中考题型专项训练之词汇运用.docx
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中考题型专项训练之词汇运用
专项训练之词汇运用
解题策略
词汇运用试题目的主要是考查学生对单词的拼写能力,以及词形变化和语法知识运用和词组辨别能力等。
试题通常以语篇或对话的形式出现,测试内容以实词为主,虚词很少。
测试题型为单词拼写、选词填空、根据首字母填空等。
Ⅰ.单词拼写解题应注意的事项:
1.要根据上下文之意,熟练运用所学词汇。
【例1】 ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish________(好).
解析:
good,well都意为“好”,因learn为动词,须用well副词
修饰动词。
故填well。
【例2】 It’scoldoutside.Pleaseputonyourw________wintercoat.
解析:
coldoutside意为“外面冷”,故须穿上暖和的冬衣。
以w开头的单词有warm意为“暖和的”。
◎即学即用1:
(1)Iwanttwokilosof(西红柿).
(2)HowarethekidsinYushunow?
Aretheyhappyand
(健康).
(3)Todayismylittlebrother’s(五)birthday.
(4)Lastyearwealotoftreesaroundourschool.Andnowtheygrowwell.
(5)Thisbackpackis,buthestillcan’taffordit.
2.要理解全句,填准词,因为有时英汉并非一一对应。
【例3】 Theboy________(穿着)ajacketismybrother.
解析:
根据中文提示此处可填wears。
但句中已有谓语
动词is,故只能用介词in表穿着。
◎即学即用2:
(1)Jackhas(借)mysciencebookforfourdays.
(2)Thefilmhasbeen(上演)forhalfanhour.
(3)Howlonghaveyou(买)thewatch?
3.要分析所填单词充当的句子成分,判断所填单词的词性。
【例4】 After(完成)hishomework,Jimwenttoplaybasketballwithhisfriends.
解析:
After为介词,须用finish的动名词形式作介词的宾语。
故填finishing。
◎即学即用3:
(1)Theyare(担心)aboutthenextmathtest.
(2)Wouldyoumind(照顾)careofmyflowerswhileI’mout.
(3)Ifit(下雨)tomorrow,theywon’thavethepartyintheopenair.
(4)MymotherisateacherandshehasEnglishinthisschoolfor20years.
(5)Bellacanspeaktwo,FrenchandChinese
4.要注意英汉语言之间的区别。
对于有多个相同意思的单词,
要选择最符合英语习惯的那个。
【例5】 They________(到达)atasmallvillageatlast.
解析:
get,arrive,reach都可意为“到达”。
与at搭配的动词为arrive。
故填arrived。
◎即学即用4:
(1)Myfatheroften(讲)storiesintheeveningwhenIwasalittlechild.
(2)He(花)alldayreadingthenovel.
(3)Mrs.BlackwentbacktoLondonthreedays(以前).
5.要规范、工整地拼写出单词,不要因书写而丢分。
【例6】 (2011丽水)
用方框中所给词汇的适当形式填空(每词限用一次)。
already dictionary help hundred tall
1.WhatanicegirlSallyis!
Sheoften________todohousework.
2.Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikeone________yearsfromnow?
3.Itisnotarightwaytousea________everytimeyoucometoanewwordwhilereading.
4.Althoughheisonlyten,thechildhas________learnedthreelanguages.
5.Tomysurprise,Amyhaschangedalot.Sheismuch________thanmenow.
答案 1.helps;2.hundred;3.dictionary;4.already;5.taller
解析:
1.“萨丽是个多好的女孩啊”可知“她常帮助做家务”。
故填helps。
2.句意为“你能想象从现在开始100年后的生活是怎么样的吗?
”因此hundred符合题意。
故填hundred。
3.下文“阅读时遇到的新单词”可知dictionary符合题意。
4.本题为现在完成时。
already意为“已经”,常用于现在完成时中。
故填already。
5.than是比较级的标志。
故填taller。
◎即学即用5:
选词填空(2011台州)
walk safe hand off cook
(1)Putyourwalletinaplace.
(2)Youmustturnthelightswhenyouleavetheroom.
(3)MymotherwasdinnerwhenIcamebackfromschool.
(4)Justdownthestreet,andyou’llfindtheparkonyourright.
(5)InChina,peopleoftenshakewhentheymeetsomeoneforthefirsttime.
Ⅱ.选词填空解题应注意事项:
1.先对备选的词汇的词性作简单标记,如:
名词n.,动词v.,
形容词a.,副词ad.等。
同时对词义作初步的理解。
2.根据题意或通读全文,猜测空格中所缺的信息,注意发现固
定搭配关系,根据需要去备选词汇中寻找匹配的答案。
3.在填词过程中要注意词形的变化。
既要符合本句的含义,又要保证句式结构的正确。
为了方便记忆,试着记住下面的顺口溜:
空前空后要注意,“名词”单复数要牢记,还有“‘s”不能弃,“动词”注意要变形,“形副”注意要用三种级,要填“数词”请留意,千万别忘“基”和“序”,填入“代词”需慎重,五格变化要谨记。
4.完成填词后,应通读全文,复核校对。
检查单词拼写是否正确,是否有时态、语态、惯用法及词语选用上的错误,以确保答案的正确性。
最后把答案填入答卷时,切勿错位。
强化训练
(一)(2011温州)
nearly busy milk herself wear
1.Myparentsareveryeverydayexceptweekends.
2.Ifyoudon’tsleepwell,youcandrinksomebeforeyougotobed.
3.Sheoftenawhitedress.Whiteisherfavorite.
4.SusancookeddinnerforwhenshestudiedinCanada.
5.IhavelearnedEnglishfor10yearsandI’mverygoodatit.
(二)(2011嘉兴、舟山)
half river keep west loud
1.Eastor,homeisbest.
2.Allrunintosea.
3.Actionsspeakthanwords.
4.Agoodbeginningisdone.
5.Anappleadaythedoctoraway.
(三)(2011绍兴)
eight another spare without invite
1.Thegirlfeltsadbecauseherfriendswentswimmingher.
2.HewastospendthesummerwithhiscousinsinEngland.
3.Whenyouhaveeatenthat,youcanhaveone.
4.Susan’smothermadeabigcakeonherbirthday.
5.Iusedtoplaybasketballinmytime.
(四)(2011衢州)
quiet send center million go
1.TheInternetjoinsofcomputersallovertheworld.
2.It’ssointhepark!
Icanhardlyhearthetrafficinthestreetsandnooneisshouting.
3.I’mlookingforwardtototheForbiddenCitywithmyparents.
4.ViennaisthecapitalcityofAustriaandtheofEuropeanclassicalmusic.
5.Chinaisnowthethirdcountry,aftertheSovietUnionandtheUS,toapersonintospace.
(五)(2011湖州)
A.aloud B.between C.sweep D.twiceE.polite F.friendly
1.It’snottomakenoiseinthemovietheater.
2.ThemanMaryandGinaismynewEnglishteacher.
3.Couldyoupleasethefloor?
It’ssodirty.
4.Pleasereadthemessage,sothatwecanhearyou.
5.It’sagoodhabittobrushourteethaday.
6.Welikeourmathteacher,becauseheisverytous.
(六)(2011淮安)
of teeth turnright doctor belongsto
lovelywasraining withjoy tooth
1.Milliewantstobeawhenshegrowsup.
2.Idon’tknowhowmanythedoghas.
3.Theyoungwomanatthegatelooksinareddress.
4.Danieldidn’tgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseitheavily.
5.ThisbookSimon.I’llgiveitbacktohimatonce.
6.It’sverykindofyou.Thankyouforyourwonderfulpresent.
7.Thechildrenclappedandshoutedwhentheysawtheirfavoritecharacters.
8.Pleaseatthesecondcrossing,andyouwillfindthelibraryonyourleft.
(七)(2011青岛)
copy rise experience save regard...as...mention be
1.carefultolookbothwaysbeforeyoucrossthesheet.
2.—ImymoneysoIcanbuyacar.
—SoamI.
3.Goodboy!
You’redoingsuchagoodjobofmaterialsforme.
4.Theoldteacherusedtogetupbeforethesunsothathecouldcatchtheearlybustowork.
5.Everybabytheappleoftheparents’eye.
6.Asavolunteer,sheloveandhate,sadnessandhappinessinthepasttenyears.
7.Hethinksitnecessaryhissisterinhisspeech,whohassupportedhiminhisuniversitystudy.
(八)(2011安顺)
payattentionto begoodfor fromnowon
bebadforchatwith areveryproudof
1.ThesedaysIhardlyhavetimetomyfriendsontheInternet.
2.Thankforyourhelp,moreandmorepupilscanenjoyfreelunchatschool.
3.LiNahaswonthetennischampioninFrance,weher.
4.Tomaskedhismotherwhattowhenhecookedfish.
5.Don’teatalotofsweetfood.Itwillyourhealth.
(九)(2011杭州)
he the grow high until one
failloud speech when
SirEdmundHillarywasthefirstmantoclimbMountEverest.OnMay29,1953heclimbedandmeasured1.highestmountainthenknowntoman—29,000feetstraightup.Hewasspoken2.offorhiseffortswhenhecameback.Heevenmadeadvertisementsforbigcompanies.However,3.wereadhisbook,HighAdventure,wedon’tunderstandthatHillaryhadtogrowintothissuccess.
Yousee,in1952hetriedtoclimbMountEverest,but4..AfewweekslateragroupinEnglandaskedhimtogivea5.toitsmembers.Hillarywasgivenawarmwelcome6.
walkingonstage.Peopletherethoughthimasahero,butEdmundHillarysaw7.asafailure.Hemovedawayfromthemicrophoneandwalkedtothesideofthestage.
Heliftedonehandandpointedatapictureofthemountain.Hesaidina8.voice,“MountEverest,youbeatmethe9.time,butI’llbeatyouthenexttimebecauseyou’ve10.allyouaregoingtogrow,butI’mstillgrowing!
”
(十)(2011盐城)
job chance fourth why live easy
honestgood inorderto comeout
Goodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.I’mheretodaytoshareagoodlessonwithyou.Itisatruestoryaboutanoverseasstudent
inGermany.
Afteryearsofhardwork,thisstudentgraduatedwithamazingachievements.Everyonethoughthewasgoingtogetagoodeasilyandhaveabrightfuture.Buttohisdisappointment,hewasnotevengiventheforaninterview!
Thethirdtimehewasrefused,hecouldn’thelptelephoningthecompanytoasktheydidn’twanthim.Theanswerwassimple.“Wedon’tofferjobstopeopleinGermany.”
Whatwaswrong,youmightwonder?
Thetruthis,shortlyafterhearrivedinGermany,thiscleverstudentfoundthatitwas
toskipbuyingsubwaytickets.Sosavemoney,heoftenwentwithoutaticket.Asaresult,hehadbeencaughtwithoutaticketinthesubwaytimes.
Fromthisstory,welearnthatwemaygetshorttermbenefitsindishonestways,butthetruthwillsoonerorlaterandthecostishigh.Soremember:
honestyistherule.
That’sallformyspeech.Thankyou!
(十一)(2011福州)
outdoor print show young smoke
rule howeach attention in
Chinahasthelargestnumberofsmokersintheworld.1.year,aboutonemillionChinesediefromsmokingrelatedillness.Officialstatistics(统计)in20072.Chinahas300millionsmokers,withanother540millionpeopleforcedtobreathein.
Chinabegantakingpart3.theWorldHealthOrgani-zationFrameworkConventiononTobaccoControl(《烟草控制框
架公约》)in2006.Governmentsatdifferentlevelshavepaidmore4.totobaccocontrolinthelastfewyears.
Beijing,ShanghaiandHangzhouhavetobaccocontrol5..HalfofChina’spublichealthinstitutionshavebeennonsmokingspacessince2010.Smokinginsomeindoorpublicspacesandspecial6.workspaceshasnotbeenallowedsinceJanuary2011.
Sellingtotobaccotoanyone7.than18isnotallowed.ThesellershouldaskthebuyertoshowhisorherIDcardifthesellercannotsee8.oldthebuyeris.
Nowatleast23countriesusepicturesonthepackagestowarnmorepeopleofthedangersof9..Thepicturewarningsnoware10.inbiggercharacters,andtheuseofcolorsmakesthewarningclearer.
Forothersandforyourself,pleasegiveupsmoking.
(十二)(2011山东)
注意:
有两项多余。
anyway impossible succeed another no
six once plan after because
WhenhedecidedtoproducehisV8motor,Henryfordc