商务合同的翻译本科毕业论文Word文档下载推荐.docx
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专业：
英语（外贸英语方向）本科
指导老师：
开题时间：
2012.12
完成时间：
2013.4
湖南农业大学制
商务合同的翻译
HeRongkui
贺荣葵
Supervisor:
Prof.XiaoFuliang
Major:
ForeignTradeEnglish
ForeignLanguageCollege
HunanAgriculturalUniversity
April,2013
Abstract
Abstract:
Ininternationaltradeactivities,businesscontractsareanimportantbasisforthedocuments.BusinessEnglishlanguagehasbecomeanindispensablecommunicationtoolanditisalsothestartingpointofeconomiccontractsinEnglish.Internationalbusinesscontractsinvolveawidevarietyandcomplexityandalsohavetheirowncharacteristics,suchasaccuracyprofession,andnormalization.Therefore,thequalityofthetranslationofbusinesscontractsneedshighdemand.Inthispaper,throughalargenumberofexamples,thecharacteristicsandtranslationofbusinesscontractsareanalyzedcomprehensively.
KeyWords:
businesscontracts;
translation;
strategy
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摘要
在国际贸易活动中，商务合同作为一种重要法律文件,涉及面广泛而复杂，同时也有其自身的特点，准确性，专业性和规范性。
因此，对商务合同翻译的质量提出了非常高的要求。
本文用大量的例子对商务合同的特征及对策做了全面的分析和讨论。
关键词:
商务合同;
翻译;
对策
Contents
2.2.2AdverbialClauses....................................................................................5
3.2TranslationProfession……………………………………………................7
3.3TranslationNormalization………………………………………………….7
3.3.1LanguageNormalization……………………………………………...9
3.3.2StyleNormalization…………………………………………………...9
3.3.3ProfessionNormalization…………………………………………….11
Introduction
Inthe21stcentury,internationaltradehasbecomingmoreandmorefrequent,andthereformingChinaisactivelyengagedininternationaltradeactivities.Intheprocessofglobaltrade,Englishhasbecomeanindispensablecommunicationtool.Itisthebasisofbusinesscontracts.Intoday'
ssociety,citizens,corporationsandotherorganizationssometimeshavetheproblemonhowtosigncontractsdirectlyinEnglish.Lawyers,legaladvisersandotherlegalprofessionalswillmeettheneedstoreviewandmodifythecontractsinEnglish,andsometimeswillbeaskedtocometoChinesetranslation,andeventodraftacontractinEnglish.SomoreandmorefansofEnglishandthelawyerswanttofamiliarizethemselveswiththecontractsinEnglishwithChina’sentryintoWTO,thisrequirementturnsmoreandmoreurgenttoresolvecontractissuesinEnglish.
1.TheDefinitionofBusinessContract
Contractmeanstoabidebytheconditionsestablished,workingincooperation."
People'
sRepublicofChinaCivilLaw"
《中国人民共和国民法通则》TheArticle85thprovidesthat"
Acontractshallbeanagreementwherebythepartiesestablish,exchange,terminatetheircivilrelationship"
，（合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事权利义务关系的协议）andinternationalbusinesscontract,asoneofthem,fromthegeneralsense,ItisinvolvedwithtwoormoreStates.Toacountry,internationalbusinesscontractsarealsoforeigncontracts.InChina,accordingtothedifferentnatureandcontentofthemajorcategoriesincontracts,Wedothefollowingclassification:
salecontract（销售合同）;
thetransfercontract（转让合同）;
thejointventurecontract（合资或合营合同）;
compensationtradecontracts（补偿贸易合同）;
Agentagreement（代理合同）andothercontracts,agreements,etc.Itisthepartiestoeconomicactivities,theagreementreachedbynegotiation,legallybindingonbothparties.Thisagreementmaybeformalorinformal.Asthecontractwithlegaleffect,thepartiesmustaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthecontractfullyandmeettheirobligationsstrictly,whichrequiresthecontracttermsandsentencesarerigorousandaccurate.
2.TheCharacteristicsofBusinessContracts
2.1
TextCharacteristic
Businesscontractisaspecialapplicationstyle,focusingondocumentary,whosemajorcharacteristicisaccurateandrigorous.Asbusinesscontractisalegallydocumentthatasksthepartiestostrictlyobeytheobligations,right,codesofconductandotherspecificterms,asdrilledlegalloopholes,itdoesnotallowthevagueandmileding,itwouldrathersacrificethefluencyoftextbutmaintaintruth.
2.1.1Preciseness
Theprecisenessofthebusinesscontracttranslationistheprinciplesprobleminpracticecontractlanguageisalegalcontextthatemphasizesthestructureoflanguage,anothercharacteristicisusingformalwords,repeatwords,parallelconjunctions,etc,inordertoensurethecontracttextrigorandunbeatable,alsoreflectedthecontractsolemnandseriousnessaslegaldocuments.
2.1.2
Normalization
Generally,thestructureofacontractisorganized,andthetermsandstatementsinvolvedcomplywiththecontractdocumentsandtheprogramrequirements.Acompletebusiness,thetermsofthecontractareuptodozenstodefinedbuyersandsellersobligationsclearly.Afteralongpracticeandtexting,Thestructurehasbeenrelativelyfixed,whetheritisChineseorEnglish.Thecontractcanbedividedintofourparts:
title（标题），preamble（序言），body（正文），andconclusion（结尾）.Sincebusinesscontractiswrittentoprotectlegalrightsandinterests,itrequiretheuseofbodylanguagesolemnorformalstyle.
2.1.3Profession
Businesscontractsarehighlyprofessional,involvingfinance,trade,tariffs,customs,commodities,insurance,warehousing,commodityinspection,legalandmanyotherareas,businesscontractisthecomplexfieldofexpertisetext.Therefore,thetranslationprocessconstantlyabsorbsandintegratesnewknowledge.Businesscontractsbasiccharacteristicsofthesetextfeaturestodeterminethebusinessprocessoftranslationtofollowstrictprocedures.Forexample,Weherebyagreewiththedrawers,endorsersandbonafideholdersofthedraftsdrawnunderandincompliancewiththetermsofthiscreditthatsuchdraftsshallbedulyhonoredonduepresentationanddeliveryofdocumentsashereinspecified.
Thissentencelooksalittlecomplex,andinvolvessomecreditterms,ifatranslatorisnotfamiliarwithcreditprofessionaltermssuchas：
drawers（出票人）、endorsers（背书人）、drawn（开具）、drafts（汇票）、honored（履行付款责任）、presentation（提示）、documents（单据），theywouldhavenoideasaboutthis.
2.2SentenceCharacteristics
2.2.1AttributiveClauses
Tomakethetermsclearandprecisetoavoidthepossibilityofbeingmisunderstood,alargenumberofstructureareoftenusedinclausesinbusinesscontracts.Attributiveclausesseparatedwiththecenterwidespreadword,atermwithmultiplesidebyside,oranattributiveclausemodifyingthecaseofmultiplecentersarealsocommonword.
Forexample,Areplytoanyoffer,whichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodifications,isarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounteroffer.“which”Guidetherestrictiveattributiveclausemodifiedreply.
Translation：
“对发价表示接受，但载有添加、限制、或其它更改的答复，即为拒绝该项发价并构成还价”。
Forexample,Thesellermustdelivergoodswhichareofthequantity,quantityanddescriptionsrequiredbythecontractandwhicharecontainedorpackedinthemannerrequiredbythecontract.
Sentenceof“which”inattributiveclauseistoguidethetermsofprovisionsofgoods,ratherthandepictedanddescribedthedeepstructureofsentences.“Goodsmustbe”，如译成：
“卖方必须交付……的货物”,Semanticambiguity.Therefore,thedeepstructureofthesentencecanbetranslatedinaccordancewiththesubject-predicatestructureinChinese,Soit’scanbetranslatedinto卖方交付的货物必须与合同所规定的数、质量和规格一致，并按照合同所规定的方式装箱或包装”。
2.2.2AdverbialClauses
Asadverbialclauseshighlighttheflexibilityanddiversity,theyareoftenusedinbusinesscontract,suchasthenumberofadverbialmodificationofaverboranadverbialcontainsanotherverycommon.
Forexample,within30daysafterthesigningandcomingintoeffectofthiscontract,thebuyershallproceedtopaythepriceforthegoodstothesellerbyopeninganimbecileL/CfortheamountofUSD30.000,infavorofthesellerthroughabankatexportport.ThebackboneofthesentenceThebuyershallproceedtopaythepricetothesellerwhichcontainsatimeadverbialwithin30daysafterthesigningandcomingintoeffectofthiscontract.Businesscontracts,saidmanyofthetimeadverbialisaPartyatacertaintimeandmustassumeacertainobligation,ortoenjoycertainrights,namely,timeliness,Therefore,thecenterofthewholesentenceisnotaverbinasentenceoftimebuttheactionoccurs.IfitistranslatedintoChinesetohighlighttheeffectivenessofbehavior,thetimeadverbialshouldbeasclosetothatobligation,theresponsibilityoftheword“shall”sentencealsocontainsacomplexmanneradverbialbyopeninganirrevocableL/CaccordingtothelanguageofChinesenormsmanneradverbialusuallybeforetheverb,thesentencecanbetranslatedas“买方须与本合同签字并生效后30天内通过出口地银行开立以卖方为受益人的不可撤销信用证支付全部货款计30000美元。
”
3.TheTranslation
升级会员 