河北省定州市高一英语下学期周练试题1承智班文档格式.docx

河北省定州市高一英语下学期周练试题1承智班文档格式.docx

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WehadheardinschoolaboutaplanetcalledPluto.Itwasthefarthest,coldest,anddarkestthingachildcouldimagine.Weguessedhowlongitwouldtaketodieifwestoodonthesurfaceofsuchafrozenplacewearingonlytheclotheswehadon.WetriedtofigureouthowmuchcolderPlutowasthanAntarctica,orthanthecoldestdaywehadeverexperiencedinPennsylvania.

Pluto,whichfamouslywasdowngradedfroma“majorplanet”toa“dwarfplanet”（矮星）in2006,capturedourimaginationbecauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatitwaslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem

Pluto’sunderdogdiscoverystoryispartofwhatmakesitsoattractive.ClydeTombaughwasaKansasfarmboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandself-groundlenses.AsanassistantatLowellObservatoryinFlagstaff,Arizona,Tombaugh'

staskwastosearchmillionsofstarsforamovingpointoflight,aplanetthattheobservatory’sfounderthoughtexistedbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.OnFebruary18，1930，Tombaughfoundit.PlutowasthefirstplanetdiscoveredbyanAmerican,andrepresentedamomentoflightinthemidstoftheGreatDepression’sdarkencroachment（入侵）.

Plutoismuchmorethansomethingthatisnotaplanet.It’sareminderthattherearemanyworldsouttherebeyondourownandthattheskyisn’tthelimitatall.Wedon’tknowwhatkindsoffant

asticvariationsonathemenatureiscapableofmakinguntilwegettheretolook.

1．WhydidPlutobecomefamousin2006accordingtothepassage?

A.Becauseitlostitsmajorplanetstatus.

B.Becauseitdisappearedinthesky.

C.BecauseitwasdiscoveredbyanAmerican.

D.Becauseitwasprovedtobethecoldestplanetintheuniverse.

2．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.AnAmericanScientist:

ClydeTombaugh

B.PlutowasFirstDiscoveredbyaBoy

C.Pluto’sStrangeRomance

D.TheDaysISpentwithMyBrotherinPennsylvania

3．Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?

A.ClydeTombaughdiscoveredthedarknessintheGreatDepression.

B.PlutowastheonlyplanetthatwasdiscoveredbyClydeTombaugh.

C.ClydeTombaugh’sjobwastobuildtelescopesforLowellObservatory.

D.ClydeTombaugh’stelescopesusedforsearchingstarswereverysimple.

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?

A.Plutoisnolessthanaplanetinthesolarsystem.

B.Plutoismuchmorethanaplanetinthesolarsystem.

C.Plutoismoreimportantthananyotherplanetinthesky.

D.Plutoisnotaplanetinthesolarsystem,butitismorethanaplanet.

Cancerisaterribledisease.EveryyearintheUK,morethan330,000peoplegetcancer,anddoctorsusuallyuseakindoftherapycalledradiotherapytotreatpeople.ThistreatmentuseshighenergyX-raystodestroythedisease,buttheeffectsoftreatmentcanbenearlyasbadasthecancer.AstheX-raysdestroythecancercells,theyalsodamagehealthycellsthatarenexttothem.It’slikeusingashotguntokillaninsect.Whenreallyimportantpartsofaperson’sbodyarehurtbytheX-rayenergy,itcanhaveverybadresults.Itcanalsomakemorecancergrowinthedamagedplac

esinthefuture.

Anewtherapythatusesprotons（质子）insteadofX-rayenergycouldbetheanswertotheproblem.InaprojectcalledPRaVDA,scientistsfromtheUKandSouthAfricaareworkingtothis.IfX-rayenergyislikeashotgun,thenprotonscanworkmorelik

ealaser.Scientistscanmakeprotonstravelthroughsomeone’sbodywithouthurtingthem,andonlydamagethecancer.

T

hePRaVDAscientistsusecomputerstomakea3-Dmodelofthecancercellstomakesuretheprotonsgototherightplaces.“It’smoreaccurate,”saidMichaelaEsposito,PhD,fromtheUniversityofLincoln.

Buildingthistechnologywasverydifficult,though.ProfessorNigelAllinsonfromtheUniversityofLincoln,theprojectleader,hasputtogetherateamofmanydifferentkindsofscientistswithdifferentskills.Thoseskillswereallneededtomakewhathecalls“oneofthemostcomplex”medicalmachinesever.It’salso10timesmoreexpensivethanX-rayradiotherapy.Evenso,Allinsonbelievesthatmostcancertreatmentwillbedonebyprotonsinthefuture.“Ithinkitwillimprovethequalityoflifeofmanycancerpatients,”hesays.

5．Whatpointdoesthefirstparagraphmake?

A.Cancerisareallyterribledisease.

B.LotsofpeoplegetcancereveryyearintheUK.

C.Radiotherapyisn’taperfectwaytocurecancer.

D.Radiotherapyisacommonlyusedtherapyagainstcancer.

6．Whatcanbeconcludedaboutthenewtherapy?

A.It’smuchcheaperthanX-rayradiotherapy.

B.Itdependsonpr