英语主要句子成分Word格式.docx
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3One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.
4Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.
5Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.
6Therichshouldhelpthepoor.
7WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.
8Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
9Thatheisn’tathomeisnottrue.
复习：
找出下面句子的主语，并说出由什么充当。
1.Seeingisbelieving
2.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch
3.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.
4.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine
5.Suddenlyitbeginstorain
6.Onemillionisenough.
7.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine
8.Thereisanoldmancominghere.
9.Todotoday'
shomeworkwithouttheteacher'
shelpisverydifficult.
11.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.
12.Whatheneedsisabook.
13.Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.
二）谓语：
是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，放在主语的后面。
常由“不及物动词”、“及物动词（+宾语）”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人或物“干什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息。
1.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.
2.Hesaidhedidn'
tcome.
3.Theyloveeachother.
4.Whatdidyoubuy?
5.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.
6.Speakingdoesn'
tmeandoing.
7.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.
8.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.
9.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.
10.Shebecameadoctorin1998
找出下面句子的谓语，并说出由什么充当。
①Idon'
tlikethepictureonthewall.
②Thedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.
③Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?
④Therewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.
⑤Didthetwinshaveporridgefortheirbreakfast?
⑥Tomdidn'
tdohishomeworkyesterday.
⑦WhatIwanttotellyouisthis.
⑧Wehadbettersendforadoctor.
⑨Heisinterestedinmusic.
⑩Whomdidyougivemybookto?
1、One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.
2、Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.
3、WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.
4、Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
5、Thatheisn’tathomeisnottrue
6、Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.
7、Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.
8、HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish
9、Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday
10、Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.
三）宾语：
表示谓语动作的承受者、作用对象是“谁”或者是“何物”。
常由名词、代词（人称代词要用宾格）、不定式、动名词、（宾语）从句充当。
注：
（一）只有及物动词或介词才有宾语,不及物动词没有宾语,如果涉及到事物,则必须在不及物动词后面加合适的介词。
（二）双宾语：
英语中，有些及物动词可以接两个宾语，动作的承
受者，即指物的叫做直接宾语，动作是为谁做的或
是对谁做的，即指人的叫做间接宾语，这两个宾语
称为“双宾语”。
1、Passmethesalt,please.thesalt（直接宾语），me
（间接宾语）
2、Theyaskedmetosingthemasong.
asong（直接宾语），them（间接宾语）。
一般情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。
间接宾语
也可以放在直接宾语的后面，这时候需要在间接宾语
之前分别加两个介词：
for（为）或to（给）.具体用哪
一个介词，主要取决于句子的谓语动词。
1、I’lllendyousomethingtoread.→
I’lllendsomethingtoreadtoyou.
我要借点什么东西给你看。
2、Ihopeyouwilldomeafavor.→
Ihopeyouwilldoafavorforme.
我希望你能帮/为我做一件事。
1、Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday.
2、Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.
3、Howmanydictionariesdoyouhave?
Ihavefive.
4、Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.
5、Hepretendednottoseeme.
6、Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.
7、Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.
8、Suddenlyitbeginstorain.
9、Doingexercisedoesgoodtothehealth.
10、Wehavetoputoffthesportsmeetingbecauseoftherain.
找出下面句子的宾语，并说出由什么充当。
①Mybrotherhasn'
tdonehishomework.
②PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.
③Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.
④Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?
⑤Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?
⑥Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.
⑦Theymadehimmonitoroftheclass.
⑧Goacrossthebridgeandyouwillfindthemuseumontheleft.
⑨Youwillfinditusefulafteryouleaveschool.
⑩Theydidn'
tknowwho"
FatherChristmas"
reallyis.
找出下面句子的宾语，并说出由什么充当
1.Hehandedmethenewspaper.
2.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.
3.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.
4.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.
5.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.
6.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.
7.Helikesgoingriding.
8.Theyarehavingapartyinthegarden.
9.Idon’tknowwhentheywillarrive.
10.Theythinkthirteenunfortunate.
四）宾语补足语：
英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：
某些及物动词（如感官动词、使役性动词等）+宾语+宾补。
宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例如：
1、HisfathernamedhimDongming.
2、Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.
3、Letthefreshairin.
4、Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.
5、Wesawherenteringtheroom.
6、Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.
7、Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.
8、Theyfounditimportanttomasteranforeignlanguage.
9、Henoticedamanentertheroom.
10、Youhadbetterhaveyoudooropened/open.
挑出下列句中的宾语补足语
①Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
②Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
③Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
④TheycallmeLilysometimes.
⑤IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
⑥DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
找出下面句子的宾语补足语，并说出由什么充当
1、Youwillfind
it
useful
after
you
leave
school.
2、They
made
him
monitor
oftheclass.
3、Theteacheraskedthestudentstofinishthehomeworkafterclass.
4、Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.
5、Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.
6、Shefounditdifficulttodothework.
7、TheycallmeLilysometimes.
8、IsawMrWanggetonthebus.
9、DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?
五）表语
表语是用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态的句子成分，它一般位于系动词（如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等）之后。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。
1、Hebecameadoctorafterhelefthighschool.（高中毕业他当上了医生。
2、Therubberwheelsareoverthere.（橡胶轮子在那边。
3、Whoisit?
（谁呀？
4、One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.
5、Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.
6、Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.
7、Thatheisn’tathomeisnottrue.
8、Wearefriends.（我们是朋友）
9、Toseeistobelieve.（耳听为虚眼见为实）.
10、Whathesaidisreallyveryinteresting.（他说的真的很有趣）
1、表语只能放在连系动词（如：
be,look,become,turnget,grow,feel,seem）之后,对表语进行提问的句子除外。
2、代词做表语一般用主格,口语中常用宾。
It’sI.（It’sme.）
画出下列句中的表语，并说明由什么充当。
1、OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.
2、Isityours?
3、Theweatherhasturnedcold.
4、Thespeechisexciting.
5、Threetimessevenistwentyone.
6、HisjobistoteachEnglish.
7、Hishobby（爱好）isplayingfootball.
8、Themachinemustbeunderrepairs.
①Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.
②WhyisheworriedaboutJim?
③Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.
④SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.
⑤Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.
⑦Mostofthestudentsareintheclass.
⑧Hisadviceisthatweleaveatonce.
⑨Seeingisbelieving..
⑩Toseeistobelieve.
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