高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案Word格式.docx
《高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案Word格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案Word格式.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![高考英语北师大版一轮复习Unit16夯实训练含答案Word格式.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2022-10/1/9cd22a67-913e-4df5-9d6f-0fdb027d4195/9cd22a67-913e-4df5-9d6f-0fdb027d41951.gif)
OnOctober5,Tuwasawardedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine.ShesharedtheprizewithtwootherscientistsfromtheUSandJapan.TuisthefirstnativeChineseperson__3__(receive)aNobelPrizeinnaturalsciences.
Tuwasmodestaboutreceivingtheaward:
“It’sasuccessforthewholeresearchteam.”Shealsothinks__4__isscientists’dutytofightforthehealthofallhumans.
WhenTujoinedthenationalresearchteamtofindthemedicine__5__couldfightagainstmalariainthe1960sand1970s,thingswerehard.Theteamdidn’thaveadvancedequipmentbackthen.Tuusedtotest__6__(medicine)byeatingthemherself.HerteamsearchedoldChinesemedicinebooks__7__handandtestedover2,000traditionalrecipes.
OnceTu__8__(return)homeaftertravelingforsixmonths.Herlittledaughterdidn’trecognizeherandhidfromthe“strangewoman”.Todoresearch,Tualsohadtomovearoundalot.
Finally,Tufoundartemisinin(青蒿素)insweetwormwoodin1971.Shespentthenextdecades__9__(try)toimprovethemedicine.AccordingtoWorldHealthOrganization,about200millionpeoplesuffer__10__malariaaroundtheworld,andabouthalfamilliondieeachyear.Artemisininisstillthemosteffectivetreatmentagainstmalariaknowntoday.
Tunevercomplainsabouthowhardsheworks.“IfeelmorerewardedwhenIseesomanycuredpatients,”shesaid.
【语篇导读】 本文是一篇记叙文。
屠呦呦是中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女科学家,她带领她的团队发现了青蒿素,从而挽救了数百万人的生命。
1.but [考查连词。
空前语境为:
青蒿在中国是一种常见的植物;
空后语境为:
它有治愈致命疾病——疟疾的能力。
根据空处前后语境可以判断,两句为转折关系,故用转折连词but。
]
2.is [考查时态和主谓一致。
根据该句中的“whousestheplant’sspecialpower”可知,该句应用一般现在时。
又因主语为TuYouyou,故用is。
3.toreceive [考查动词不定式。
根据该句中的“thefirstnativeChineseperson”可以判断,该句应用动词不定式作person的后置定语。
4.it [考查it的用法。
分析该句结构可知,动词不定式短语tofightforthehealthofallhumans作真正的主语,it作形式主语。
5.that/which [考查定语从句。
分析该句结构可知,该句为定语从句,先行词为medicine,空处在从句中作主语,故用which或that引导该定语从句。
6.medicines [考查名词的数。
根据该句中的them可以判断,空处应用复数形式。
7.by/on/at/in [考查介词。
byhand意为“用手”;
onhand,athand,inhand意为“在手头”。
根据语境可知这四个介词都对。
8.returned [考查时态。
根据下句的“Herlittledaughterdidn’trecognizeher”可知,这里陈述的是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。
9.trying [考查非谓语动词。
spendtimedoingsth为固定搭配,意为“花费时间做某事”,故用trying。
10.from [考查动词短语。
sufferfrom为固定搭配,意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Thesedays,thereareveryfewwildanimalsleftintheUK.Thewolveshavegone.Thebearshavebeenhuntedtoextinction.Fortunately,thereareafewbadgers(獾)—Oh,well,actually,notforlongastheBritishgovernmenthasjustdecidedtokillthemtoo!
Butwhy?
Badgersarefascinatingcreatures.Theblackandwhitemammalsliveundergroundin“setts”,whichtheydigoutoftheearth.Theyareextremelybrave,fightingofflargeranimalssuchasbearsandwolves.Theproblemisthatsomebadgerscarry“BovineTuberculosis”(BTB),aninfectiousdiseasecausedbythebacteriumMycobacteriumBovis(M.Bovis)whichcancauseTBinsomeotheranimals,includingcattle.
Forfarmers,thisisaseriousissue.In1998intheUK,almost6000cowswerekilledtocontrolthedisease.Andin2010,morethan30000animalsweredestroyed.It'
sexpensivetoo.BovineTBcoststheUKabout£100millionperyear.Andsomebelievethatthediseasecouldendupcostingtheeconomy£9billionoverthenext40yearsifnothingisdoneaboutit.
Expertssaythatbadgersareresponsibleforabout50%oftheinfectedcattle.So,aftermuchdebate,thegovernmenthasagreedtoabadgercull(杀戮).Thiswillmeanabout30000oftheinnocentcreatureswillbewipedouttofightthedisease.EnvironmentSecretaryCarolineSpelmanadmittedthattherewas“greatstrengthoffeeling”aboutit,butsaid,“Ibelievethisistherightwayforward.”
Ofcourse,manyareagainstthemeasure,includingconservationistsandanimalrightsactivists.Theyclaimthatkillingthebadgersincontrolledzoneswouldn'
tworkbecausebadgersfromneighboringareaswouldsimplymoveintotheemptysettsandbecomeinfectedtoo.Furthermore,theybelievethatthewaycattleareraisedintensively,andtransportedaroundtolotsofdifferentfarmsduringtheirlivesisprobablythebiggestcauseofthespreadofthedisease.
Mostordinarypeopleareagainstthemeasuretoo.Asurveysuggestsabouttwothirdsareagainstkillingthebadgers,withmajoritiesagainstkillingthemregardlessofage,regionandgender.Oneofthealternativestothecullinvolvesusingvaccine(疫苗)onbadgers.However,thiscostsanaverageof£2250peryearpersquarekilometer.Trappingandshootingbadgerscosts£2500peryear,butshootingfreerunningbadgersonlycostsabout£200peryear