考研英语真题文档格式.docx
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UseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
AncientGreekphilosopherAristotleviewedlaughteras“abodilyexerciseprecioustohealth.”But__1___someclaimstothecontrary,laughingprobablyhaslittleinfluenceonphysicalfitnessLaughterdoes__2___short-termchangesinthefunctionoftheheartanditsbloodvessels,___3_heartrateandoxygenconsumptionButbecausehardlaughterisdifficultto__4__,agoodlaughisunlikelytohave__5___benefitstheway,say,walkingorjoggingdoes.
__6__,insteadofstrainingmusclestobuildthem,asexercisedoes,laughterapparentlyaccomplishesthe__7__,studiesdatingbacktothe1930’sindicatethatlaughter__8___muscles,decreasingmuscletoneforupto45minutesafterthelaughdiesdown.
Suchbodilyreactionmightconceivablyhelp_9__theeffectsofpsychologicalstress.Anyway,theactoflaughingprobablydoesproduceothertypesof___10___feedback,thatimproveanindividual’semotionalstate.__11____oneclassicaltheoryofemotion,ourfeelingsarepartiallyrooted____12___physicalreactions.Itwasarguedattheendofthe19thcenturythathumansdonotcry___13___theyaresadbuttheybecomesadwhenthetearsbegintoflow.
Althoughsadnessalso____14___tears,evidencesuggeststhatemotionscanflow__15___muscularresponses.Inanexperimentpublishedin1988,socialpsychologistFritzStrackoftheUniversityofwü
rzburginGermanyaskedvolunteersto__16___apeneitherwiththeirteeth-therebycreatinganartificialsmile–orwiththeirlips,whichwouldproducea(n)__17___expression.Thoseforcedtoexercisetheirenthusiasticallytofunnycatoonsthandidthosewhosemonthswerecontractedinafrown,____19___thatexpressionsmayinfluenceemotionsratherthanjusttheotherwayaround__20__,thephysicalactoflaughtercouldimprovemood.
A1.[A]among
[B]except
[C]despite
[D]like
2.D[A]reflect
[B]demand
[C]indicate
[D]produce
B3.[A]stabilizing
[B]boosting
[C]impairing
[D]determining
C4.[A]transmit
[B]sustain
[C]evaluate
[D]observe
A5.[A]measurable
[B]manageable
[C]affordable
[D]renewable
B6.[A]Inturn
[B]Infact
[C]Inaddition
[D]Inbrief
A7.[A]opposite
[B]impossible
[C]average
[D]expected
D8.[A]hardens
[B]weakens
[C]tightens
[D]relaxes
C9.[A]aggravate
[B]generate
[C]moderate
[D]enhance
D10.[A]physical
[B]mental
[C]subconscious
[D]internal
B11.[A]Exceptfor
[B]Accordingto
[C]Dueto
[D]Asfor
A12.[A]with
[B]on
[C]in
[D]at
B13.[A]unless
[B]until
[C]if
[D]because
B14.[A]exhausts
[B]follows
[C]precedes
[D]suppresses
C15.[A]into
[B]from
[C]towards
[D]beyond
A16.[A]fetch
[B]bite
[C]pick
[D]hold
C17.[A]disappointed
[B]excited
[C]joyful
[D]indifferent
D18.[A]adapted
[B]catered
[C]turned
[D]reacted
D19.[A]suggesting
[B]requiring
[C]mentioning
[D]supposing
C20.[A]Eventually
[B]Consequently
[C]Similarly
[D]Conversely
SectionII
ReadingComprehension
PartA
Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2009.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.“Hooray!
Atlast!
”wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.
Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert’sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.”AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise.
Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.
Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,a