中考英语语法形容词副词知识精讲及练习 40道Word文档格式.docx
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Theoldmangavemeabasketfullofapples
3.多个形容词修饰名词时,与被修饰名词关系越密切的形容词越靠近名词,其位置一般循下列顺序:
限定词(the,a,these)+描绘性形容词+大小(长短、高低)+形状(新旧年龄)+颜国籍(来源、地区、出处)+物质(材料、质地)+目的(用途、类别)+中心词。
可按“美小圆旧黄,英国木书房”记忆其顺序。
alovelysmallblackphysicsstudentmynewlargebrownstonehouse
Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends,andspentthelastfewsunnydaysattheseaside.
四、副词的位置。
1.英文中时间副词和地点副词一般置于句末。
如两者同时出现时,则地点在前,时间在后,也可将时间置于句首。
MaryhadawalkinthePeople'
sParkonSunday.
2.不确定时间副词如always,often,never,seldom等常置于实义动词之前,置助动词、情态动词和be动词之后。
Oneshouldalwayshelpothers.Youarealwayskind.
Theyseldomcomelatetoschool.
3.程度副词如very,almost,quite等一般置于被修饰词之前,但enough修饰形容词、副词时则须置其后,修饰名词时一般置其前。
Whatyousaidisquiteright.
Wehaveenoughtimeandenoughmoneytodothework.
Ctotakethisadventurecoursewillleanalotofusefulskills.
A.BraveenoughstudentsB.Enoughbravestudents
C.StudentsbraveenoughD.Studentsenoughbrave
五、分清以-ly结尾的副词与不以-ly结尾的副词或形容词的意义及用法。
①两种词意义区别较大
hardadj.&
adv努力;
难的hardlyadv.几乎不
lateadj.&
adv.晚,迟latelyadv.最近,不久前
nearlyadv.几乎,差不多
nearadv.&
adj.接近
closeadv.&
adj.靠近closelyadv.密切地
clearadv.&
adj.干净地clearlyadv.清楚地
Hemadeitelearthattheworkwasnearlycompleted.
②下列几组词形中,以-ly结尾的词表示抽象意义,而不以-ly结尾的词表示具体意义。
具体意义抽象意义
wideadv.&
adj.宽widelyadv.广泛地
deep:
adv.&
adj.深deeplyadv.深深地
highadv.&
adj.高highlyadv.高度地
Wethinkhighlyofwhathehasdone.(高度评价)Theyaredeeplymovedbythestory.(深深地感动)Theoldmansatthere,deepinthought.(陷入沉思deepintothenight(深夜)
六、动词grow,get,become,look,keep,smell,sound,taste,appear,seem等可用作系动词或实义动词,如作系动词其后接形容词作表语,如是实义动词则用副词作状语。
HelookedsadatthesightoftheEnglishpaper.HelookedsadlyattheEnglishpaper.TheseorangestasteA
A.goodB.wellC.alargerD.thelarge
七、部分形容词如:
easy,difficult,heavy,hard,nice,dangerous,impossible等作表语或宾语补足语时后接不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
Thewordswhichwerecarvedonanimalbonesaredifficulttoread.
Thenewroomisnicetolivein.=Itisnicetoliveinthenewroom.=Toliveinthenewroomisnice.
八、形容词、副词的级
(一)(见下表:
形容词和副词的级[一])和形容词、副词的级
(二)(见下表:
形容词和副词的级[二]
原级
比较级
最高级
说明
Bright
brighter
brightest
单音节的形容词或副词变化,词尾加-er,-est。
slow
slower
slowest
few
fewer
fewest
wise
wiser
wisest
以e结尾的,加-r或-st。
late
later
latest
sad
sadder
saddest
以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词,双写结尾辅音字母,再加-er-est;
以y结尾的词,变y为i加-er,-est。
hot
hotter
hottest
busy
busier
busiest
happy
happier
happiest
recent
Morerecent
Mostrecent
双音节的形容词或副词单/复式变形均可;
本表格只给出了复式变形:
复合形容词或副词一般只能用复式变形。
eager
Moreeager
Mosteager
exact
Moreexact
Mostexact
quickly
Morequickly
Mostquickly
famous
Morefamous
Mostfamous
careful
Morecareful
Mostcareful
good
better
best
此栏中是不规则形容词或副词比较级和最高级的变化,需记忆;
有少数单音节的形容词通常以比较级和最高级构成
well
bad
worse
worst
ill
little
less
least
many
more
most
much
later(较迟的)
latest(最迟的)
latter(稍后的)
last(最后的)
pleased
Morepleased
Mostpleased
fond
Morefond
Mostfond
glad
Moreglad
Mostglad
tired
Moretired
Mosttired
1.常用于修饰than结构的比较级的词有:
alittle,abit,many,much,alot,far,agreatdeal,even,still等。
Howmuchbettershelookedwithoutherglasses!
-Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum.
-Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.ItwasAthanIexpected.
A.farmoreinterestingB.evenmuchinteresting
C.somoreinterestingD.alotmuchinteresting
2.倍数的比较:
①倍数+名词(thesize.theheight,thelength,theamount,thewidth,thedepthof"
……几倍。
比……大/多几倍”
②倍数+as+形容词/副词(big.great,large,many,much,high.long.wide,slow.little,shor.cheap,deep)as.…"
是……几倍”
③信数+比较级(bigger.greater,larger,more,higher,longer,wider,slower.less,shortercheaper,deeper)than…"
比……大/多几倍”
as+原级+as或notso(as)+原级+as,表示“(不)像……一样"
JackisashandsomeasBillIcan'
trunsofastasBill.
比较级+than表示“比……更;
less+原级+than表示“不如……"
Lighttravelsfasterthansound.
Thecircleoflightspreadsoutandbecomeslessbright.
the+最高级+表示范围的成分表示“在……之中最”(最高级副词前可省去the)
WhichisthelongestriverinChina?
Pettyjumps(the)highestofall.
Annisthetalleststudentinherclass.
比较级前可加much,verymuch,evenstill,rather,etc的程度状语以及其它表示长多少。
远多少,重多少的状语
ThePacificisbyfarthelarg