初三英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题Word格式文档下载.doc
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㈢应用
⑴在含有条件状语从句的复合句中的应用。
表示纯粹的假设,或可能性很小的情
况。
主从句的谓语动词主要形式如下:
从句
主句
对现在或将来的情况假设时
过去式
would
+
动词原形
对过去的情况假设时
had
done(过去完成时)
have
done
例:
1)If
I
were
you,
I’d
wear
a
shirt
and
tie.
2)What
you
do
if
million
dollars
?
3)If
come
few
minutes
earlier,
met
him.
4)If
he
hadn’t
been
strict
with
himself,
wouldn’t
made
such
progress.
⑵在wish等宾语从句中的应用。
表示纯粹的主观愿望,不可能实现的,或实现的可能性极小的情况。
宾语从句谓语动词根据具体情况常可用一般过去时,过去将来时或过去完成时等。
例如:
1)I
wish
that
could
help
him
now.
我现在要是能帮上他该多好啊!
或我多么希望现在能帮上他!
(言下之意:
我现在帮不上他,没能力帮助他)
2)I
here
tomorrow.
明天我要是能来这儿就好了!
我明天根本不可能来这儿,或我明天能来这儿的可能性很小)
3)We
gone.
他要是没有走该多好啊!
⑶用在suggest等的宾语从句中,表是纯粹的建议。
句型为:
suggest(ed)
…
(should)
动词原形…
(should可省略)
1)He
suggests
we
visit
the
museum.
2)We
suggested
_____
every
day.
A.
B.
comes
C.
came
D.
can
E.
虚拟语气的几种特殊用法
1.省掉if的条件从句结构:
Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.
(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)
2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示,如:
Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.
(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)
(=Iftherewerenowater,…)
(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,…)
例句:
Withoutyouradvice,ourmeetingwouldn’thavebeensosuccessfully.[过去]
(=>
可转换为:
Iftherehadn’tbeenyouradvice,we…)
Yournotesarealmostillegible(难以辨认的).Notestypedoutwouldbealoteasiertoread.[将来]
可转换为:
Ifthenoteshadbeentypedout,itwouldbealoteasiertoread.)
IshouldhavegonetoseeDr.Smithandhemighthavecuredmeofthedisease.[过去]
IfhehavegonetoseeDr.Smith,he..)
3.
有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致,如:
Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.
IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome.
五、虚拟语气的其他用法
1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气,其句子结构如下:
suggest,advise,recommend,demand,
require,insist,urge,request,order,
+that…(should)+动词原形
devide,ask,move,propose等
注意:
在此结构中that不可省略;
should省不省均可。
Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.
上述动词的名词形式出现时,that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。
Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.
如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实,也可用陈述语气。
Heinsiststhatheisright.
2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气,其句子结构如下:
imperative,advisable,
动词完成式
Itis(was)+important,natural,necessary,+that…(should)+
essential,strange,等动词原形
Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.
Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework.
3、wish的用法
动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反
主语+wish(that)+主语+
动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反
助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反
IwishIwereapopsinger.
(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)
IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.
(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)
Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.
wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于:
hope表示一般可以实现的希望,宾语从句用陈述语气。
wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。
试比较:
(1)Wehopetheywillcome,(Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.)
(2)Wewishtheycouldcome,(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.)
4、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气,如:
Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.
Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim.
5、It’s(high)timethat…+动词过去式或should+动词原形,如:
It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.
It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.
虚拟语气专项练习题
(1).IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.
A.be
B.was
C.were
D.am
(2).IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,they____speakwithFrenchaccents.
A.don'
t
B.willnot
C.mustn'
t
D.wouldn'
t
(3)
_____today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?
A.Wereweleaving
B.Ifweleave
C.Wouldweleave
D.Werewetoleave
(4).IfJone____tomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?
A.werenottocome
B.willnotcome
C.wouldnotcome
D.hadnotcome
(5).“Shedidn'
taskme,soIdidn'
thelpher?
”
“Youmeantosay_____,youwould'
vehelpedher?
A.ifsheaskedyou
B.ifsheweretoaskyou
C.hadsheaskedyou
C.wereshetoaskyou
(6).Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.Otherwisesomeofthem_____.
A.mighthavedied
B.mightdie
C.woulddieD.coulddie
(7).Iftheyhadknownhim,
_____tohim?
A.wouldtheyhavetalked
B.wouldtheytalk
C.hadtheytalked
D.theywouldtalk
(8).IfIlivedinthec