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Modeling,Simulation,andReductionofConductedElectromagneticInterferenceDuetoaPWMBuckTypeSwitchingPowerSupplyI

A.Farhadi

Abstract:

UndesiredgenerationofradiatedorconductedenergyinelectricalsystemsiscalledElectromagneticInterference（EMI）.HighspeedswitchingfrequencyinpowerelectronicsconvertersespeciallyinswitchingpowersuppliesimprovesefficiencybutleadstoEMI.Differentkindofconductedinterference,EMIregulationsandconductedEMImeasurementareintroducedinthispaper.CompliancywithnationalorinternationalregulationiscalledElectromagneticCompatibility（EMC）.PowerelectronicsystemsproducersmustregardEMC.ModelingandsimulationisthefirststepofEMCevaluation.EMIsimulationresultsduetoaPWMBucktypeswitchingpowersupplyarepresentedinthispaper.ToimproveEMC,sometechniquesareintroducedandtheireffectivenessprovedbysimulation.

IndexTerms:

Conducted,EMC,EMI,LISN,SwitchingSupply

I.INTRODUCTION

FASTsemiconductorsmakeitpossibletohavehighspeedandhighfrequencyswitchinginpowerelectronics

.Highspeedswitchingcausesweightandvolumereductionofequipment,butsomeunwantedeffectssuchasradiofrequencyinterferenceappeared

.Compliancewithelectromagneticcompatibility（EMC）regulationsisnecessaryforproducerstopresenttheirproductstothemarkets.ItisimportanttotakeEMCaspectsalreadyindesignphase

.ModelingandsimulationisthemosteffectivetooltoanalyzeEMCconsiderationbeforedevelopingtheproducts.Alotofthepreviousstudiesconcernedthelowfrequencyanalysisofpowerelectronicscomponents

.DifferenttypesofpowerelectronicsconvertersarecapabletobeconsideredassourceofEMI.TheycouldpropagatetheEMIinbothradiatedandconductedforms.LineImpedanceStabilizationNetwork（LISN）isrequiredformeasurementandcalculationofconductedinterferencelevel

.InterferencespectrumattheoutputofLISNisintroducedastheEMCevaluationcriterion

.NationalorinternationalregulationsarethereferencesfortheevaluationofequipmentinpointofviewofEMC

.

II.SOURCE,PATHANDVICTIMOFEMI

Undesiredvoltageorcurrentiscalledinterferenceandtheircauseiscalledinterferencesource.Inthispaperahigh-speedswitchingpowersupplyisthesourceofinterference.

Interferencepropagatedbyradiationinareaaroundofaninterferencesourceorbyconductionthroughcommoncablingorwiringconnections.Inthisstudyconductedemissionisconsideredonly.Equipmentsuchascomputers,receivers,amplifiers,industrialcontrollers,etcthatareexposedtointerferencecorruptionarecalledvictims.Thecommonconnectionsofelements,sourcelinesandcablingprovidepathsforconductednoiseorinterference.Electromagneticconductedinterferencehastwocomponentsasdifferentialmodeandcommonmode

A.Differentialmodeconductedinterference

Thismodeisrelatedtothenoisethatisimposedbetweendifferentlinesofatestcircuitbyanoisesource.RelatedcurrentpathisshowninFig.1

.Theinterferencesource,pathimpedances,differentialmodecurrentandloadimpedancearealsoshowninFig.1.

B.Commonmodeconductedinterference

Commonmodenoiseorinterferencecouldappearandimposebetweenthelines,cablesorconnectionsandcommonground.Anyleakagecurrentbetweenloadandcommongroundcouldbemodeledbyinterferencevoltagesource.

Fig.2demonstratesthecommonmodeinterferencesource,commonmodecurrentsIcm1andIcm2andtherelatedcurrentpaths

.Thepowerelectronicsconvertersperformasnoisesourcebetweenlinesofthesupplynetwork.Inthisstudydifferentialmodeofconductedinterferenceisparticularlyimportantanddiscussionwillbecontinuedconsideringthismodeonly.

III.ELECTROMAGNETICCOMPATIBILITYREGULATIONS

Applicationofelectricalequipmentespeciallystaticpowerelectronicconvertersindifferentequipmentisincreasingmoreandmore.Asmentionedbefore,powerelectronicsconvertersareconsideredasanimportantsourceofelectromagneticinterferenceandhavecorruptingeffectsontheelectricnetworks

.Highlevelofpollutionresultingfromvariousdisturbancesreducesthequalityofpowerinelectricnetworks.Ontheothersidesomeresidential,commercialandespeciallymedicalconsumersaresosensitivetopowersystemdisturbancesincludingvoltageandfrequencyvariations.ThebestsolutiontoreducecorruptionandimprovepowerqualityiscomplyingnationalorinternationalEMCregulations.CISPR,IEC,FCCandVDEareamongthemostfamousorganizationsfromEur