中考英语单词分类速记八套文档格式.docx
《中考英语单词分类速记八套文档格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《中考英语单词分类速记八套文档格式.docx(38页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
fight-fought-fought catch-caught-caught teach-taught-taught
(3)eep变ept或过去式、过去分词含有/e/音的动词
keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept sweep-swept-swept leave-left-left
say-said-said meet-met-met spell-spelt-spelt
smell-smelt/smelled-smelt/smelled hold-held-held feel-felt-felt
(4)其他
dig-dug-dug find-found-found stand-stood-stood
understand-understood-understood get-got-got sit-sat-sat
spoil-spoilt-spoilt have/has-had-had sell-sold-sold tell-told-told hang-hanged/hung-hanged/hung hear-heard-heard make-made-made
pay-paid-paid lay-laid-laid lie(说谎)-lied-lied lose-lost-lost
shine-shone/shined-shone/shined win-won-won shoot-shot-shot
5.A-B-C型(现在式、过去式和过去分词都不相同)
(1)in、im的变化(i-a-u型)
sing-sang-sung ring-rang-rung begin-began-begun
drink-drank-drunk swim-swam-swum sink-sank-sunk
(2)在动词原形后加-n或-en构成过去分词
①ow及aw的变化(过去式以ew结尾,过去分词以wn结尾)
draw-drew-drawn know-knew-known throw-threw-thrown
blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown fly-flew-flown
②元音是i的开音节的变化(过去分词以en结尾)
drive-drove-driven rise-rose-risen ride-rode-ridden
write-wrote-written give-gave-given
③其他
see-saw-seen eat-ate-eaten take-took-taken fall-fell-fallen freeze-froze-frozen show-showed-shown break-broke-broken
speak-spoke-spoken wake-woke-woken choose-chose-chosen
forget-forgot-forgotten lie(躺,放)-lay-lain wear-wore-worn
be(am,is,are)-was/were-been
(3)其他
go-went-gone do-did-done
6.有过去式,没有过去分词的动词
can-could may-might must-must shall-should will-would
不规则名词复数形式
1.以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数
(1)加-s,如:
belief-beliefs roof-roofs gulf-gulfs
(2)去f,fe加-ves,如:
half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves life-lives wolf-wolves
thief-thieves self-selves wife-wives shelf-shelves
歌诀记忆:
树叶(leaf)半数(half)自己(self)黄;
妻子(wife)拿刀(knife)去割粮;
架(shelf)后窜出一匹狼(wolf);
就像小偷(thief)逃命(life)亡。
这9个名词变复数时,都要改-f(e)为v,再加-es,其他的以-f(e)结尾的名词则直接加-s变复数。
2.以-o结尾的名词,变复数
(1)加s,如:
photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos kilo-kilos
(2)加es,如:
potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes Negro-Negroes hero-heroes
黑人(Negro)和英雄(hero)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和马铃薯(potato)。
除了这四个以-o结尾的名词加-es外,其余的以-o结尾的名词加-s。
3.表示“国家”的名词变复数
Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese Englishman-Englishmen
Frenchman-Frenchmen German-Germans Russian-Russians Indian-Indians
Canadian-Canadians American-Americans
中(Chinese)日(Japanese)不变,英(Englishman)法(Frenchman)变,其余后面(如German等)加s。
4.以复数形式出现的名词
scissors剪刀 goods货物 trousers/pants/shorts裤子 clothes衣服
glasses眼镜
5.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词
(1)maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
(2)news是不可数名词。
(3)theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations应视为单数。
6.由man和woman构成的合成名词,两个构成部分都要变成复数
如:
manworker-menworkers(男工人)
womandoctor-womendoctors(女医生)
7.以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es。
例如:
baby-babies city-cities story-stories party-parties lady-ladies
diary-diaries army-armies century-centuries copy-copies
8.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加-es,如:
class-classes box-boxes watch-watches speech-speeches bus-buses brush-brushes bench-benches beach-beaches boss-bosses
church-churches
9.其他不规则变化
man-men woman-women goose-geese foot-feet tooth-teeth
child-children fish-fish deer-deer sheep-sheep mouse-mice
fisherman-fishermen
男人(man)?
女人(woman)?
a变e,鹅(goose)?
足(foot)?
牙(tooth)?
oo变ee。
孩子(child)加上ren,鱼(fish)?
鹿(deer) 绵羊(sheep)不用变。
[注]fish指鱼的种类时,要加上-es构成其复数;
当指鱼的条数时,单复数同形;
指鱼肉时,为不可数名词。
不规则形容词副词比较级与最高级
原级 比较级 最高级
bad
worse
worst
badly
far
farther
farthest
further
furthest
good
better
best
ill
late
later
latest
little
less
least
many
more
most
much
old
older
elder
oldest
eldest
well
中考英语单词分类速记—常见标志说明
一、公共场所常用标志
1.BUSINESSHOURS 营业时间
2.OFFICEHOURS 办公时间
3.OPEN 正在营业
4.CLOSED 停止营业
5.PULL 拉
6.PUSH 推
7.NOSMOKING 请勿吸烟
8.NOPARKING 请勿停放车辆
9.NOPHOTOS 禁止拍照
10.ENTRANCE 入口
11.EXIT 出口
12.DANGER 危险
13.WetPaint 油漆未干
14.LostandFound 失物招领处
15.SafetyFirst 安全第一
16.EMS (邮政)特快专递
17.SOS 紧急求救信号
18.NoLitter 请勿乱扔杂物
19.HandsOff 请勿用手摸
20.KeepSilence 保持安静
21.OnSale 削价出售
22.BikePark(ing) 自行车存车处
23.ChildrenandWomenFirst 妇女、儿童优先
24.SaveFood 节约粮食
25.SaveEnergy 节约能源
26.KeepAwayFromFire 切勿近火
27.KeepDry 保持干燥
28.Cafe 咖啡馆、小餐馆
29.Bar 酒吧
30.KEEPOFFTHEGRASS 勿踏草地
二、商品说明用语
31.On 开
32.Off 关
33.Pause 暂停
34.Stop 关