奥鹏北京语言大学21春《阅读II》作业2docWord下载.docx

奥鹏北京语言大学21春《阅读II》作业2docWord下载.docx

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Givemeadozenhealthyinfants,well-formed,andmyownspecifiedworldtobringthemupin,"

wroteJ.B.Watson,thefatherofmodernbehaviorism,"

andI'

llguaranteetotakeanyoneatrandomandtrainhimtobeanytypeofspecialistImight-doctor,lawyer,artist,merchant,chief,andyes,evenbeggarmanandthief!

"

Theimageofthevulnerablechildcallsforgentleparentswhoaresensitivetotheirchild'

sinner-mostthoughtsandfeelingsinordertoprotecthimfromtrauma.Theimageofthemalleablechildrequiresstemparentswhocoollyfollowthedictatesoftheirownexplicittrainingprocedures:

onlytheearlyeradicationofbadhabitsineating,sleeping,crying,canfendoffpermanentmaladjustments.问题：

Agoodtitlefortheabovepassageis（）

A.TwoModelsofParenting 

B.Twochildimages 

C.TheroleofPygmalions 

D.J.B.Watsonandhismodernbehaviorism 

【参考答案】:

A

2.Newmeasurementstakenfromsleepingpeopleexplain,atleastinpart,whydreamstendtohavesuchbizarrebutvividstorylines.ThefindingsdealablowtotheFreudianinterpretationofdreamsbutleaveopenthepossibilitythatsomeusefulpersonalmeaningcanbeextractedfromthem.Themainpurposeofdreams,however,theauthorsofthenewstudybelieve,istotestwhetherthebrainhashadenoughsleepand,ifso,towakeitup.Thenewresultsshowthatinsleep,thefrontallobesofthebrainareshutdown.Intheabsenceofactivityintheselobes,whichintegrateotherinformationandmakesenseoftheoutsideworld,thesleepingbrain'

simagesaredrivenbyitsemotionalcenters.Thecontentofthesedreamsmaybevividandgrippingbutlackscoherence.Thenewresultsareconsistentwiththetheorythatmemoriesareconsolidatedduringsleep.Fromthepatternofactivitythatwasrecorded,"

itseemsthatmemoriesalreadyinthesystemarebeingreadoutandfiledintermsoftheiremotionalsalience,withisanextremelyinterestingidea,"

saidDr.J.AllanHobsonofHarvardMedicalSchool.ThenewmeasurementsweremadebyapplyingthetechniqueknownasPETscanningtosleepingsubjects.Thebiologistsfocusedonthetwoformsofsleep,knownasslow-wavesleepandREMsleep.REMsleep,sonamedbecauseoftherapideyeballmovementsthatoccurthen,takespalceaboutfourtimesduringthenightandisthephasefromwhichthemostvividdreamsarerecalled.问题：

TheresearchersfocusonREMsleepbecause（）

A.ithasrapideyeballmovements 

B.ittakesplaceaboutfourtimesduringthenight 

C.duringREMsleepthecontentofthedreamsiscoherent 

D.itisthephasefromwhichthemostvividdreamsarerecalled 

D

3.GeorgeAshmoreFitchwasborninSoochow,Chinain1883,thesonofPresbyterianmissionariesGeorgeF.andMaryMcLllanFitch.AfterreceivinghisB.A.fromWoosterCollegein1906,FitchattendedUnionTheologicalSeminaryinNewYork.Hewasmadeapriestin1909andreturnedtoworkinShanghai.WhentheNankingMassacreoccurred,Fitchwasoneofthewitnessesofthecrime.HequicklybecameactiveinassistingtheInternatinalCommittenfortheNankingSafetyZone.Fitch'

sdiaryofeventsofNankingwascarriedtoShanghaibythefirstpersonabletoleavetheNankingafteritsoccupationbytheJapaneseonDecember13,1937.AsFitchhaswritten,"

MystorycreatedasensationinShanghai,foritwasthefirstnewsofwhathadhappenedinthecapitalsinceitsevacuation,anditwascopiedandmimeographedandwidelydistributedthere."

Fitch'

sNankingdiaryhasbeenpublishedpreviouslybuttheversionofhisdiaryavailableintheYalecollectiondiffersslightlyfromthewell-publicizedversion,soexcerptsfromithavebeenincludedinthisvolume.In1938FitchtraveledthroughouttheUnitedStatesgivingtalksabouttheNankingMassacreandshowingfilmstodocumentit.HereturnedtoworkfirstinChinaandtheninKoreaandChina'

sTaiwanuntilhisretirementin1961.问题：

WhentheNankingMassacreoccurred,Fitch（）

A.wasinShanghai 

B.sawthecrimewithhisowneyes 

C.becamethefirstpersonabletoleaveNanking 

D.wasabletolettheworldknowabouttheeventimmediately 

B

4.Atthe1908OlympicsinLondontheMarathonracewasheldonaveryhotday.TheracestartedatWindsorCastle,oneofthehomesoftheRoyalFamily,sothattheRoyalchildren