河北省定州市高一英语下学期周练试题1承智班文档格式.docx
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WehadheardinschoolaboutaplanetcalledPluto.Itwasthefarthest,coldest,anddarkestthingachildcouldimagine.Weguessedhowlongitwouldtaketodieifwestoodonthesurfaceofsuchafrozenplacewearingonlytheclotheswehadon.WetriedtofigureouthowmuchcolderPlutowasthanAntarctica,orthanthecoldestdaywehadeverexperiencedinPennsylvania.
Pluto,whichfamouslywasdowngradedfroma“majorplanet”toa“dwarfplanet”(矮星)in2006,capturedourimaginationbecauseitwasamysterythatcouldcompleteourpictureofwhatitwaslikeatthemostremotecornersofoursolarsystem
Pluto’sunderdogdiscoverystoryispartofwhatmakesitsoattractive.ClydeTombaughwasaKansasfarmboywhobuilttelescopesoutofspareautoparts,oldfarmequipmentandself-groundlenses.AsanassistantatLowellObservatoryinFlagstaff,Arizona,Tombaugh'
staskwastosearchmillionsofstarsforamovingpointoflight,aplanetthattheobservatory’sfounderthoughtexistedbeyondtheorbitofNeptune.OnFebruary18,1930,Tombaughfoundit.PlutowasthefirstplanetdiscoveredbyanAmerican,andrepresentedamomentoflightinthemidstoftheGreatDepression’sdarkencroachment(入侵).
Plutoismuchmorethansomethingthatisnotaplanet.It’sareminderthattherearemanyworldsouttherebeyondourownandthattheskyisn’tthelimitatall.Wedon’tknowwhatkindsoffant
asticvariationsonathemenatureiscapableofmakinguntilwegettheretolook.
1.WhydidPlutobecomefamousin2006accordingtothepassage?
A.Becauseitlostitsmajorplanetstatus.
B.Becauseitdisappearedinthesky.
C.BecauseitwasdiscoveredbyanAmerican.
D.Becauseitwasprovedtobethecoldestplanetintheuniverse.
2.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.AnAmericanScientist:
ClydeTombaugh
B.PlutowasFirstDiscoveredbyaBoy
C.Pluto’sStrangeRomance
D.TheDaysISpentwithMyBrotherinPennsylvania
3.Whatcanwelearnfromthefourthparagraph?
A.ClydeTombaughdiscoveredthedarknessintheGreatDepression.
B.PlutowastheonlyplanetthatwasdiscoveredbyClydeTombaugh.
C.ClydeTombaugh’sjobwastobuildtelescopesforLowellObservatory.
D.ClydeTombaugh’stelescopesusedforsearchingstarswereverysimple.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?
A.Plutoisnolessthanaplanetinthesolarsystem.
B.Plutoismuchmorethanaplanetinthesolarsystem.
C.Plutoismoreimportantthananyotherplanetinthesky.
D.Plutoisnotaplanetinthesolarsystem,butitismorethanaplanet.
Cancerisaterribledisease.EveryyearintheUK,morethan330,000peoplegetcancer,anddoctorsusuallyuseakindoftherapycalledradiotherapytotreatpeople.ThistreatmentuseshighenergyX-raystodestroythedisease,buttheeffectsoftreatmentcanbenearlyasbadasthecancer.AstheX-raysdestroythecancercells,theyalsodamagehealthycellsthatarenexttothem.It’slikeusingashotguntokillaninsect.Whenreallyimportantpartsofaperson’sbodyarehurtbytheX-rayenergy,itcanhaveverybadresults.Itcanalsomakemorecancergrowinthedamagedplac
esinthefuture.
Anewtherapythatusesprotons(质子)insteadofX-rayenergycouldbetheanswertotheproblem.InaprojectcalledPRaVDA,scientistsfromtheUKandSouthAfricaareworkingtothis.IfX-rayenergyislikeashotgun,thenprotonscanworkmorelik
ealaser.Scientistscanmakeprotonstravelthroughsomeone’sbodywithouthurtingthem,andonlydamagethecancer.
T
hePRaVDAscientistsusecomputerstomakea3-Dmodelofthecancercellstomakesuretheprotonsgototherightplaces.“It’smoreaccurate,”saidMichaelaEsposito,PhD,fromtheUniversityofLincoln.
Buildingthistechnologywasverydifficult,though.ProfessorNigelAllinsonfromtheUniversityofLincoln,theprojectleader,hasputtogetherateamofmanydifferentkindsofscientistswithdifferentskills.Thoseskillswereallneededtomakewhathecalls“oneofthemostcomplex”medicalmachinesever.It’salso10timesmoreexpensivethanX-rayradiotherapy.Evenso,Allinsonbelievesthatmostcancertreatmentwillbedonebyprotonsinthefuture.“Ithinkitwillimprovethequalityoflifeofmanycancerpatients,”hesays.
5.Whatpointdoesthefirstparagraphmake?
A.Cancerisareallyterribledisease.
B.LotsofpeoplegetcancereveryyearintheUK.
C.Radiotherapyisn’taperfectwaytocurecancer.
D.Radiotherapyisacommonlyusedtherapyagainstcancer.
6.Whatcanbeconcludedaboutthenewtherapy?
A.It’smuchcheaperthanX-rayradiotherapy.
B.Itdependsonpr