens changes可知， 如果我们有抑郁症我们的父母或老师会首先注意到我们已经不同了 ， 故选B。 （3）细节题。根据it is important to talk to an adult about it first可知， 患有抑郁症的儿童被建议首先和成年人谈谈 ， 故选A。 （4）推理题。根据本文介绍了青少年的情绪，抑郁发生时要接受治疗，可知是心理治疗问题，故我们能在报纸的健康部分找到这篇文章 ， 故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题

22、需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。3阅读理解 Do you want to improve your physics and chemistry grades? Well, maybe you should first learn something about the struggles （奋斗） of great scientists. The American Psychological Association did an interesting study. More than 400 students from schools in New York City took pa

23、rt in it. The students were divided into three groups. Group 1 read a typical textbook that describes the achievements of great scientists. Group 2 read about those scientists personal struggles. For example, as a Jew, Einstein （爱因斯坦） ran away from Nazi Germany to avoid persecution （迫害）. The last gr

24、oup read about the scientists intellectual struggles, such as Marie Curies failed scientific tests. These stories about struggles also told students how the scientists dealt with these obstacles（障碍） . The students took a science exam before the study. After the sixweek study, they took another. Scie

25、ntists found those in Groups 2 and 3 improved their science grades. Students in Group 1 didnt see a grade increase. Some of them even had lower grades after the study. The study was led by Xiaodong LinSiegler, a teacher at Columbia University. According to Xiaodong, kids often think Einstein was tru

26、ly intelligent. They believe they will never match him.Many of them fail to realize that any success requires a long journey. Along the way, there are many failures（失败） . Students who read the struggle stories more probably said that great scientists were like themselves. The great minds also had to

27、 overcome obstacles to achieve success. Xiaodong says todays science textbooks fail to bring science to life. As a result, students seldom regard science as part of their everyday lives. Instead, they just see a long list of facts that they have to remember. Xiaodong thinks textbooks should include

28、more stories about how great scientists had to struggle to succeed. And students should focus more on how these scientists dealt with the obstacles they met along the way.（1）According to the article, students can improve their physics and chemistry grades by _. A.reading the achievements of great sc

29、ientists more carefullyB.listening more carefully to their physics and chemistry teachersC.learning about how great scientists dealt with their obstacles（2）All of the students who took part in the study _. A.were interested in physics and chemistryB.went to school in New York CityC.wanted to improve

30、 their physics and chemistry grades（3）Andy Hunt was one of the students who took part in the study. According to his report card, he was probably a member of _. Andy HuntClass 2, Grade 9Physics2018.49 862018522 79A.Group 1B.Group 2C.Group 3（4）In Paragraph Four, the word match means _ in Chinese. A.满足B.比得上C.配对（5）Xiaodong LinSiegler thinks science textbooks should _. A.tell students directly that Einstein was born a common manB.make the long lists of facts山at students have to remember