2015整理被动语态讲解及练习(附答案)Word格式.doc
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二:
我们初中主要掌握前面四种的用法
时态动词的被动形式 例 句
一般现在时isdone Heisaskedtodothis.
一般过去时wasdone Thestorywastoldbyhermother.
一般将来时willbedone Theproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.
现在进行时isbeingdone Thenovelisbeingwritten.
过去进行时wasbeingdone Atthattimethedeskwasbeingmade.
现在完成时hasbeendone Thehousehasbeenbuilt.
过去完成时hadbeendone Theysaidthattheirworkhadbeenfinished.
过去将来时wouldbedone Hesaidthetreeswouldbeplantedsoon.
三、被动语态的各种句型:
1、Thesongislikedbyyoungpeople.(肯定句)
2、Thesongisn’tlikedbyyoungpeople (否定句)
3、Isthesonglikedbyyoungpeople?
(一般疑问句)
4、Whoisthesonglikedby?
=Bywhomisthesongliked?
(特殊疑问句)
四、主动语态改被动语态的方法:
方法分为三步:
⑴把原句中的宾语改成主语
⑵动词改为变动形式bedone(同时注意时态)
⑶原来的主语如果需要的话放在介词by后面,以指明做事的
人或物,如果没有必要则省去
Themankilledatiger.
→Atigerwaskilledbytheman.(改的过程中要注意时态和语态两个方面)
五、特殊句型的被动语态:
1含有使役动词(make/let/have)或感官动词(hear,see,listento,lookat,find,watch,feel等)的句子,在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式,但是在改成被动语态时,则一定要把省去的to再加上去,另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。
①Motheroftenmakesmedosomehousework.
→Iamoftenmadetodosomehouseworkbymother.
②Wesawhimrunintotheclassroom.
→Hewasseentorunintotheclassroombyus.
带省to的不定式作宾补的被动语态:
动词+sb+dosth.
口诀:
感使动词真叫怪,to来to去记心怀,主动语态to离去,被动语态to回来。
动词:
make/let/have/see/hear/feel/watch
makesbdosth----sb+be+made+todosth
Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday
Theworkers__________________workalldaybytheboss.
2.带双宾语的被动语态:
teach,give,pass,show,buy,tell
①Shegavemeapen.=Shegaveapentome.
→Iwasgivenapenbyher.
→Apenwasgiventomebyher.
②Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.=Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme.
→Iwasboughtanewbikebymyfather.
→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.
动词+sb(间宾)+sth(直宾)
如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to/for间宾连。
1).give/pass/show与介词to搭配。
givesbsth——sb+begivensth或sth+begiven+tosb.
2).buy/make/cook与介词for搭配。
buysbsth——sb+bebought+sth或sth+bebought+forsb
Hegavemeabook
I_______________abookbyhim.Abook_________________mebyhim.
Mymothermademeacake.
I____________acakebymymotherAcake_____________mebymymother.
3由不及物动词(vi)+介词/副词+宾语的句子改成被动语态时,介词或副词不能丢掉。
例:
①Weshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.
→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely(byus).
②Hetookawaythebox..
→Theboxwastakenawaybyhim.
4.see/hear/notice/keep+sb+doingsth句型中变被动语态时doing不变。
IheardTomsingingjustnowTom__________________bymejustnow.
5.以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。
Weshouldtakecareoftheold.Theoldshould________________________.
有些词组没有被动语态:
sellwell,writewell,ridewell,drivewellwashwell
六、没有被动语态的动词:
1.没有被动语态的词,表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit等没有被动形式,另外,诸如happen=takeplace,breakout(爆发),breakdown(坏了)等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom(缘于),belongto,consistof等只用主动语态,而不用被动语态
2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:
appear, die,disappear,end(vi.结束),fail,last,lie,remain,sit,spread(传播),stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...
3.大多数系动词:
be,feel(摸起来),sound(听起来),look(看起来),
smell(闻起来)taste(尝起来)等词无被动语态,它们的主动形式表示被动意义。
①Theskirtfeelsverysoft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。
②Manychangeshavehappenedinourhometown.
③Thefilmlastedfor3hours.
一、单项选择:
()1.English____inCanada.
A.speaks B.arespoken C.isspeaking D.isspoken
()2.ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.
A.oftensings B.oftensang C.isoftensang D.isoftensung
()3.Thiskindofcar___inJapan.
A,makes B.made C.ismaking D.ismade
()4.Newcomputers___allovertheworld.
A.isused B.areusing C.areused D.haveused
()5.Ourroommust___clean.
A.keep B.bekept C.tobekept D.tokeep
()6.Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.
A.isbuilding B.isbeingbuilt C.beenbuilt D.bebuilding
()7.Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.
A.need B.areneeding C.areneeded D.willneed
()8.Japanese___ineverycountry.
A.isnotspoken B.arespoken C.isspeaking D.isnotspeaking
()9.Thesepapers___yet.
A.havenotwritten B.havenotbeenwritten
C.hasnotwritten D.hasnotbeenwritten
()10.Thesportsmeeting___beheldun