高考英语情态动词必备知识点PPT格式课件下载.ppt
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一、情态动词的定义:
情态动词是表示说话者的某种情感或语气,对情态动词是表示说话者的某种情感或语气,对某动作或状态的一种态度,表需要,允许,必某动作或状态的一种态度,表需要,允许,必须,义务,职责及推测等。
须,义务,职责及推测等。
情态动词的特点情态动词的特点n情态动词有一定的意义情态动词有一定的意义n无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化后接动词原形后接动词原形表示说话人的语气或情绪表示说话人的语气或情绪高考考什么?
请看真题show_Mum,Iveboughttenbottlesofbeerfordad._Oh.That_beenough.A.mightB.canC.shouldD.needC考情态动词词义高考真题show(09重庆)9.Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?
She_intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.mighthavebeenC考情态动词推测的用法高考真题show(09江苏)11.Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthatheitdifferently.A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressedC情态动词表虚拟的用法高考真题show(09福建).ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewonB在虚拟条件句型中的应用情态动词命题角度n1.情态动词词义情态动词词义n2.情态动词用于推测情态动词用于推测n3.虚拟语气句型的应用虚拟语气句型的应用情态动词复习三条线情态动词情态动词特定语境气态及惯用法特定语境气态及惯用法推测推测虚拟语气及相关句型的运用虚拟语气及相关句型的运用一、情态动词表推测一、情态动词表推测推测推测肯定句、否定句、疑问句肯定句、否定句、疑问句(4+4+2)n肯定句:
n否定句:
n疑问句:
可能不可能不不可能不可能一定一定must/may/might/couldcan/could/may/might+notCan/Could?
推测基础用法shown1.Idontknowwheresheis,shemaybeinWuhan.n2.-IsJohncomingbytrain?
n-Heshould,buthemaynot.Helikesdrivinghiscar.n3.Canhebeathomenow?
n4.Hecantbeathome.HehasgonetoBeijing.n5.Hemustbeathisoffice,foritstimeforwork.情态动词表推测进一步:
Itshardtosaywhatkindofpersonheis.Sometimesheisfriendly;
atothertimeshecanbeverycold.1.can在肯定句中表理论上的可能性,译为“有时会”;
2.should和oughtto表“按道理应该”;
-WhencanIcomeforthecomputer?
-ItshouldberepairedbynextMondayafternoon.情态动词表推测基本结构情态动词情态动词对现在对现在对现在正发对现在正发生的行为生的行为对过去对过去肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测mustmay,might,couldcant,couldntmay/mightnotcan,could+V.常见常见mustbe+V.+V.+V.+bedoing+bedoing+bedoing+bedoing+havedone+havedone+havedone+havedone现在-ing,意义进行中n1.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.n2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.n3.Atthismoment,ourteacher_ourexampapers.n4._ourteacher_ourexampapersatthismoment?
mustbemarkingmaybemarkingcantbemarkingCanbemarking(mark)情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)1.musthavedone:
1.Thelightswentout.Theymusthavelefttheoffice.2.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadwasquitemuddy.对过去情况有极大把握的猜测,对过去情况有极大把握的猜测,可译为可译为“一定已经一定已经”推测过去推测过去情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)2.couldhavedone1.MarymetJackattheairportyesterdayafternoon,soshe_(attend)yourlecture.2.You_(do)itbetter,butyouweretoocareless.couldhavedone过去有能力做到而实际上没有做到过去有能力做到而实际上没有做到couldnthaveattended不可能已经发生不可能已经发生推测过去推测过去虚拟虚拟情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)3.mighthavedone1.Shehasntcomeback.Shemighthavebeeneatenbythetiger.2.Shewasluckyenough.Thetigermighthaveeatenher.某事可能已经发生某事可能已经发生本来可能发生而没发生本来可能发生而没发生.推测过去推测过去虚拟虚拟情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)4.should/oughttohavedone1.You_themeetingearlier2.You_herthetruth.shouldhavecometo本该做而未做本该做而未做shouldnthavetold本不该做却做了本不该做却做了虚拟虚拟情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)5.neednthavedonenWe_ataxihere,foritwasveryneartotheschooln注意:
didntneedtodo:
nIdidntneedtocleanthewindows.Mybrotherdidit.neednthavetaken本不必做却做了本不必做却做了没必要去做(实际还没做)没必要去做(实际还没做)虚拟虚拟nIscoldedheryesterday,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.7.wouldliketohavedoneIwouldliketohavereadthearticle,butIwasverybusythen.情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)6.wouldrather(not)havedone宁愿已经做了而没做宁愿已经做了而没做/宁愿没做过却做了宁愿没做过却做了虚拟本打算做某事却没做本打算做某事却没做情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)nmusthavedonencould/mighthavedone
(2)nshould/oughttohavedonenneednthavedonenwouldratherhavedonenwouldliketohavedoneSummary:
虚拟虚拟推测过去推测过去/虚拟虚拟推测过去推测过去情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)2.couldhavedone1.MarymetJackattheairportyesterdayafternoon,soshe_yourlecture.2.You_itbetter,butyouweretoocareless.couldhavedone过去有能力做到而实际上没有做到过去有能力做到而实际上没有做到couldnthaveattended不可能已经发生不可能已经发生推测过去推测过去虚拟虚拟情完了,意更多(推测过去/虚拟)3.mighthavedone1.Shehasntcomeback.Shemighthavebeeneatenbythetiger.2.Shewasluckyenough.Thetigermighthaveeatenher.某事可能已经发生某事可能已经发生本来可能发生而没发生本来可能发生而没发生.推测过去推测过去虚拟虚拟二、特定语境气态及惯用法二、特定语境气态及惯用法特定语境下的态度和语气n1.请求两问答:
MayIcomein?
MustIdoitnow?
Yes,youmay/certainlypleaseNo,youmustnt./Pleasedont.Yes,youmustNo,youneednt./donthaveto特定语境下的态度和语气2.MayMayyousucceed.3.Must1.John,lookatthetime,mustyouplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?
2.CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum?
Oh,dear,ifyou_.must非得、偏要祝愿、特定语境下的态度和语气4.ShallShalltheyoungfellowhaveatry?
ShallIhaveasecondtry?
Youshallfailifyoudontworkharder.YoushallgooutoftheroomunlessyoustoptalkingHeshallgetariseifheworkharder.Itisthemanagementruleofourhotelthatpaymentshallbemadeincash
(1)一、三疑问表请求:
一、三疑问表请求:
(2)二、三陈述表警告、威胁和允诺:
二、三陈述表警告、威胁和允诺:
(3)法律、条文中规定法律、条文中规定5.shouldWhyshouldyoubesolatetoday?
表“竟然”特定语境下的态度和语气语气态度常见惯用法:
1.hadbetterdo(notdo)2.Cannottoo/enough再再也不为过也不为过You_whenyouaredriving.YoucantrememberenoughEnglishwords.cantbetoocareful3.canthelpbutdosth.不得不、不能不(=haveto)Icanthelpbutadmireyourcourage.语气态度常见惯用法:
4.may/mightaswell(不妨)You_(不妨做)yourpresentjobbeforeyoufindanewone.5.maywelldosth.(很可能)mightaswelldo他很可能这么说。
Hemaywellsayso.6.wouldratherdothando7.beableto(通过努力/好不容易)能够Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_getout.A.hadto