全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一真题.docx

全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一真题.docx

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全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一真题

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语

（一）

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET.（10Points）

Asmanypeoplehitmiddleage,theyoftenstarttonoticethattheirmemoryandmentalclarityarenotwhattheyusedtobe.Wesuddenlycan’tremember

（1）weputthekeysjustamomentago,oranoldacquaintance’sname,orthenameofanoldbandweusedtolove.Asthebrain

（2）,werefertotheseoccurrencesas“seniormoments.”（3）seeminglyinnocent,thislossofmentalfocuscanpotentiallyhavea（an）（4）impactonourprofessional,social,andpersonal（5）.

Neuroscientists,expertswhostudythenervoussystem,areincreasinglyshowingthatthere’sactuallyalotthatcanbedone.It（6）outthatthebrainneedsexerciseinmuchthesamewayourmusclesdo,andtherightmental（7）cansignificantlyimproveourbasiccognitive（8）.Thinkingisessentiallya（9）ofmakingconnectionsinthebrain.Toacertainextent,ourabilityto（10）inmakingtheconnectionsthatdriveintelligenceisinherited.（11）,becausetheseconnectionsaremadethrougheffortandpractice,scientistsbelievethatintelligencecanexpandandfluctuate（12）mentaleffort.

Now,anewWeb-basedcompanyhastakenitastep（13）anddevelopedthefirst“braintrainingprogram”designedtoactuallyhelppeopleimproveandregaintheirmental（14）.

TheWeb-basedprogram（15）youtosystematicallyimproveyourmemoryandattentionskills.Theprogramkeeps（16）ofyourprogressandprovidesdetailedfeedback（17）yourperformanceandimprovement.Mostimportantly,it（18）modifiesandenhancesthegamesyouplayto（19）onthestrengthsyouaredeveloping—muchlikea（n）（20）exerciseroutinerequiresyoutoincreaseresistanceandvaryyourmuscleuse.

1.[A]where[B]when[C]that[D]why

2.[A]improves[B]fades[C]recovers[D]collapses

3.[A]If[B]Unless[C]Once[D]While

4.[A]uneven[B]limited[C]damaging[D]obscure

5.[A]wellbeing[B]environment[C]relationship[D]outlook

6.[A]turns[B]finds[C]points[D]figures

7.[A]roundabouts[B]responses[C]workouts[D]associations

8.[A]genre[B]functions[C]circumstances[D]criterion

9.[A]channel[B]condition[C]sequence[D]process

10.[A]persist[B]believe[C]excel[D]feature

11.[A]Therefore[B]Moreover[C]Otherwise[D]However

12.[A]accordingto[B]regardlessof[C]apartfrom[D]insteadof

13.[A]back[B]further[C]aside[D]around

14.[A]sharpness[B]stability[C]framework[D]flexibility

15.[A]forces[B]reminds[C]hurries[D]allows

16.[A]hold[B]track[C]order[D]pace

17.[A]to[B]with[C]for[D]on

18.[A]irregularly[B]habitually[C]constantly[D]unusually

19.[A]carry[B]put[C]build[D]take

20.[A]risky[B]effective[C]idle[D]familiar

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,C,D.MarkyourchoiceonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

Inorderto“changelivesforthebetter”andreduce“dependency,”GeorgeOsborne,ChancelloroftheExchequer,introducedthe“upfrontworksearch”scheme.OnlyifthejoblessarriveatthejobcentrewithaCVregisterforonlinejobsearch,andstartlookingforworkwilltheybeeligibleforbenefit—andthentheyshouldreportweeklyratherthanfortnightly.Whatcouldbemorereasonable?

Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker’sallowance.“Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.”heclaimed.“We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplestayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster”Help?

Really?

Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsideslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamentalfairness”—protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.

Losingajobishurting:

youdon’tskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinanciallyterrifying,psychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:

ajob.

ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency—permanentdependencyifyoucangetit—supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough2