浅析《双城记》中的人道主义精神 英语毕业论文文档格式.docx

浅析《双城记》中的人道主义精神 英语毕业论文文档格式.docx

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浅析《双城记》中的人道主义精神@#@【关键词】人道主义；@#@人类；@#@爱；@#@牺牲@#@I.Introduction@#@ATaleofTwoCitiesisahistoricalnovelwiththebackgroundofFrenchRevolution.Theauthorforhisoutstandingartistictalentexpresseshishumanitarianideal,whichishumanitarianism.Asfarastheauthorisconcerned,whetherclassagainstorclassoppressioncannotbecompletelyinlinewithhisabsolutelycorrecthumanitarian.ConverselyquietandorderlylifeinLondongiveshimpeaceofmind.DespiteCharlesDickenswritesthisnovelonpurposeofreflectingUnitedKingdom’srealityandwarningthebourgeoisietopayattentiontotheircruelty,butthenovelisfulloflife,hope,longingforlove,theperfectionoftheshapeoffemale.Allofthesearethereflectionsofhumanitarianism.Dickensknowsthathecannotrewritehistorysothatthestateofsocietyentirelymeetshishumanitarianideals,buthecanmeethisportraitsofthehumanitarianidealtoportraycharactersandpraisetoexpresshishumanitarianism.InthisnovelontheonehandDickensshowsdeepsympathytothepoor.Ontheotherhand,hestronglycondemnsthefeudalaristocrats’behaviors.Andhealsoholdsagreatestesteemfortheloveofthehumanbeings.Dickensbelievesloveisalwaysmorepowerfulthanresentment.Inhisopinion,nomatterthepersonisrichorpoor,ifhisbehavioragreeswithmorality,itshouldbepraised.Ifnot,thenitshouldbecriticized.Therefore,facingthecontradictionbetweenthearistocratsandthepoor,Dickensfirmlybelievesthecontradictioncanbesolvedbythegreatloveofthehumanbeing.Inshort,theviewofDickens’humanitariancouldbesummarizedasthis——―behumanitarianandloveothers‖.@#@II.Humanitarianism@#@A.TheDefinitionofHumanitarianism@#@Humanitarianismisanactivebeliefinthevalueofhumanlife,wherebyhumanspracticebenevolenttreatmentandprovideassistancetootherhumans,inordertobetterhumanityforbothmoralandlogicalreasons.Itisthephilosophicalbeliefinmovementtowardtheimprovementofthehumanraceinavarietyofareas,usedtodescribeawidenumberofactivitiesrelatingspecificallytohumanwelfare.Humanitarianismisaninformalideologyofpractice;@#@itisthedoctrinethatpeople'@#@sdutyistopromotehumanwelfare.Humanitarianismisbasedonaviewthatallhumanbeingsdeserverespectanddignityandshouldbetreatedassuch.Therefore,humanitariansworktowardsadvancingthewell-beingofhumanityasawhole.Itistheantithesisofthe―usvs.them‖mentalitythatcharacterizestribalismandethnicnationalism.Humanitariansabhorslavery,violationofbasicandhumanrights,anddiscriminationonthebasisoffeaturessuchasskincolor,religion,ancestry,orplaceofbirth.Humanitarianismdrivespeopletosavelives,alleviatesuffering,andpromotehumandignityinthemiddleofman-madeornaturaldisasters.Humanitarianismisembracedbymovementsandpeopleacrossthepoliticalspectrum.1@#@Today,humanitarianismisparticularlyusedtodescribethethinkinganddoctrinesbehindemergencyresponsetohumanitariancrises.Insuchcasesitarguesforahumanitarianresponsebasedonhumanitarianprinciples,particularlytheprincipleofhumanity.Thesefundamental@#@principlesservetwoessentialpurposes.Theyembodyhumanitarianaction’ssingle-mindedpurposeofalleviatingsuffering,unconditionallyandwithoutanyulteriormotive.Theyalsoserveasoperationaltoolsthathelpinobtainingboththeconsentofbelligerentsandthetrustofcommunitiesforthepresenceandactivitiesofhumanitarianorganizations,particularlyinhighlyvolatilecontexts.@#@B.TheOriginofHumanitarianism@#@Asathoughtorideology,humanitarianlatestsuitablebourgeoisthinkers,itfocusonapersonalopinionthateachindividualisanindependententitytorespectforindividualfreedomsandrightsandadmitthehuman’svalueanddignity.Itsoriginalformishumanism,whichplaysanenormousroleinanti-feudalactivity.ThefirstpreambleoftheConstitutioninFrance,DeclarationonHumanRightsandCitizenshipisadeclarationofbourgeoishumanitarianbook.Itbelongstothephilosophycataloguewithdevelopmentsandchanges.Humanityappearswhenmankindentersthegerminationperiod;@#@however,asathoughtandtheory,humanitarianismisformedafterthe15thcentury.Initiallyit’sreflectedintheliteraryandartisticaspectsofperformance,andthengraduallypenetratesintootherareas.@#@HumanitarianisextendedfromtheLatinwordhumanistas,asakindofextendedperiodoftimetobeabletomaximizethetalentofaperson'@#@sdevelopment,withtheprincipleofhumanetreatmentoftheeducationsysteminancientRome.Atthe15thcenturyhumanitarianreferstospiritoftheRenaissancethatis,throughstudyandpromotetheancientGreekandRomanculture,thepeoplecanbefullydeveloped.Inthecourseofthebourgeoisrevolution,humanit