定语从句教案高三复习Word下载.docx
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1.Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.
Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,that/which代指先行词machine
2.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.
Thegirlwho/thatwesawyesterdayismary.关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,who/that代指先行词thegirl
1.Thecarwhichmyunclehadjustboughtwasdestroyedintheearthquake.
2.ThisisthecitywhereIwasborn.
定义:
修饰名词或代词的从句。
先行词:
被定语从句修饰的词。
关系词/连接词:
连接主句和定语从句的连词。
引导定语从句的连接词,一定要在从句中充当成分。
关系代词(作主语/宾语/表语):
1.who/whom(that)
2.which(that)
3..that不能放在介词的后面
4.whose=ofwhich或ofwhom
5.as
关系副词(作状语):
1.where=介词+which
2.when=介词+which
3.why=for+which
4.way的特殊用法theway
helives.
thathelives.
inwhichhelives
关系词的作用:
1)连接;
2)代替先行词;
3)在定从中作成分。
一、关系代词
1.Thenumberofpeople____losthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.
A.whoB.whichC.whereD.when
1.who作定从的主语/宾语
指人
作主语时不可省略
指代先行词
2.Theboy_____wesawyesterdaywasJohn'
sbrother.
A.whomB./C.whichD.when
2.whom
作定从的宾语
可省略
3.Spielbergwonaprizeforashortfilm_____hemade.
A.whichB.whoC./D.where
3.which
作定从的主语或宾语
指物
作宾语可省略
指代先行词
4.It'
saboutabigshark____attacksswimmers___arespendingtheirholidaysinasmallvillage.
A.whereB.whoC.thatD.whichE./
4.that
指物或人
5.Spielberg,_____motherwasamusicteacher,wasbornin1946.
A.whoB.whichC.whoseD.that
5.whose
作定从的定语
不可省略
指代先行词=sb'
s/sth'
s
Ioncelivedinahouse____wasbroken.
A.whoseroofB.whichroof
C.ofwhichtheroof
D.theroofofwhich
5.whose+n=ofwhich/whomthe+n=the+n+ofwhich/whom
Herparentsdon'
twanttomarrytheirdaughtertoaman_________ispoor她父母不想把女儿嫁给一个家境贫穷的男人
关系副词和定语从句
)我仍然记得这天。
(2)在这天我来到这里。
Istillremembertheday.Icamehereontheday
=onwhich=when
Istillrememberthedaywhen/onwhichIcamehere我仍然记得(我来到这里的)那天。
1.Doyouknowthedate___Lincolnwasborn?
A.whichB.onwhich
C.whenD.where
1.when
作定从的时间状语
指时间,在从句中表示"
在...时间"
=in/on...+which
先行词为时间名词
(1)就是这所房子。
(2)我去年在这所房子住过。
Thisisthehouse.Ilivedinthehouselastyear.
Thisisthehousewhere/inwhichIlivedlastyear.就是这所(我去年住过的)房子。
2.Thefarm_____wepickedcottonwas90kilometersaway.
A.whenB.whereC.whyD.onwhich
2.where
作定从的地点状语
指地点,在从句中表示"
在...地点"
先行词为地点名词(situation,business,case,point,surroundings,environment,scene等为地点概念的名词)
1)他给了一个原因
(2)因为这个原因人们喜欢音乐。
Hegaveareason.peoplelikemusicforthereason
Hegaveareasonwhy/forwhichpeoplelikemusic
3.Idon'
tknowthereason____helooksunhappy.
A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD./
3.why
作定从的原因状语
指原因,在从句中表示"
因为...原因"
=forwhich
先行词为reason
Idisapprovethereasons____hecameupwith.
因此先行词虽然为reason,但如果连接词在从句中作主语或者宾语,则只能用that/which
4.以way为先行词的定语从句问题。
Idon'
tliketheway____hetalkedtohismother.
tliketheway____hechosetodoit.
A.thatB.inwhichC./D.how
Way(方式,方法)1.连接词如果在从句中作状语时,用that或者inwhich且可以略。
2.连接词如果在从句作主语或宾语,用that或which
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以:
主语
宾语
that
which
who
whom
何时可以省略?
做宾语时可以省略
解题方法和技巧
1.首先是确定关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中作什么成分。
若是作主语、宾语,则在关系代词中选择。
若是作状语,则在关系副词中选择。
2.其次是看先行词是人还是物;
是时间、地点还是reason,way。
1.ShelookedatJeff___waswavinghisarms.
2.Thegirl____legwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentohospital.
3.Andthereshesawawallofwater___wasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.
A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which
1、判断关系词在定从中的成分是关键;
2、再看先行词。
定语从句使用中的特殊情况
一、只能用that的情况:
1.先行词既有物又有人时。
Hespokeofthepersonsandthingsthathehadseenabroad.
2.先行词是something,anything,all,nothing等不定代词时。
IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?
3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时或者被,all,thevery,theonly,thejust修饰时。
ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
二、不用that的情况:
1.介词后禁用关系词that。
Iheardoftheman,aboutwhomhetalked.
2.非限制性定语从句。
Shewaslateagain,whichmademeunhappy.
三,介词+关系代词的问题。
介词+关系代词的情况1
Arethesetwosentencesright?
Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.
Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.
介词+关系代词的情况2
Themanwhomyouspokewasascientist.
Thecitywhichshelivesisfaraway.
介词+关系代词的情况3
Jointhefollowingsentences
Helivesinalonelyvillage.Atthebackofitisahill.
Helivesinalovelyvillage,atthebackof______isahill.
Hehasthreesisters.Allofthemareabroad.
Hehasthreesisters,allof________areabroad
3.固定动词或介词短语搭配
介词+关系代词的情况