刘炳善 英国文学史课件part1to8Word文档下载推荐.docx

刘炳善 英国文学史课件part1to8Word文档下载推荐.docx

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Twodivisions:

paganandChristian

1.Thepaganlitrefersthesongs,legendswhichtheASbroughtfromtheiroriginalhome.

2.TheChristianlitreferstopoemsorprosewritingsdevelopedaftertheconversion,undertheteachingofthemonks;

theymainlydealwithreligioussubjects,storiesbasedontheBible.

Beowulf

1.Theuseofalliteration,compoundwords,understatement,metaphor

2.ItisthenationalepicofAnglo-Saxons

3.Itispasseddownorallyfromgenerationtogenerationuntilthe10thcenturywhenitwaswrittendowninoldEnglish.

4.ItisregardedasthenationalepicoftheAngloSaxonpeople.ItiswritteninOldEnglish,part-historical,part-legendary.Itisalongnarrativepoemonthethemeofarmsandman,mixingwithpaganelementsandChristiancoloring.

ArtisticfeatureinBeowulf

1.Theuseofalliteration,wordsbeginningwiththesameconsonantsalliteratewitheachotherwithineachline,orawordbeginningwithavowelalliterateswithanotherwordbeginningwiththesameoranothervowel.e.g.

a.ThusmadetheirmourningthemenofGeatland,

b.Fortheirhero’spassing,hisheath-companion

c.Quoththatofallthekingsofearth,

e.Ofmenhewasthemildestandmostbeloved

f.Tohiskinthekindest,keenesttopraise

2.Theuseofindirectmetaphor（kennings）

e.g.sea:

swan-road,whale-pathorsea-bath

Ship--wave-traveler

Soldier:

shield-bearer,battle-hero,spear-fighter

Fights:

sword-clashing,edge-clash

Armor:

ring-mail,limb-sark,breast-net

3.theuseofunderstatement（低调，轻描淡写地陈述）：

anegativeexpressionusuallyintheformofanunderstatementcreating

a.Nottroublesome,forverywelcome

b.Neednotpraise,forarighttocondemn

4.Parallelandantithesis

5.Episodesanddigression

MiddleEnglishliterature

AlliterativeandmetricalRomancesconstitutethebulkoftheliteraryworks

Romance—themostpopularliteraryformintheMiddleAgesinEurope;

Atale（inverseorprose）thatdealswithknightlyadventuresorotherheroicdeedsorsupernaturaloramoroussubjects,andusuallyemphasizesthechivalriclove.

Characteristicsofromance:

1）Mysterious,fantasies,romanticlove,andstandardizedcharacterization;

2）Loosestructure,simpleandstraightforwardlanguage;

3）Setinidealizedworlds,containingunlikelyorsupernaturalhappenings,reflectingachivalricage.

4）MostoftheEnglishRomancesofthetimeweremetrical.MeterandrhymehavingbeenadoptedfromFrenchpoetrytotaketheplaceofalliterationinASpoetry.

Chivalry：

Qualitiesidealizedbyknighthood,suchasbravery,courtesy,honor,andgallantrytowardwomen.

SirGawainandtheGreenknight

Artisticfeatures

1.Theuseofalliteration.ItisanalliterativeRomanceaboutKingArthurandhisroundtableknight.Eachfitconsistsof2parts,thefirstpartcontainsalliterativelonglinesofmorethan10andthesecondpartcontainsbob（twoorthreesyllables）andfourrhymedwheel.Thiskindofspecialfitmakesthenarrativerhythmchangeableandvariable;

itcombinesthestrongalliterationwithmusicalrhymesoastocometotheeffectofmusicalmelody.

2.Imagesandfigurescontainmysteriousmeaningandcolorandforegroundthethemeofthispoem.

Fivestarpicture-fivesymbols,fivesenses,fivefingers,fivewounds.Threedaysincastle,threeseductions,threetest

PiersthePlowman

AlongpoembyWilliamLangland

Artisticfeatures:

1.Firstitiswrittenintheformofdreamvisions,

2.Seconditisanallegorywhichusessymbolismtorelatetruth;

3.Third,itisarealisticpictureofmedievalEngland.

Allegory:

isafictionalnarrativeorartisticexpressionthatconveysasymbolicmeaningparalleltobutdistinctfromandmoreimportantthantheliterarymeaning.

TheEnglishBallads

Aballadisastorytoldinsong,usuallyin4-linestanza,withthesecondandfourthlinesrhymed.TheEnglishandScottishpopularballadsflourishedinthe15thcentury.

Featuresofballads:

1.four-linestanza.2.1/3lines4stresses

3.2/4lines3stresses.4.Iambic（抑扬格）

5.Abruptbeginning.6.Dramaticelements

7.Toldthroughdialoguesandactions

GeoffreyChaucer（1340?

---1400）

Mainworks

HouseofFame（plot,1379）TheParliamentofFowls（1382）TroilusandCriseyde（1385）TheCanterburyTales

HismasterpieceTheCanterburytalescontainsageneralprologueand24tales,unfinishedattheauthor＇ssuddendeath

Thetotaleffectofthepoem:

ageneralpictureofsocialrealityofpoet＇sda