第八次课定语从句及习题文档格式.docx
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关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用.
What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?
4.作状语I'
llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing。
三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法。
1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.
whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:
MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome。
3.whose指人,在定语从句中作定语.
Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.
4。
which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语.
Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.
5。
that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语.
I'
vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews。
6.when指时间,在定语从句中作状语.
HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.
7。
where指地点,在定语从句中作状语。
Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear。
定语从句
由which,that,who引导的从句在句中作定语,修饰其前面的名词。
这种从句叫做定语从句。
被修饰的名词,词组或代词称为先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系代词或是关系副词引出。
语法规则
引导定语从句的关系代词有:
who,whom,thatwhich等。
关系副词有:
when,where,why等。
在定语从句中关系词代替先行词.并在从句中充当主语,宾语,定语等成分。
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
【区别】限制性定语从句和主句不分开;
而非限制性定语从句通常要用逗号和主句分开
正确使用that和which
(1)先行词前面有形容词最高级,序数词,next,last,very,any,little,no等修饰时,用that不用which引导
(2)先行词是all,much,little,none等,用that不用which
(3)先行词是不定代词something,anything,everything,用that
(4)先行词是人和物时,要用that
(5)当主句是以who或which开头的疑问词时,为避免重复用that
练习
定语从句练习
1、Theknifeweusedtocutthebreadisverysharp.
A.whichB.withC.withitD.withwhich
2、Thebraveman,thetigerwasshot,isagoodhunter.
A.ofwhomB.bythatC.bywhomD.bywhich
3、Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewhatitwasgoingoninsidethehouse。
A.onwhichB.atwhichC.throughwhichD.inwhich
4、Myhometownisnolongerthesameitusedtobe。
A.likeB.thatC.asD.which
5、Theoldwomanhastwosons,oneisateacher.
A.ofwhoB.ofwhomC.ofwhichD.ofthem
6、Youcantakeanyseatisfree.
A.inwhichB.thatC.whereD.which
7、Isthereanythingtoyou?
A.thatbelongB.whichbelongs
C.thatbelongsD.thatisbelonged
8、Wehopetogetsuchatoolheisusing.
A.whereB.thatC.asD.which
9、I’vereadallthebookswereborrowedfromthelibrary.
A.theyB.whichC./D.that
10、ThisisthebesthotelinthecityIknow。
A.itB.whereC.thatD.which
11、Winteristhetimeofyearthedaysareshortandnightsarelong.
A.onwhichB.thatC.whenD.where
12、Istillrememberthedayshefirstworethatpinkdress.
A.onwhichB.onthatC.inwhichD.which
13、Doyouknowthereasonshegotsoangryyesterday?
A.whyB.whichC.forthatD.forwhy
14、Isthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecity。
A.whoseB.whichC.who’sD.who
15、Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday?
A.whichyoutalkedB.thatyoutalked
C.aboutthatyoutalkedD.youtalkedabout
16、Doyouknowtheman?
A.thatIspokeB.Ispoketo
C.towhoIspokeD.whomIspoke
17、hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules。
A.AsB.ThatC.WhatD.Which
18、Crusoe'
sdogbecameillanddied,madehimverylonely。
A.thisB.thatC.whichD.as
19、Thereisn’tsomuchnoiseinthecountryinbigcities。
A.asB.whereC.whichD.that
20、Ioftenthoughtofmychildhood,Ilivedonafarm.
A.whoB.whenC.whereD.which
21、Thenextthingmustbedoneistomakeaplan。
A.whichB.thatC.whenD./
22、Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooksinterestedhimgreatlyintheschool.
A.thatB.whenC.whoD.which
课堂练习:
1.—-—Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?
———Oh!
It'
sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher。
A。
heB.thatC。
whomD.which
Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.
A.whoB。
whichC.theyD.where
3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada。
A.whichB.whenC。
whoD。
whom
4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.
whoB.whomC。
heD.which
5.Thisistheplace________Ihaveevervisited.
A.there
B。
when
C。
where
D。
which
6。
Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.
A.thatB.whichC.whyD。
when
7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.
A.thatB。
whichC。
whereD。
why
8。
Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived。
A.whenB.whereC。
thatD。
9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.
A.whenB。
whereC。
thatD.onwhich
10。
Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman。
whoB.thatC.whoseD。
11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.
whichC.whenD。
where
12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.
inwhichB.thatC.whoseD。
13。
Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.
whichB.thatC.whenD.where
14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
15。
Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation。
thatB.whichC。
whereD.when
四。
关系代词whom,which在定语从句中作介词宾语时,可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间,有时为了关系紧凑也可以将whom与which与先行词紧挨着书写,而将介词置于定语从句的后面,如:
Thatwastheroominwhichwehadlivedfortenyears。
=Thatwastheroom
whichwehadlivedinfortenyears.
五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题:
1。
只能使用that,不用which的情况:
(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。
Allthathesaidistrue.
(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时.
Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.
(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.
Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret。
(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.
Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.
(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。
Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.
只能用which,不用that的情况:
(1)在非限制性定语从中。
Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted。
(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时。
Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance。
总结:
在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句,
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词,
引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that,as,
引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why,
关系代词在定语从句中做主语,宾语,定语,
关系副词在定语从句中做状语。
1.---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?
--—Yes,hedoes.
whichB。
whoseC。
whereD.who
—--Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.
whatD。
that
3。
———Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?
———HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.
whomB.whoC.whoseD.which
4.-—-Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle。
A.whoseB。
whomC.whichD.who
课后练习
一单项选择
Therecan’tbeanylifeonVenus,thetemperatureisashighas900℉.
there
Thereasonhediedwaslackofmedicalcare。
A.whichB.forthatC。
asD.why
Therearetimessilenceisoneofthehardestargumentstorefute。
A.whichB.whenC.whereD。
what
Wemayencountersituationsthisprinciplecannotbeapplied.
A.whereB.whichC。
thatD.what
ThisistheshopIoftenbuyfoodstuff.
A.whereB.whichC.ofwhichD.inwhich
Colin’sstruggletomakeaplaceforherselfinballetisthekindoflifestoryafascinatingnovelmightbewritten。
A.ofwhichB。
aboutwhichC.bywhomD.forwhom
7.Idon’tthinkthenumberofpeoplethishappensisverylarge。
whenB。
towhenC。
thatD.ofwhich
8.Marylivesintheroom,thedoor_____openseast.
A.ofitB.ofwhichC。
ofthatD。
whoseB
9。
Theengineer_____myfatheristalkinghasjustcomefromabroad。
withwhomB.withwhoC.withwhichD.that
Thespeakerwilltellusaboutsomewritersandtheirworks_____areknowntous.
A.whichB.thatC。
asD.who
11。
Thisisthereason_____theyareallagainsttheplan。
A.whichB。
thatC。
whyD。
12。
Itwasnotuntillateintheevening_____thetravelerfoundahotel。
asD.where
Thisis_____Icandoforyourightnow.
thatC.whatD.as
14。
All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.
thethingB.thatC。
whatD.which
Isthiscollege_____theywenttolastyear?
theoneD。
theonewhat
16。
Isthistheuniversity_____youvisitedlasttime?
A.thatoneB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat
17.Itisthefactory_____hisfatherworkedafewyearsago。
A.thatB.whichC.whereD。
18。
Itisthefactory_____hisfatherwantedtogoto.
A.thatB.theoneC.whereD。
19。
I’dliketotellyou_____Isawintheexhibition.
whichB.thatC.whatD。
/
20。
Ihopethatthelittle_____Ihavebeenabletodohasbeenofsomeuse.
forwhich
21.Who_______hascommonsensewilldosuchathing?
thatC.whoseD.whom
22._____theteacherhasannounced,schoolwillbeopenedtomorrow.
OnceB。
BecauseC.AsD。
Since
23。
Hisparentswouldn'
tlethimmarryanyone_______familywaspoor。
A。
ofwhomB。
whomC。
ofwhoseD。
whose
24.Myfatherboughtmeseveralbooks,but_____wasinteresting。
mostofthemB.noneofthemC。
noneofwhichD。
neitherofwhich
25.Doyouunderstandthetheory______?
A.thathowthelivingthingscameintobeing
howdidthelivingthingscomeintobeing
C.ofhowthelivingthingscomeintobeing
D.o