欧洲文化入门复习题.docx

欧洲文化入门复习题.docx

《欧洲文化入门复习题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《欧洲文化入门复习题.docx（35页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

欧洲文化入门复习题

《欧洲文化入门》复习题

（一）

DivisionOne:

GreekCultureandRomanCulture

GreekCulture

I.填空

1.Europeancultureismadeupofmanyelements,twooftheseelementsareconsideredtobemoreenduringandtheyaretheGreco-RomanelementandtheJudeo-Christianelement.

2.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.

3.Inthesecondhalfofthe4thcenturyB.C.,allGreecewasbroughtundertheruleofAlexander,kingofMacedon.

4.In146B.C.theRomansconqueredGreece.

5.Greekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcentury.

6.Revivedin1896,theOlympicGameshavebecometheworld’sforemostamateursportscompetition.

7.AncientGreeksconsideredHomertobetheauthoroftheirepics.

8.TheIliaddealswiththeallianceofthestatesofthesouthernmainlandofGreece,ledbyAgamemnonintheirwaragainstthecityofTroy.

9.TheOdysseydealswiththereturnofOdysseusaftertheTrojanwartohishome,islandofIthaca.

10.OfthemanylyricpoetsofancientGreece,twoarestilladmiredbyreaderstoday:

SapphoandPindar.

11.SapphowasconsideredthemostimportantlyricpoetofancientGreece.

12.Pindarisbestknownforhisodescelebratingthevictoriesattheathleticgames,suchasthe14Olympicodes.

13.ThethreegreattragicdramatistsofancientGreeceareAeschylus,Sophocles,andEuripides.

14.AeschyluswrotesuchplaysasPrometheusBound,PersiansandAgamemnon.

15.SophocleswrotesuchtragicplaysasOedipustheKing,Electra,andAntigone.

16.EuripideswrotemainlyaboutwomeninsuchplaysasAndromache,Medea,andTrojanWomen.

17.Comedyalsoflourishedinthe5thcenturyB.C..ItsbestwriterwasAristophanes,whohasleftelevenplays,includingFrogs,Clouds,WaspsandBirds.

18.Herodotusisoftencalled“FatherofHistory”.HewroteaboutthewarsbetweenGreeksandPersians.

19.ThucydidesdescribedthewarbetweenAthensandSpartaandbetweenAthensandSyracuse,aGreekstateontheIslandofSicily.

20.Pythagoraswasaboldthinkerwhohadtheideathatallthingswerenumbers.

21.Pythagoraswasthefounderofscientificmathematics.

22.Heracleituebelievedfiretotheprimaryelementoftheuniverse,outofwhicheverythingelsehadarisen.

23.ThegreatestnamesinEuropeanphilosophyareSocrates,PlatoandAristotle.

24.Democrituswasoneoftheearliestphilosophicalmaterialistsandspeculatedabouttheatomicstructureofmatter.

25.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,fourschoolsofphilosophersoftenarguedwitheachother,theyaretheCynics,theSceptics,theEpicureans,andtheStoics.

26.Euclidiswell-knownforhisElements,atextbookofgeometry.

27.Toillustratetheprincipleofthelevel,Archimedesissaidtohavetoldtheking:

“Givemeaplacetostand,andIwillmovetheworld.”

28.Greekarchitecturecanbegroupedintothreestyles:

theDoricstylewhichisalsocalledthemasculinestyle;theIonicstylewhichisalsocalledthefemininestyle;andalaterstylethatiscalledtheCorinthianstyle.

29.TheAcropolisatAthensandtheParthenonarethefinestmonumentofGreekarchitectureandsculptureinmorethan2000years.

30.Inthe20thcentury,thereareHomericparallelsintheIrishmanJamesJoyce’smodernistmasterpieceUlysses.

II.选择

1.Whichculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C.?

A.GreekCulture

B.RomanCulture

C.EgyptianCulture

D.ChineseCulture

2.In___________theRomanconqueredGreece.

A.1200B.C.

B.700B.C.

C.146B.C.

D.The5thcentury

3.WhichofthefollowingworksdescribedthewarledbyAgamemnonagainstthecityofTroy?

A.OedipustheKing

B.Iliad

C.Odyssey

D.Antigone

4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbyAeschylus?

A.Antigone

B.Agamemnon

C.Persians

D.PrometheusBound

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheplayswrittenbySophocles?

A.Electra

B.Antigone

C.TrojanWoman

D.OedipustheKing

6.WhichofthefollowingistheplaywrittenbyEuripides?

A.Antigone

B.Persians

C.Electra

D.Medea

7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthegreatesttragicdramatistofancientGreece?

A.Aristophanes

B.Euripides

C.Sophocles

D.Aeschylus

8.Whoeversaidthat“Youcannotsteptwiceintothesameriver”?

A.Pythagoras

B.Heracleitus

C.Aristotle

9.Whowasthefounderofscientificmathematics?

A.Heracleitus

B.Aristotle

C.Socrates

D.Pythagoras

10.Whoischieflynotedforhisdoctrinethat“manisthemeasureofallthings”?

A.Protagoras

B.Pythagoras

C.Pyrrhon

D.Epicurus

III.名词解释

1.Aeschylus

2.Plato

3.TheCynics

IV.简答与问答

1.WhatarethemajorelementsinEuropeanculture?

2.WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientGreeksociety?

3.WhoweretheoutstandingdramatistsofancientGreece?

Whatimportantplaysdideachofthemwrite?

4.TellsomeofPlato’sideas.Whydopeoplecallhimanidealist?

5.GivesomeexamplestoshowtheenormousinfluenceofGreekcultureonEnglishliterature.

RomanCulture

I.填空

1.TheburningofCorinthin146B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece,whichwasthenreducedtoaprovinceoftheRomanEmpire.

2.TheRomanwriterHoracesaid:

“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”.

3.In27B.C.OctaviustooksupremepowerasemperorwiththetitleofAugustus.

4.TheRomansenjoyedalongperiodofpeacelastingtwohundredyears,aremarkablephenomenoninhistoryknownasthePaxRomana.

5.Inthe4thcentury,theemperorConstantinemovedthecapitalfromRometoByzantium,renameditConstantinople（modernIstanbul）.

6.In476thelastemperorofthewestwasdeposedbytheCothsandmarkedtheendoftheWestRomanEmpire.

7.TheEastRomanEmpirecollapsedwhenConstantinoplefelltotheTurksin1453.

8.JuliusCaesarrecordedwhathedidandsawinthevariousmilitarycampaignshetookpartinandthesewritings,collectedinhisCommentaries,aremodelsofsuccinctLatin.

9.VirgilwasthegreatestofLatinpoetsandwrotethegreatepic,theAeneid.

10.ThePantheonisthegreatestandthebestpreservedRomantemple,whichwasbuiltin27B.C.Andreconstructedinthe2thcenturyA.D..

11.She-wolfisthestatuewhichillustratesthelegendofcreationofRoman.

II.选择

1.Whowrote,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered”?

A.Horace

B.JuliusCaesar

C.Virgil

D.MarcusTulliusCicero

2.TheauthorofthephilosophicalpoemOntheNatureofthingsis___________.

A.Virgil

B.JuliusCaesar

C.Horace

D.Lucretius

3.WhichofthefollowingisnotRomanarchitecture?

A.TheColosseum

B.ThePanthenon

C.TheParthenon

D.PontduGard

4.Whowrote,“CaptiveGreecetookherrudeconquerorcaptive”?

A.Sappho

B.Plato

C.Virgil

D.Horace

III.名词解释

1.JuliusCaesar

2.ThePaxRomana

IV.简答与问答

1.WhatdidtheRomanshaveincommonwiththeGreeks?

Andwhatwasthechiefdifferencebetweenthem?

2.WhatisthebookforwhichVirgilhasbeenfamousthroughoutthecenturies?

InwhatwayisthebooklinkedwiththeGreekpast?

3.WhydowesayAeneasisatrulytragichero?

DivisionTwo:

TheBibleandChristianity

TheOldTestament

Ⅰ填空题

1.Amongallthereligionsbywhichpeopleseektoworship,ChristianityisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest.

2.BothJudaismandChristianityoriginatedinPalestinethehubofmigrationandtraderoutes,whichledtoexchangeofideasoverwideareas.

3.Some3800yearsagotheancestorsoftheJews–theHebrews–wanderedthroughthedesertsoftheMiddleEast.

4.About1300B.C.,theHebrewscametosettleinPalestine,knownasCanaanatthattime,andformedsmallkingdoms.

5.ThekingoftheHebrewswashandeddownorallyfromonegenerationtoanotherintheformoffolktalesandstories,whichwererecordedlaterintheOldTestament.

6.TheBibleisacollectionofreligiouswritingscomprisingtwoparts:

theOldTestamentandtheNewTestament.

7.TheoldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharefirstfivebooks,calledPentateuch.

8.WhentheHebrewsleftthedesertandenteredthemountainousSinai,MosesclimbedtothetopofthemountaintoreceivefromGodmessage,whichcametobeknownastheTenCommandments.

9.ChronologicallyAmosistheearliestprophetintheOldTestament.

10.InBabyloninthe6thcenturyB.C.,theHebrews,nowknownasJews,formedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion.

II选择题

1.WhichofthefollowingisbyfarthemostinfluentialintheWest?

_______

A.BuddismB.IslamismC.ChristianityD.Judaism

2.TheOldTestamentconsistsof39books,theoldestandmostimportantofwhicharethefirstfivebooks,called__________.

A.ExodusB.CommandmentsC.AmosD.Pentaeuch

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthecontentoftheTenCommandments?

_______

A.Honouryourfatherandyourmother

B.Donotcommitsuicide

C.Donotdesireyourneighbour’swife

D.DonottakethenameofGodinvain

4.WheninBabylontheHebrewsformedsynagoguestopractisetheirreligion?

______

A.in169B.C.B.inthe4thcentury

C.in76B.C.D.inthe6thcentury

Ⅲ名词解释

1.theBible

2.thePentateuch

3.TenCommandments

Ⅳ简答与问答

1.WhatwastheHebrewsmajorcontributiontoworldcivilization?

2.WhydowesayJudaismandChristianityarecloselyrelated?

3.WhataretheTenCommandmentsabout?

RiseofChristianity

Ⅰ填空题

1.Attheageof30,JesusreceivedthebaptismatthehandsofJohnBaptist.

2.JesusspentmostofhislifeinGalilee,whereheapparentlymadeasensation.

3.JesusofNazarethlivedinPalestineduringthereignofthefirstRomanEmperorAugustus.

4.JesuswentwithhisdisciplestoJerusalemforthePassover,butwasbetrayedbyJuda.

5.In313theEdictofMilanwasissuedbyConstantineIandgrantedreligiousfreedomtoallandmadeChristianitylegal.

6.In392A.D,EmperorTheodosiusmadeChristianitytheofficialreligionsoftheempireandoutlawedallotherreligions.

7.AfterJesusdied,St.PeterandSt.Paulledthedisciplesof