水利水文术语表中英对照Word文件下载.docx

水利水文术语表中英对照Word文件下载.docx

《水利水文术语表中英对照Word文件下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《水利水文术语表中英对照Word文件下载.docx（66页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

下渗（入渗）infiltration

稳渗steadyinfiltration

下渗能力infiltrationcapability

河川径流riverrunoff

降雨径流rainfallrunoff

暴雨径流stormrunoff

融雪径流snowmeltrunoff

枯季径流dryseasonrunoff

基流baseflow

阴塞高压blockinghigh

低空急流low－leveljet

低涡vortex

反气旋（高压）anticyclone

气旋（低压）cyclone

热带气旋tropiccyclone

热带低压tropicdepression

热带风暴tropicstorm

强热带风暴severetropicstorm

气团airmass

锋（锋面）front

气象meteorology

气候区划climaticregionalization

气候带climaticzone

小气候microclimate

副热带（亚热带）subtropiczone

比湿specifichumidity

蒲福风级Beaufortwindscale

霜点frostpoint

霜冻frostbite

无霜期frost－freeperiod

流域watershed（basin）

闭合流域enclosedbasin

不闭合流域non－enclosedbasin

闭流区（内流区）blingdrainagearea

分水线（分水岭）divide

流域几何特征basingeometriccharacteristics

河道复流（河道再生）resurgence

常年河perennialstream

间歇河intermittentstream

悬河（地上河）elevatedstream

夺流河（断头河）capturedriver

盈水河gainingstream

亏水河losingstream

暴洪河流flashystream

界河boundaryriver

废河道（古河道）deadriver

凹岸concavebank

凸岸convexbank

岸壁landwall

水边线（岸线）waterline

堤防levee

河长riverlength

河弯riverbend

弯曲率tortuosity

航道navigablechannel

河段reach

潜洲submergedbar

水利学hydraulics

明渠水力学openchannelhydraulics

水静力学hydrostatics

水动力学hydrodynamics

明渠水流openchannelflow

恒定流steadyflow

非恒定流unsteadyflow

均匀流（等速流）uniformflow

非均匀流（变速流）non－uniformflow

急流supercriticalflow

缓流subcriticalflow

异重流densitycurrent

临界流criticalflow

临界水深criticaldepth

临界流速criticalvelocity

临界流量criticaldischarge

水头head

位置水头（位能）elevationhead

低强水头（压能）pressurehead

流速水头（动能）velocityhead

雷诺数Reymoldnumber

韦伯数Webernumber

水力因素hydraulicfactor

湿周wettedperimeter

水力半径hydraulicradius

宽深比width－depthratio

落差fall

驻波standingwave

移动波translationwave

河流动力学riverdynamics

山洪侵蚀torrentialerosion

流域产沙量watershedsedimentyield

溶解性总固体totaldissolvedsolids

离子含量ionconcentration

离子总量totalionconcentration

离子流量iondischarge

矿化度mineralcontent

盐度salinity

碱度alkalinity

酸度acidity

电导率electricconductivity

混浊度（浊度）turbidity

总需氧量totaloxygendemand

溶解氧dissolvedoxygen

需氧量oxygendemand

生化需氧量biochemicaloxygendemand

滑雪需氧量chemicaloxygendemand

硬度hardness

非碳酸盐硬度（永久硬度）non－carbonatehardness

浮冰floatingice

锚冰anchorice

封冻期freeze－upperiod

封冻（封河）freeze－up

平封flatfreeze－up

立封uprightfreeze－up

冰盖icecover

连底冻groundedicecover

冰丘icemound

封冻冰缘iceedgeoffreeze－up

清沟lead

初生清沟primarylead

再生清沟secondarylead

冰花路毡sludgeroadfelt

冰上覆雪snowcoveroverice

冰脊iceridge

冰缝crack

悬冰suspendedicecover

冰堆icepack

冰塞icejam

冰上结冰aufeis

解冻期break－upperiod

冰变色colorchangeoficecover

冰上有水accumulationofmeltwater

月中天lunartransit

引潮力tidalgenerationforce

天文潮astronomictide

气象潮metorologictide

潮汐周期tidalcycle

半日潮semidiurnaltide

全日潮diurnaltide

混合潮mixedtide

大潮springtide

小潮neaptide

中潮moderatetide

太阴月lunarday

潮期durationoftide

涨潮历时durationoftidalrise

落潮历时durationoftidalfall

潮流tidalcurrent

涨潮流floodtidalcurrent

落潮流ebbtidalcurrent

憩流slacktide

潮流速tidalvelocity

往复流reversingcurrent

旋转流rotarycurrent

潮流期durationoftidalcurrent

涨潮流历时durationoffloodcurrent

地下水流速velocityofgroundwaterflow

地下水坡度（地下水水面坡度）

hydraulicgradientofgroundwater

地下水等水位线图water－tablecontourmap

含水层aquifer

含水岩系water－contentrockseries

含水岩组water－contentrockformation

含水岩性water－contentrockproperty

含水介质water－hearingmedium

均匀介质homogeneousmedium

非均匀介质inhomogeneousmedium

含水层边界aquiferboundary

透水边界permeableboundary

隔水边界confiningboundary

弱透水边界acquittedboundary

透水层permeablebed

隔水层confiningbed

弱透水层acquitter

水文地质参数hydrogeologicalparameters

渗透系数permeabilitycoefficient

导水系数（释水系数）

coefficientoftransmissivity

贮水系数storativity

水位传导系数（水力扩散系数）

coefficientofwatertableconductivity

压力传导系数

coefficientofpressureconductivity

持水度water－holdingcapacity

土壤水分常数soilmoistureconstants

土壤吸湿系数absorptioncoefficientofsoilmoisture

凋萎系数wiltingcoefficient

田间持水量fieldcapacity

毛管断裂含水量

moisturecontentatcapillaryrupture

最大水分吸水量

maximummolecularmoisturecontent

零通量面法zerofluxplanemethod

潜水phreaticwater

降水入渗补给precipitationrecharge

降水入渗补给系数coefficientofprecipitationrecharge

地表水补给surfacewaterrecharge

凝结水补给condensationrecharge

侧向补给lateralrecharge

越流补给leakagerecharge

灌溉补给系数irrigationrechargecoefficientofgroundwater

潜水蒸发phreaticwaterevaporation

潜水蒸发临界深度criticaldepthofphreaticwaterevapor