高考英语易错语法点专题一名词解析版Word格式.docx

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6、）hissistersowhileonebeingbottlefed,mumsheneversuspects.【语法精讲】考点解读：1.给出名词提示词，考查名词的数；给出其他词性形式（通常为动词、形容词）的提示词，填写名词考点一名词的数名词按其词汇意义可分为专有名词和普通名词。普通名词包括可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数之分，不可数名词没有复数形式。一、可数名词复数的变化规则1可数名词复数的规则变化一般情况下在词尾直接加-s以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的名词，在词尾加-esbooks,horses,beds,pagesglasses,boxes,brushes,watches（例

7、外：stomachstomachs）以辅音字母y结尾的名词，把y变为i再加-es；以元音字母y结尾的名词，直接加-s以-o结尾的名词，常在词尾加-s以-f或-fe结尾的名词，常把f或fe变成v，再加-es；少数词尾加-s2.可数名词复数的不规则变化cities,countries,factories,boys,toys,holidaysradios,photos,pianos,zoos（例外：heroes,tomatoes,potatoes）halfhalves,leafleaves,knifeknives（例外：roofs,chiefs,gulfs,beliefs,proofs）单复数同形词

8、形变化合成名词的复数名词前有man或woman修饰deer,sheep,Chinese,means（方式，方法）,series,speciesmanmen,womanwomen,childchildren,toothteeth,footfeet,mousemice将主体名词变为复数：passerbypassersby,lookeronlookerson无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加复数词尾。grownupgrownups,standbystandbysman/woman和中心词都要变为复数形式。如：doctorwomendoctors，manwaitermenwaiters疑难点（1）常以复

9、数形式出现的名词：thanks,congratulations,shoes,trousers,works（著作；工厂）,manners（礼貌）,spirits（情绪）,instructions（操作说明）,directions（用法说明）,papers（试卷，文件）,times（时代）等。（2）一些固定短语中的名词只用复数形式，常见的有taketurnsdosth.,highspirits,makefriendswith,shakehandswith,preparationsfor，makebothendspains等。二、不可数名词1常考的不可数名词一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因

10、此没有复数形式，一般也不能用an修饰。通常只用作不可数的名词有：milk,music,homework,housework,weather,news,butter,information,bread,advice,progress,equipment,fun,luggage,luck,work（工作）,traffic,furniture,wealth,word（消息）,room（空间）,man（人类）等。疑难点：word意为“消息”，room意为“空间”，man意为“人类”时通常不带任何修饰词。2抽象名词的具体化具有某种特性、状态、情感的抽象名词在表示具体的概念时，可以与不定冠词连用，常考到的有：抽象名词（不可数）surprise惊讶地winsuccess获得成功honour赢得荣誉failur