全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析.docx

《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析.docx（9页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析

20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析

20XX年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Redthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）forechnumberedblnkndmrk,B,CorDonNSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Reserchonnimlintelligencelwysmkesmewonderjusthowsmrthumnsre.1the

fruit-flyexperimentsdescribedinCrlZimmer'spieceintheScienceTimesonTuesdy.Fruitflies

whoweretughttobesmrterthnthevergefruitfly2toliveshorterlives.Thissuggeststht3bulbsburnlonger,thtthereisn4innotbeingtooterrificllybright.Intelligence,it5out,ishigh-pricedoption.Ittkesmoreupkeep,burnsmorefuelndisslow6thestrtinglinebecuseitdependsonlerning—grdul7—instedofinstinct.Plentyofotherspeciesrebletolern,ndoneofthethingsthey'vepprentlylernediswhento8.Istherendptivevlueto9intelligence?

Tht'sthequestionbehindthisnewreserch.Ilikeit.Instedofcstingwistfulglnce10tllthespecieswe'veleftinthedustI.Q.-wise,itimplicitlyskswhttherel11ofourownintelligencemightbe.Thisis12themindofeverynimlI'veevermet.

Reserchonnimlintelligencelsomkesmewonderwhtexperimentsnimlswould13onhumnsiftheyhdthechnce.Everyctwithnowner,14,isrunningsmll-sclestudyinoperntconditioning.webelievetht15nimlsrnthelbs,theywouldtestusto16thelimitsofourptience,ourfithfulness,ourmemoryforterrin.Theywouldtrytodecidewhtintelligenceinhumnsisrelly1,notmerelyhowmuchofitthereis.18

tostudy19question:

rehumnsctullywreoftheworldtheylivein?

20theresults

reinconclusive.

1.[]Suppose[B]Consider[C]Observe[D]Imgine

2.[]tended[B]fered[C]hppened[D]thretened

3.[]thinner[B]stbler[C]lighter[D]dimmer

4.[]tendency[B]dvntge[C]inclintion[D]priority

5.[]insistson[B]sumsup[C]turnsout[D]putsforwrd

6.[]off[B]behind[C]over[D]long

7.[]incredible[B]spontneous[C]inevitble[D]grdul

8.[]fight[B]doubt[C]stop[D]think

9.[]invisible[B]limited[C]indefinite[D]different

10.[]upwrd[B]forwrd[C]fterwrd[D]bckwrd

11.[]fetures[B]influences[C]results[D]costs

12.[]outside[B]on[C]by[D]cross

13.[]deliver[B]crry[C]perform[D]pply

14.[]bychnce[B]incontrst[C]susul[D]forinstnce

15.[]if[B]unless[C]s[D]lest

16.[]moderte[B]overcome[C]determine[D]rech

17.[]t[B]for[C]fter[D]with

18.[]bovell[B]fterll[C]However[D]Otherwise

19.[]fundmentl[B]comprehensive[C]equivlent[D]hostile

20.[]Byccident[B]Intime[C]Sofr[D]Betterstill

SectionIIRedingComprehension

Prt

Directions:

Redthefollowingfourtexts.nswerthequestionsbelowechtextbychoosing,B,CorD.MrkyournswersonNSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Hbitsrefunnything.Werechforthemmindlessly,settingourbrinsonuto-pilotndrelxingintotheunconsciouscomfortoffmilirroutine."Notchoice,buthbitrulestheunreflectingherd,"WillimWordsworthsidinthe19thcentury.Intheever-chnging21stcentury,eventheword"hbit"crriesnegtiveconnottion.

Soitseemsntitheticltotlkbouthbitsinthesmecontextscretivityndinnovtion.Butbrinreserchershvediscoveredthtwhenweconsciouslydevelopnewhbits,wecreteprllelsynpticpths,ndevenentirelynewbrincells,thtcnjumpourtrinsofthoughtontonew,innovtivetrcks.

Butdon'tbothertryingtokilloffoldhbits;oncethoserutsofprocedurerewornintothehippocmpus,they'retheretosty.Insted,thenewhbitswedelibertelyingrinintoourselvescreteprllelpthwysthtcnbypssthoseoldrods.

"Thefirstthingneededforinnovtionisfscintionwithwonder,"sysDwnMrkov,uthorof"TheOpenMind"ndnexecutivechngeconsultntforProfessionlThinkingPrtners."Butweretughtinstedto'decide,'justsourpresidentcllshimself'theDecider.'"Shedds,however,tht"todecideistokilloffllpossibilitiesbutone.goodinnovtionlthinkerislwysexploringthemnyotherpossibilities."

llofusworkthroughproblemsinwysofwhichwe'reunwre,shesys.Reserchersinthelte1960coveredththumnsrebornwiththecpcitytopprochchllengesinfourprimrywys:

nlyticlly,procedurlly,reltionlly（orcollbortively）ndinnovtively.tpuberty,however,thebrinshutsdownhlfofthtcpcity,preservingonlythosemodesofthoughtththveseemedmostvlubleduringthefirstdecdeorsooflife.

Thecurrentemphsisonstndrdizedtestinghighlightsnlysisndprocedure,meningthtfewofusinherentlyuseourinnovtivendcollbortivemodesofthought."Thisbreksthemjorruleinthemericnbeliefsystem—thtnyonecndonything,"explinsM.J.Ryn,uthorof

the20XXbook"ThisYerIWill..."ndMs.Mrkov'sbusinessprtner."Tht'sliethtwehveperpetuted,nditfosterscommonness.Knowi