笔译理论复习资料docxWord格式文档下载.docx

笔译理论复习资料docxWord格式文档下载.docx

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1.Accuracy（准确）一Atermusedintranslationevaluationtorefertotheextenttowhichatranslationmatchesitsoriginal.

2.Adaptation（改编）一Atermtraditionallyusedtorefertoanytargettextinwhichaparticularlyfreetranslationstrategyhasbeenadopted.Thetermusuallyimpliesthatconsiderablechangeshavebeenmadeinordertomakethetextmoresuitableforaspecificaudienceorfortheparticularpurposebehindthetranslation.

3.Agent（经纟己人）一Atermusedtorefertothepersonwhois"

inanintermediarypositionbetweenatranslatorandanenduserofatranslation55.

4.Autotranslation（自译）一Atermusedtorefertothetranslationofanoriginalworkintoanotherlanguagebytheauthorhim-/her/self.

5.Back-translation（回译）一Atermusedtorefertoaprocessinwhichatextwhichhasbeentranslatedintoagivenlanguageisretranslatedintothesourcetext.

6.Caique（仿造；

彳昔译）一Atermusedtodenotetheprocesswherebytheindividualelementsofansourcelanguageitemaretranslatedliterallytoproduceatargetlanguageequivalent.

7.Closetranslation（贝占近翻译）一Atermusedtorefertotranslationstrategieswhichfavorexactcon^espondencebetweenthesourcelanguageandtargetlanguagelinguisticunitsoveranemphasisonconveyingtheoverallmeaningorspiritofthesourcetext.

8.Commission（委托）-Atermedusedtorefertothespecificationswhichthetranslatorworkswithwhenproducingatargettext.

9.Communicativetranslation（交际翻译；

传意翻译）一atermusedtorefertoanyapproachwhichviewstranslationasa"

communicativeprocesswhichtakesplacewithinasocialcontext”.

10.Correspondence（对应）一Atermusedtorefertotherelationshipwhichexistsbetweenelementsofsourcelanguageandtargetlanguageinsomewayconsideredtobecounterpartsofeachother.

11.CulturalboiTowing（文化借用）一Atermusedtodescribethetypeofculturaltranspositioninwhichansourcelanguageexpressionistransferredverbatimintothetargetlanguagebecauseitisnotpossibletotranslateitbyasuitabletargetlanguageequivalent.

12.Culturalsubstitution（文化替换）一Atermusedtorefertotheuseofarealworldreferentfromthereceptorcultureforanunknownreferentoftheoriginal,bothofthereferentshavingthesamefunction.

13.Directtranslation（直接翻译）一atermusedtorefertothetypeoftranslationprocedureinwhichaTTisproduceddirectlyfromtheoriginalST,ratherthanviaanother,intermediatetranslationinanotherlanguage.

14.Documentarytranslation（文献型翻译）-Atermusedtorefertothetranslationwhichservesas“adocumentof[asourceculture]communicationbetweentheauthorandthesourcetextrecipient^.Thusinthistypeoftranslationthetargettextrecipientbecomesamereobserverofa“pastcommunicativeaction"

asthesourcetext（orpossiblyonlycertainaspectsofthesourcetext）isreproducedwithoutanyattempttomakeadjustmentsinthelightofthetargetcontexts.WORD-FOR-WORDandothertypesofLITERARLtranslation,aswellas"

exoticisingtranslation^whichtriestopreservethe"

localcolor，，ofthesourcetext,areallexamplesofdocumentarytranslation;

whatallsuchtypesoftranslationhaveincommonisthattheyfocusoncertainaspectsorfeaturesofthesourcetext,whileignoringothers.

15.Domesticatingtranslation（归化翻译；

归化）一Atermusedtodescribethetranslationstrategyinwhichatransparent,fluentstyleisadoptedinordertominimizethestrangenessoftheforeigntextforthetargetlanguagereaders.

16.Dynamicequivalence（动态刘•等）一Atermusedtorefertothequalityoftranslationwhichcharacterizesatranslationinwhichthemessageoftheoriginaltexthasbeensotransportedintothereceptorlanguagethattheresponseofthereceptorisessentiallylikethatoftheoriginalreceptors.

17.Equivalence（刘•等）-Atermusedtodescribethenatureandtheextentoftherelationshipswhichexistbetweensourcelanguageandtargetlanguagetextsorsmallerlinguisticunits.

18.Faithfulness（忠实）一Atermusedtorefertotheextenttowhichatargettextcanbeconsideredafaircorrespondenceofsourcetextaccordingtosomecriterion.

19.Fidelity（忠实）-Atermusedtorefertotheextenttowhichatargettextcanbeconsideredafaircorrespondenceofsourcetextaccordingtosomecriterion.

20.Foreignizingtranslation（异化翻译；

异化）-Atermusedtorefertothetypeoftranslationinwhichatargettextisproducedwhichdeliberatelybreakstargetconventionsbyretainingsomethingoftheforeignnessoftheoriginal.

21.Formalequivalence（形式对等）一Atermusedtorefertothequalityofatranslationinwhichthefeaturesoftheformofthesourcetexthavebeenmechanicallyreproducedinthereceptorlanguage・

22.Freetranslation（意译）-Atermusedtorefertosense-for-sensetranslation.

23.Gisttranslation（要旨翻译）一Atermusedtorefer