England 英国的资料Word文件下载.docx

England 英国的资料Word文件下载.docx

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vMostpopulous（makesup85%ofthecountry’swholepopulation）

vTherichestsection

vEconomic&

culturalcenter（p.2）

“WeEnglishpeopletakethistoomuchforgranted,andtendtousethewords‘England’and‘English’whenwemean‘Britain’and‘British’。

ThissometimesannoystheScotsandWelsh”

源于文档Scotland（78,760squarekilometres）

a.Threezone:

①Highlandsinthenorth:

plateau;

②CentralLowlands:

mostimportantareainScotlandwhichcontainmostoftheindustryandpopulation;

③SouthernUplands:

moorland.

vb.BenNevis（1,343m）,thehighestmountaininBritain.

c.Capital:

Edinburgh.

5.Wales（20,761squarekilometreswhichtakesuplessthan9%ofthewholeisland）

a.MostofWalesisMountainous;

b.12%ofthelandisarable;

c.Massif断层;

d.Snowdonia（1,085m）,highestmountaininWales;

e.Capital:

Cardiff.

6.NorthernIreland（14,147squarekilometreswhichtakesup1/5ofIreland）

a.Ithasarockyandwildnortherncoastline;

b.Capital:

Belfast.

NorthernIreland,alsoknownasUlster,hasapopulationofoneandahalfmillion.About1/3ofthemareRomanCatholicswhoarenotgladtoseetheunificationwithGreatBritaindominatedbyProtestantism.TheCatholicextremistsorganizedtheIrishRepublicanArmytocontinuetheirstruggle.ThegoalofIRAistoousttheEnglishandunifyN.I.withtheRepublicofIreland.Theguerrillasresorttoterroristcampaignsofbombingmurderingandarson.TheyevenlaunchedmortarattacksonLondon’sH.A.theirpoliticalwingisknownasSinnFein.ThebloodypoliticalandsectarianfightinginN.I.haspromotedBrit.andN.I.toreachanagreementknownasDowningStreetDeclarationwhichoffersSinnFeinaroleintalksonthefutureofN.I.

vWhatisIRA?

vIrishRepublicanArmy（IRA）

源于维基Establishedin1919asananti-Britishpara-militaryorganization.ThegoaloftheIRAguerrillasistodrivetheEnglishoutandunifyNorthernIrelandwiththeRepublicofIreland.IRAisaterroristorganization.TheydedicatedtotheunificationofallIrelandasacountrybymeansofterrorismandviolent.

.Climate

源于文档1.Maritime

a.Favorableone,wintersaremildnottoocoldandsummersarecoolnottoohot;

b.Steadyreliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear;

c.Smallrangeoftemperature.

3.Rainfall

a.General:

Britainhasasteadyreliablerainfallthroughoutthewholeyear.TheaverageannualrainfallinBritainisover1,000mm;

b.Character:

①Watersurplusinnorthandwest;

②Waterdeficitinsouthandeast.

c.ReservoirshavetobebuiltinhighlandareassuchasCentralWales,theLakeDistrictandtheScottishHighlands

⏹“Othercountrieshaveaclimate;

inEnglandwehaveweather.”

⏹InnocountryotherthanEngland,ithasbeensaid,canoneexperiencefourseasonsinthecourseofasingleday!

Daymaybreakasabalmyspringmorning;

anhourorsolaterblackcloudshaveappearedfromnowhereandtherainmaybepouringdown.Atmiddayconditionsmaybereallywintrywiththetemperaturedownbyabout8ormorecentigrade.Andthen,intheafternoontheskywillclear,thesunwillbegintoshine,andforanhourortwobeforedarknessfalls,itwillbesummer.

⏹

vDoesBritainhaveabroadenedculturalbackground?

Yes.NotonlyhasBritainabroadenedculturalbackgroundbutalsoithasbeentryingtokeepanexcellentpreservationoverthehistoricalbackground.

AretheBritishpeopleEuropeans?

ThismayseemastrangequestiontoAfricansandAsians,whotendtothinkofallwhitemenasEuropeans.buttheBritish,whentheyareinBritain,donotregardthemselvesasEuropeans.TheEuropeans,tothem,arethoseratherexcitableforeignersfromtheothersideoftheEnglishChannel,whohaveneverlearnthowtospeakEnglish.Europeis‘theContinent’:

aplacefullofinterestforBritishtourists,butalsothesourceofalmostallthewarsinwhichBritainhaseverbeeninvolved.Thus,althoughgeographicallyspeakingBritainisapartofEurope,yetthefactthatitisaseparateislandhasmadeitspeoplefeelvery,veryinsular.Theyfeel,andinmanywaysare,differentfromtherestofEurope,andtheysometimesannoycontinentalnationsbyfailingtosupportthem,oreventounderstandthem,intimeofneed.

WheredidtheBritishpeoplecomefrom?

Thisisanextraordinarilyinterestingquestion,sincetheyareamixtureofmanydifferentraces,andalltheseracesinvadedBritainatvarioustimesfromEurope.

.TheNormanConquest（1066）

1.Background:

KingisalsosaidtohavepromisedtheEnglishthronetoWilliam,DukeofNormandy.But,whenEdwardwasonhisdeathbed,fourmenlaidclaimtotheEn