大学英语四级考试试题及答案解析十九Word文档格式.docx
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Criticism
【正确答案】:
[经典范文]
Itisnotsurprisingineverydaylifethatpeoplearecriticizedforsomereasons.Studentsmaybecriticizedbytheirparentsorteachers[1]possiblybecausetheyhavedoneabadjobinexams.[2]Ifworkerscouldnotaccomplishtheirtasks,theywouldnotbefreefromcriticismbytheirboss.
Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardcriticism.[3]Whencriticized,somepeoplebecomeannoyedand[4]tryeverypossiblemeanstodefendthemselves,regardingcriticismasinjusticeornonsense.However,othersholdthatcriticismwillhelpthemgetawareoftheirshortcomings,socriticismmaybecomeagoodchanceofsuccessintheirlife.
Inmyopinion,whilecriticismmakesunpleasantfeelings,weshouldnot[5]turnadeafeartoit.Actually,criticism[6]contributestogoodresultsinmostcases.[7]JustastheChinesesayinggoes,"
Goodmedicinethattastesbitterwillhelpone'
sillness.\
[本题分数]:
106.0分
【答案解析】
[写作指南]
这是一篇典型的议论类作文,要求考生先指出“批评在日常生活中很常见”,然后具体说明“不同的人对待批评的不同态度”,并在最后阐述自己的观点。
根据写作要求,文章的结构安排如下:
第一段开头段,指出“批评在日常生活中很常见”;
第二段中间段,具体说明“不同的人对待批评的不同态度”;
第三段结尾段,阐述自己的观点。
[亮点解析]
[1]意思为“也许”,相当于probably,使句子语气变得很含蓄。
[2]利用虚拟语气陈述某种现象或事实。
[3]连词when后面接过去分词criticized,使句子变得简练。
[4]意思为“千方百计”。
类似表达法有tryhardto,makeeveryeffortto,sparenoeffortsto,endeavorto等。
[5]意思为“对……充耳不闻”。
类似表达法有donothingabout。
[6]意思为“导致”。
类似表达法有bringabout,leadto等。
[7]用于引用谚语的结构。
类似表达法有justastheChineseproverbsays。
二、Cloze(共20小题,共70.0分)Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Inventchallenges.Ahundredyearsago,pioneerpsychologistWilliamJamesdeclaredthathumansuseonlya
(1)
partoftheirpotential.Alltoomanyofourtasksare
(2)
ortedious.Thenthebrainoperatesalmoston
(3)
Theresultcanbecarelessmistakesordragged-outdrudgerybecausewecangetwithit.
Theperfectstateofflow,Csikszentmihalyiexplains,
(4)
whenourskillsexactlymeasureuptothechallengesconfrontingus.
(5)
saysCsikszentmihalyi,thewaytogetadullbutsimplejobdoneeasilyistomakeitharder.Turnaboringtaskintoachallenginggame,sothatyou
(6)
allyourpotential.Inventrules,
(7)
goals,
(8)
yourselfagainstaclock.Thisincreasedchallengemaybewhatpushesyouintoyour
(9)
.
Iwasonceaskedtowriteanintroductiontoa
(10)
ofarticlesonlawsuit.WordscameslowlyasI
(11)
awayatatopicthatdidn'
tinspireme.Imade
(12)
tripstothecoffeepot.
Thenthemagazine'
sartdirectorphonedtosayhe'
dcreatedaneye-catching
(13)
forthearticle,drawingagavel(槌)bentintotheletterJ.CouldthefirstwordofthearticlebeginwithJ?
Inotonlyacceptthechallenge,butaddedoneofmyown:
CouldeveryparagraphbeginwithJ?
UsingsuchwordsasJusticeandJurisprudence(法学),Imanagednineparagraphs.By
(14)
myattention,thecontestspedupthetask.
Talktoyourself.
Asyou
(15)
thatdripirrigationsysteminyourrosebed,tellyourself,"
Thelinetothehosebibgoeshere.Aboutsixfeet,thenthefirstemitter(喷嘴)..."
Verbalizingkeepsyourmindonthetask,
(16)
thestepsyou'
retaking,andremindsyouofwhatneedstobedone.
Selftalkcanalsoserveas"
whitenoise,"
takingyourmindoff
(17)
stimuli.Ayoungskiracer,
(18)
byspectatorsandblowingsnow,washavingadisappointingcompetitionwhenhiscoachpulledhim
(19)
."
Lookahead,"
thecoachsaid,remindingtheskierto
(20)
onthegatesaheadasheskiedtheonesbefore.Repeatingthephraselikeaspell(咒语):
"
Lookahead,lookahead,lookahead"
—theskierfocusedhisattentionandwonamedal.
A
tiny
B
secondary
C
minimal
D
minimum
A
【本题分数】:
3.5分
[答案详解]词汇辨析。
本题测试近义词的区别。
secondary意为“第二的,次要的”,minimal意为“最小的”,minimum意为“最小的”,与minimal词义相近,但minimum只能作前置定语。
tiny意为“极小的”,符合句意,故选A。
第2题
daily
routine
commonplace
frequent
B
根据前后逻辑,所填的词应表示与tedious同类意思。
选项中,daily意为“每天的,日常的”,commonplace意为“普通的”,frequent意为“频繁的”,routine意为“例行的”,符合句意,故选B。
第3题
accurate
vigorous
complicated
idle
D
本题对选项词性的判断是关键。
accurate意为“精确的