高考英语易错语法点专题一名词解析版Word格式.docx
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artificial
intelligence
has
already
made
a(n)
___________on
our
lives
in
many
ways.
statement
C.
impression
B.
impact
D.
judgment
4.6.
天津】
The__________
there
life
other
planets
in
universe
always
inspired
scientists
to
explore
outer
space.
adviceB.
order
possibility
invitation
5.
江苏】32.
Try
assignment
acquisition
association
6.
新课标卷
I·
语法填空】Two
authors
review
also
a
study
published
2014
that/whichshowed
mere
five
10
minutes
day
running
reduced
risk
heart
disease
early
deaths
all67(cause).
7.
浙江卷
】Few
people
I
know
seem
have
much
desire
or
time
cook.
Making
Chinese56(dish)
seen
as
especially
troublesome.
F
8.
】
Researchers
found
direct
link
between
increase
eaten
outside
home
rise
in64(weigh)
problems.
9.
天津】The
orderC.
possibilityD.
10.
【2016·
weather
forecast
says
it
will
be
cloudy
with
slight
_____
rain
later
tonight.
effectB.
senseC.
changeD.chance
11.
浙江】It
important
pay
your
electricity
bill
late
payments
may
affect
______.
conditionB.
incomeC.
creditD.
status
12.
江苏】—
Can
you
tell
us
your______
happiness
long
life?
—
Living
every
full,
definitely.
recipeB.
recordC.
rangeD.
receipt
13.(2018·
全国卷Ⅰ)Two
2014
which
showed
mere
deaths
all(cause).
14.
(2018·
全国卷Ⅱ)This
switch
decreased(pollute)
country’s
major
lakes
reservoirs
drinking
water
safer
people.
15.
(2017·
development
was
only
possible
the(introduce)
electricpowered
engines
lifts.
16.(2017·
全国卷Ⅰ)This
trend,
started
by
medical
community(医学界)
method
fighting
disease,
had
some
unintended
side(effect)
such
overweight
disease—the
very
thing
community
trying
fight.
17.
全国卷Ⅱ)In
1863
first
underground
passenger
railway
world
opened
London.
It
ran
just
under
seven
kilometers
allowed
avoid
terrible
(crowd)
roads
above
they
travelled
work.
18(2016·
全国卷Ⅰ)The
nursery
team
switches
him
few(day)
his
sister
so
while
one
being
bottlefed,
mum—she
never
suspects.
【语法精讲】
考点解读:
1.给出名词提示词,考查名词的数;
给出其他词性形式(通常为动词、形容词)的提示词,填写名词
考点一
名词的数
名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。
普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和
复数之分,
不可数名词没有复数形式。
一、可数名词复数的变化规则
1.可数名词复数的规则变化
一般情况下在词尾直接加-s
以-s,
-x,
-sh,
-ch
结尾的名词,在词尾加-es
books,
horses,
beds,
pages
glasses,
boxes,
brushes,
watches
(例外:
stomach→stomachs)
以辅音字母+y
结尾的名词,把
y
变为
i
再加
-es;
以元音字母+y
结尾的名词,直接加-s
以-o
结尾的名词,常在词尾加-s
以-f
或-fe
结尾的名词,常把
f
或
fe
变成
v,
再加-es;
少数词尾加-s
2.可数名词复数的不规则变化
cities,
countries,
factories,
boys,
toys,
holidays
radios,
photos,
pianos,
zoos(例外:
heroes,
tomatoes,
potatoes)
half→halves,
leaf→leaves,
knife→knives(例
外:
roofs,
chiefs,
gulfs,
beliefs,
proofs)
单复数同形
词形变化
合成名词
的复数
名词前有
man
或
woman
修饰
deer,
sheep,
Chinese,
means(方式,方法),
series,
species
man→men,
woman→women,
child→children,
tooth→teeth,
foot→feet,
mouse→mice
将主体名词变为复数:
passerby→passersby,
lookeron→lookerson
无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加复数词尾。
grownup→grownups,
standby→standb
ys
man/woman
和中心词都要变为复数形式。
如:
doctor→women
doctors,man
waiter→men
waiters
疑难点
(1)常以复数形式出现的名词:
thanks,
congratulations,
shoes,
trousers,
works(著作;
工厂),
manners(礼貌),
spirits(情绪),
instructions(操作说明),
directions(用法说明),
papers(试卷,文件),
times(时代)等。
(2)一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式,常见的有
take
turns
do
sth.,
high
spirits,
make
friends
with,
shake
hands
with,
preparations
for,make
both
ends
pains
等。
二、不可数名词
1.常考的不可数名词
一般来说,物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的,因此没有复数形式,一般也不能用
an
修饰。
通常只用作
不可数的名词有:
milk,
music,
homework,
housework,
weather,
news,
butter,
information,
bread,
advice,
progress,
equipment,
fun,
luggage,
luck,
work(工作),
traffic,
furniture,
wealth,
word(消息),
room(空间),
man(人类)等。
疑难点:
word
意为“消息”,room
意为“空间”,man
意为“人类”时通常不带任何修饰词。
2.抽象名词的具体化
具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时,可以与不定冠词连用,常考到的有:
抽象名词(不可数)
surprise
惊讶地
win
success
获得成功
honour
赢得荣誉
failur