高一英语定语从句讲解精华版Word下载.doc
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关系副词有：
when,where,why.在从句充当：
先行词：
定语从句中引关系词的作用：
二、关系词的用法：
（一）关系代词的用法：
1．
Heisthemanlivesnextdoor.
ThetrainhasjustleftisforShenzhen.
2．
Themanwehavejustseenisafamouswriter.
WhereisthebookIboughtlastweek?
注：
3．
（a）Heisthemancarwasstolenlastweek.
（b）ItwasameetingimportanceIdidnotrealizeatthattime.
Theycametoahousebackwallhadbrokendown..（=）
He’swrittenabookthenameI’vecompletelyforgotten.（=）
4．作表语只用that，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。
如：
Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.
Thisisnolongerthedirtyplace（that）itusedtobe.
（二）关系副词的用法：
1．when：
time,day,morning,night,week,year
IstillrememberthetimeIfirstbecameacollegestudent.
DoyouknowthedateLincolnwasborn?
2．Whereplace,spot,street,house,room,city,town,country
Thisisthehoteltheyarestaying.
IforgetthehousetheSmithslived.
3．why
Thatisthereasonheisleavingsosoon.
（三）使用关系副词应注意下列几点：
1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构：
when=on（in,at,during…）+which;
where=in（at,on…）+which;
why=forwhich.如：
IwasinBeijingonthedaywhen（=onwhich）hearrived.
Theofficewhere（=inwhich）heworksisonthethirdfloor.
Thisisthechiefreasonwhy（=forwhich）wedidit.
2．当先行词是表时间的time,day等和表地点的place,house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that,缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较：
I’llneverforgetthedaymyhometownwasliberated.
I’llneverforgetthedayswespenttogetherlastsummer.
Hisfatherworksinafactoryradiopartsaremade.
Hisfatherworksinafactorymakesradioparts.
三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．限制性定语从句
Thisisthetelegramwhichherefersto.
Isthereanything（that）Icandoforyou?
2．非限制性定语从句
ThisnotewasleftbyTom,whowashereamomentago.
Asaboy,hewasalwaysmakingthings,mostofwhichwereelectric.
引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有：
who,whom,whose,which,when和where，不可以用that和why。
注意：
ItoldthestorytoJohn,wholaterdidittohisbrother.
=ItoldthestorytoJohn,andhelatertoldittohisbrother.
YesterdayIhappenedtoseeJohn,whowaseagertohaveatalkwithyou.
=YesterdayIhappenedtoseeJohnandhewaseagertohaveatalkwithyou.
4．先行词为整个主句或是主句中的一个部分，用which或as来引导。
Hepassedtheexam,which/ashehopedhewould.
（1）as引导的从句可以放在主句之前、中、后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后。
Theyarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.
Asisknowntoall,TaiwanisapartofChina.
（2）as常译成“就象……那样”，正如….
as的短语
Aseverybodyknows,Luxunisafamouswriter.
Luxun,aseverybodyknows,isafamouswriter.
asweallknow
asoftenhappens
asyousee
asisknowntoall
asisexpected
ashasbeensaidbefore
asIcanremember
四．关系词的选择
1．在限制性定语从句中，当先行词指物时，只能用that，不用which的情况：
（1）当先行词是all,alot,（a）little,few,much,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时。
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.
InthisfactoryIsawlittle/muchthatwasdifferentfromours.
（2）当先行词被all,anyno,much,little,few,every等限定词所修饰时。
Weheardclearlyeverywordthathesaid.
（3）当先行词是序数词或被序数词所修饰时。
Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetthetickets.
WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestomindistheWestLake.
（4）当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级所修饰，以及先行词被序数词和形容
词最高级同时修饰时，如：
Isthatthebestthatyoucando?
That’sthemostexpensivehotelthatwe’veeverstayedin.
ThisnovelisthesecondbestonethatIhaveeverread.
（5）当先行词被thevery,theonly,thenext,thelast等所修饰时。
ThisistheverybookthatIwanttofind.
（6）当先行词为指人和指物的两个并列名词词组时。
TheguestsspokehighlyofthechildrenandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.
Shedescribedinhercompositionsthepeopleandplacesthatimpressedhermost.
（7）当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Whichisthecarthatkilledtheboy?
2.在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，用who（m），而不用that的情况：
（1）当先行词是one,ones,any,few,anyone,anybody,someone,somebody,everyone,
everybody等词时。
Isthereanyonewhocananswerthisquestion?
Hewasamongthefewwhomanagedtolivethroughtheenemyprisoncamp.
（2）当先行词是he,they,those,people,person等词时。
Hewhowantstocatchfishjustnotmindgettingwet.
Thosewhoareagainsttheproposalputupyourhands.
3.在定语从句中，当先行词指人时，在下列情况中，一般用关系词that:
（1）当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Whoisthemanthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?
Whichofusthatknowsanythingdoesnotknowthis?
（2）当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词所修饰时。
Heisthegreatestmanthathaseverlived.
（3）当先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等词所修饰时。
升级会员 