高中英语Unit 4 Exploring planets单元综合测评新人教版Word格式.docx

高中英语Unit 4 Exploring planets单元综合测评新人教版Word格式.docx

《高中英语Unit 4 Exploring planets单元综合测评新人教版Word格式.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高中英语Unit 4 Exploring planets单元综合测评新人教版Word格式.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

每小题2分，满分30分）

A

Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted（预测）inreactiontoclimatechange,whichcouldhavelongdamagingeffectsonfoodchainsandecosystems.

Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld,changingsomelivingpatterns,scientistssay.

Increasedcarbondioxide（CO2）intheairfromburningcoalandoilcanhaveaneffectonhowplantsproduceoxygen,whilehighertemperaturesandchangeablerainfallpatternscanchangetheirpatternsofgrowth.

“Predictingspecies'

reactiontoclimatechangeisamajorchallengeinecology，”saidtheresearchersofseveralU．S.universities.Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.

Thestudy,publishedontheNaturewebsite,usesthefindingsfromplantlifecyclestudiesandexperimentsacrossfourcontinentsand1，634species.Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated（低估）thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.

“Acrossallspecies,theexperimentsunderpredictedthespeedoftheadvance－forbothleafingandflowering－thatresultsfromtemperatureincreases，”thestudysaid.

Thedesignoffutureexperimentsmayneedtobeimprovedtobetterpredicthowplantswillreacttoclimatechange,itsaid.

PlantsarenecessaryforlifeontheEarth.Theyarethebaseofthefoodchain,usingphotosynthesis（光合作用）toproducesugarfromcarbondioxideandwater.Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.

Scientistsbelievetheworld'

saveragetemperaturehasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.

Sofar,effortstocutemissions（排放）ofplanetwarminggreenhousegasesarenotseenasenoughtopreventtheEarthheatingupbeyond2℃thiscentury－apointscientistssaywillbringthedangerofachangeableclimateinwhichweatherextremesarecommon,leadingtodrought,floods,cropfailuresandrisingsealevels.

【语篇解读】　本文为科普类文章。

文章论述了全球变暖的气候环境会让植物提前开花，进而影响整个食物链及生态系统。

1．WhatisthekeyinformationtheauthorwantstogiveinParagraph1?

A．Plants'

reactiontoweathercouldhavedamagingeffectsonecosystems.

B．Theincreasingspeedoffloweringisbeyondscientists'

expectation.

C．Climatechangeleadstothechangeoffoodproductionpatterns.

D．Foodchainshavebeenseriouslydamagedbecauseofweather.

【解析】　细节理解题。

第一段话给读者传达的主要信息存在于主句，而不是which所引导的定语从句上。

根据“Plantsarefloweringfasterthanscientistspredicted（预测）”可知，作者是要告知读者植物开花的增速超出了科学家的预期。

故选B。

A为次要信息。

【答案】　B

2．WecanlearnfromthestudypublishedontheNaturewebsitethat．

A．plants'

floweringis8.5timesfasterthanleafing

B．thereare1，634plantspeciesonthefourcontinents

C．scientistsshouldimprovethedesignoftheexperiments

D．theexperimentsfailedtopredicthowplantsreacttoclimatechange

第五段话“Itfoundthatsomeexperimentshadunderestimated（低估）thespeedoffloweringby8.5timesandleafingby4times.”暗示读者：

对于植物所设计的实验应该有所改进，故答案选C。

【答案】　C

3．Scientistspayspecialattentiontothestudyofplantsbecause．

A．theycanprovetheclimatechangeclearly

B．theyareveryimportantinthefoodchains

C．theyplayaleadingroleinreducingglobalwarming

D．theyaregrowingandfloweringmuchfasterthanbefore

【解析】　推理判断题。

根据第四段“Theysaidplantshadbeenthekeyobjectofstudybecausetheirreactiontoclimatechangecouldhaveaneffectonfoodchainsandecosystemservices.”可知植物对气候变化的反应对整个食物链和生态系统都至关重要。

故答案选B。

4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphsabouttheworld'

stemperature?

A．Ithasrisennearly0.2℃since1979.

B．Itschangewillleadtoweatherextremes.

C．Itis0.8℃higherin1979thanthatof1900.

D．Itneedstobecontrolledwithin2℃inthiscentury.

从倒数第二段“...hasrisenbyabout0.8℃since1900,andnearly0.2℃everytenyearssince1979.”可知A、C项错误；

从最后一段叙述可知，如果本世纪地球变暖超过2℃，便会出现weatherextremes。

暗示我们这个世纪地球温度的上升需要控制在2℃的范围之内。

故答案选D。

【答案】　D

B

（2015·

陕西高考）Theproductionofcoffeebeansisahuge,profitablebusiness,but,unfortunately,fullsunproductionistakingovertheindustryandbringingaboutalotofdamage.Thechangeinhowcoffeeisgrownfromshadegrownproductiontofullsunproductionendangerstheveryexistenceofcertainanimalsandbirds,andevendisturbstheworld'

secologicalbalance.

Onalocallevel,thedamageoftheforestrequiredbyfullsunfieldsaffectsthearea'

sbirdsandanimals.Theshadeoftheforesttreesprovidesahomeforbirdsandotherspecies（物种）thatdependonthetrees'

flowersandfruits.Fullsuncoffeegrowersdestroythisforesthome.Asaresult，manyspeciesarequicklydyingout.

Onamoregloballevel,thedestructionoftherainforestforfullsuncoffeefieldsalsothreatens（威胁）humanlife.Medicalresearchoftenmak