学年高中英语unit3lifeinthefutureperiodfourgraWord文档格式.docx
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问及他的地址时,小男孩没有作答。
2.过去分词作原因状语,在句中相当于一个原因状语从句。
Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade(=Asheisencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade),heworksharder.
由于受到所取得的进步的鼓励,他工作更努力了。
3.过去分词作条件状语,在句中相当于一个条件状语从句。
Givenmoretime(=Iftheyweregivenmoretime),thetreescouldgrowtaller.
如果再多给一点时间,这些树会长得更高。
Heatedtoahightemperature(=Ifitisheatedtoahightemperature),waterwillchangeintovapor.
如果加热到高温,水就能变成蒸气。
4.过去分词作让步状语,在句中相当于一个让步状语从句。
Thoughwarnedofthestorm(=Thoughtheyhadbeenwarnedofthestorm),thefarmerswerestillworkinginthefields.
尽管被警告过有暴风雨,农民们仍然在田地里劳作。
5.过去分词作方式、伴随状语,在句中相当于一个并列句。
Followedbyagroupofstudents,theteacherenteredtheclassroom.
=Theteacherenteredtheclassroomandhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.
老师走进教室,后面跟着一群学生。
注意:
过去分词(短语)作状语时,前面有时可以加上when,if,while,though,evenif,until,unless等连词,这种结构可以看作是一种省略的状语从句(省略部分多为“主语+be的多种形式”)。
需要注意的是,省略的主语必须和主句的主语相同或为it。
Evenifinvited(=EvenifI’minvited),Iwon’ttakepartintheparty.
即使受到邀请,我也不会参加这个聚会的。
拓展 有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动。
这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:
lost迷路,沉溺于;
seated坐;
dressedin穿着;
tiredof厌烦;
facedwith面临;
accustomedto习惯于等。
Lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthesound.
因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音。
Dressedinanewdress,shelooksverybeautiful.
穿着一件新衣服,她看上去很漂亮。
二、过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在句首;
作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在句末;
作方式状语时,一般放在句末,有时也放在句首;
作让步状语时,一般放在句首,有时也放在句末。
Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.(原因状语)
得知母亲生病了,李雷迅速赶回了家。
Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.(方式状语)
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,即表示被动;
现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,即表示主动。
助记 分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语,主语是问题。
前后两动作,共用一主语。
主语找出后,再来判关系。
主动用ing,被动用ed。
Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.(动宾关系)
由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去陈旧。
Usingthebook,Ifinditveryuseful.(主谓关系)
在使用这本书时,我发现它很有用。
注意:
无论是现在分词还是过去分词,其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。
如果不一致,则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(×
)
Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(√)
Ifthethiefiscaught,thepolicewillpunishhim/her.(√)
单句语法填空
1.Ordinarysoap,used(use)correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2018·
北京)
2.Ordered(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.(2016·
3.Ifaccepted(accept)forthejob,you’llbeinformedsoon.(2015·
4.Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.(2015·
重庆)
5.Absorbed(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015·
天津)
6.Founded(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.(2013·
安徽)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Compared(compare)withthewesternmedicine’shighfees,TCMhasareasonablepricethatordinarypeoplecanafford.(2018·
江西宜春中学诊断)
2.Designed(design)verycleverlytofitintocorners,theshelfdoesn’ttakeupmuchroom.
3.Thenewtechnology,ifapplied(apply)toricegrowing,willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.
4.Whenfirstintroduced(introduce)tothemarket,thesenewproductsintheircompanyenjoyedagreatsuccess.
5.Disappointed(disappoint)atfailinginthemathexam,Johnwouldn’tliketotalkaboutittohisparents.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6.
manytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.
7.If
properly,anyonecanlearnhowtooperatethemachine.
8.
bytheoppositeteam,wedidn’tloseheart.
9.Thechildbehavesverywell,well
upbyhisparents.
10.Theteacherstoodthere,
byagroupofstudents.
Ⅲ.完成句子
11.Blamedbytheteacher,theboywasinlowspirits.
受到老师的责备,这个男孩非常难过。
12.Injuredintheaccident,theplayerhadtodropoutofthematch.
由于在事故中受伤了,这个运动员只好退出了比赛。
13.Wewenttothecinema,filledwithexcitement.
我们满怀兴奋地去了电影院。
14.Theboywassittingontheplayground,lostinthought.
这个男孩坐在操场上,陷入了沉思。
15.Givenafewmoreminutes,I’llfinishthewholework.
如果再多给我几分钟,我会做完全部工作的。
基础巩固
1.Trapped(trap)bystrongwindsanddeepsnow,Andydidnothingbutwait.
2.Ifgiven(give)morecareandattention,theboywouldnothavegonethatfaronthewrongpath,I’msure.
3.Finding(find)thecourseverydifficult,shedecidedtomovetoalowerlevel.
4.Time,used(use)correctly,ismoneyinthebank.
5.Settled(settle)inafriendlyway,theirfiercequarrelfinallycametoanend.
6.“Can’tyouread?
It’sanonsmokingsection.”Isaidangrilypointing(point)tothenotice.
7.Compared(compare)withthesizeofthewholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.
8.Being(be)pooratEnglish,I’mafraidIcan’tmakemyselfunderstood.
9.Reminded(remind)nottodriveafterdrinking,somedriversarestilltryingtheirluck.
10.Lost(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.
11.When
forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.
12.
badlyintheearthquake,thegirlwassenttohospitalimmediately.
13.
betterattention,theflowercouldhavegrownbetter.
14.Hestoodtheresilently,and或
movedtotears.
15.Shesentmeanemail,
togetfurtherinformation.
Ⅲ.句型转换
16.AsIwasmovedbytheirspeech,Iwasatalosswhattosay.
→Movedbytheirspeech,Iwasatalosswhattosay.
17.Althoughitwasbuiltbeforethewar,theengineisstillinperfectorder.
→Builtbeforethewar,theengineisstillinperfectorder.
18.Whentheywereaskedwhohadbrokenthewindow,thechildrenallkeptsilent.
→Askedwhohadbrokenthewindow,thechildrenallkeptsilent.
19.Shewasseatedatthebackoftheclassroomanddidn’ttalktoanyone.
→Seatedatthebackoftheclassroom,shedidn’ttalktoanyone.
20.Thedoctorcamein,andhewasfollowedbyhisassistant.
→Thedoctorcamein,followedbyhisassistant.
能力提升
Ⅳ.阅读理解
AfterImadeittothecitycenter,IstartedtofeelitmightbeeasyforaforeignertodealwiththegreatsizeofBeijing.Withgrowingconfidence,Idecidedtotakethesubwaytothehotel,notrealizingthatthenetworkdidn’tgothatfar.Impressedwiththecleanlinessofthestation,Iboughtaticketandboardedthefirsttrainthatcamealong.
AfterafewminutesIaskedinEnglishofcourseayoungmanseatednexttomewhereIshouldgetoffclosesttotheFriendshipHotel.Wearingasmartbusinesssuitandtie,hewouldsurelyspeakEnglish,wouldn’the?
Unfortunately,hecouldn’tunderstandmebutseemedveryfriendly.IshowedhimtheroomcardwithalltheinformationoftheFriendshipHotelinChinesecharacters.Helookedatit,andthenhiseyesmovedquicklytothecarriagesubwaymap.Next,heraisedthreefingersofhisrighthand.
InAustralia,raisingfingersatsomeoneisnotusuallynice,butthismanwasn’tsmiling.Atthenextstationheshowedmetwofingers.NowinAustralia,that’sreallyrude,butIgotthemessage.Whenwestoppedatthethirdstation,hedidn’tjustpointtothedoor,butgotup,tookmeoutofthetrain,andledmetothetopofthestairs,andoutontothestreet.Thenhestoppedataxiandtoldthedriverwheretotakeme.
Allthiscamefromamanwhocouldn’tspeakmylanguage,andIcouldn’tspeakhis.Iwasnowspeechless,especiallywhenherefusedmyofferofmoney.Ifeltalittleembarrassedhavingeventhoughthewouldacceptatip.
ThisexperiencemadeitclearthatIhadtolearnsomeChinesequicklyormyadventuresmightstartturningintobadluck.
21.Theauthordecidedtotakethesubwaybecause.
A.helivednearthecitycenter
B.thenetworkcoveredmostofthestops
C.hebelievedinhisabilitytodealwiththetrip
D.hehadagoodimpressionofitscleanliness
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一段第一、二句可知,作者相信自己能处理好这次旅程。
故选C。
22.Havingbeenshowntheroomcard,theyoungman.
A.understoodtheauthorwell
B.stillremainedpuzzled
C.answeredtheauthordirectly
D.pointedatthesubwaymap
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。
根据第二段最后两句可知,年轻人看到房卡后就看车厢的地图,然后伸出三根手指头。
说明年轻人已经知道作者的意思。
故选A。
23.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeusedtodescribetheyoungman?
A.Helpful.B.Rude.
C.Warmhearted.D.Caring.
答案 B
根据文章内容可知,年轻人虽然不会说英语却亲自送作者出站,为他叫了出租车,并告诉出租车司机作者要去的地方,由此可判断选项A、C、D都是正确的。
故选B。
24.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageismainlyto.
A.provetheimportanceofbeingcareful
B.appreciatethekindnessoftheyoungman
C.complainsomeculturalmisunderstanding
D.describeoneofhisadventurousexperiences
答案 D
解析 写作目的题。
通过对整篇文章的理解可知,作者讲述了自己在北京的一次冒险经历。
故选D。
Ⅴ.完形填空
I’mnotsayingthatallhuntingiswrongbecauseinsomecountriespeopleliveinpoverty(贫困),andtheyhavetohunttosurvive.Yetin25countries,peoplecangotoastoretobuytheir26,andtheystillhuntjustforfun.
Onedaymydadcamebackhomeinhistruckandtherewasacageintheback.27Iwascurious,soIwenttowardsthetruckwhenI28thattherewasasmalllittlegoatthatwasn’tevenan29yet.Iaskedmydadandhesaidthatheboughtthelovelybut30goatfromhisfriendanddecidedtokillittwentyminutesafterhe31ithomesothatwewouldhaveabig32.
Mysisterwastheretooandshewas33formyview.Wefoundoutwegotreally34atourdadandtoldhimnottokillit.Afteragood10minutesofcomplainingwefinally35mydadnottokillit.Wetoldhimthattherewasno36forhimtokillthegoathimselfwhenhecouldjustbuygoat37atastore.Myparentsknewsomefriendsthatwe38sometimesandtheirfamilyreally39animalssowedecidedtogiveittothem.
Foraboutamonth,theyhadthegoatasa40.Sadly,theyalsohadthesameproblemswehadbecausethedadwantedtokillit41therestofthefamilydidn’twantittoloseits42.Theyalsowereabletopersuadehimnottodoso.They43sendingthegoattoafamilymember’sfarmwhereitwouldgrowup44.
语篇解读 作者认为,除了以捕猎为生的国家之外,富裕一些的国家的人们最好不要捕猎。
在经历了一件关于如何处理一只小羊的事件之后,作者深有体会。
25.A.poorerB.smaller
C.biggerD.richer
解析 根据上文中的“insomecountriespeopleliveinpoverty”和连词Yet可推知,上文说的情况多数发生在相对落后的国家,而此处指的是在富裕一些的(richer)国家,人们可以到商店里去买(而没有必要猎取食物)。
26.A.toysB.medicine
C.foodD.clothes
解析 根据上一句中的“hunttosurvive”和下文中的forfun可推知,在作者看来,相对富裕的国家里的人们可以到商店购买“食物”。
27.A.NaturallyB.Exactly
C.StrangelyD.Generally
解析 作者看到车上有笼子,自然(naturally)很好奇,想去看看笼子里有什么。
28.A.chec