陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案解析.docx
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陶洁版美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案解析
美国文学选读第三版课后习题答案陶洁(部分)
Unit1BenjaminFranklin
Questions
1.WhydidFranklinwritehisAutobiography?
Franklinsaysthatbecausehissonmaywishtoknowabouthislife,heistakinghisoneweekvacationintheEnglishcountrysidetorecordhispast.Healsosaysthathehasenjoyedhislifeandwouldliketorepeatit
2.WhatmadeFranklindecidetoleavethebrothertowhomhehadbeenapprenticed?
Hisbrotherwaspassionate,andhadoftenbeatenhim.Theaversiontoarbitrarypowerthathasstucktohimthroughhiswholelife.Afterabrushwiththelaw,Franklinlefthisbrother.
3.HowdidhearriveinPhiladephia?
FirsthesetoutinaboatforAmboy,theboatdroppedhimoffabout50milesfromBurlington,thenextdayhereachedBurlingtononfoot,inBurlingtonhefoundaboatwhichwasgoingtowardsPhiladelphia,hearrivedthereabouteightornineo’clock,ontheSundaymorningandlandedattheMarketStreetwharf.
4.Whatfeaturesdoyoufindinthestyleoftheaboveselection?
ItisthepatternofPuritansimplicity,directness,andconcision(言简意赅).Thenarrativeislucid(易懂的),thestructureissimple,theimageryishomely(朴素的).
Unit2EdgarAllenPoe
1.Whoisthenarrator?
Whatwrongdoeshewanttoredress?
Montresor.
Fortunato,oneofwineexpertsinsultedhim,sohewantedtomurderhim.
2.WhatisthepretextheusestolureFortunatotohiswinecellar?
HebaitsFortunatobytellinghimhehasobtainedwhathebelievestobeacaskofAmontilladoarareandvaluablesherrywine.
FortunatoisanxioustodeterminewhetherornotitistrulyAmontillado,sohegoestothevaultwithMontresor.
3.WhathappenstoFortunatointheend?
Hewaswalledupalivebehindbricksinawinecellar.
4.DescribebrieflyhowPoecharacterizesMontresorandFortunatoascontrasts?
Poeusescolorimagerytocharacterizethem.Montresorfaceiscoveredinablacksilkmask,Incontrast,Fortunatodressesthemotley-coloredcostumeofthecourtfool,whogetsliterallyandtragicallyfooledbyMontresor'smaskedmotives.
ThecolorschemeshererepresenttheironyofFortunato'sdeathsentence.
Throughtheacts,words,andthoughtsof Fortunato,weknowHeisgreedy,hewasluredintothedarkandsombervaultsjustbecauseacaskofAmontillado.
Thisisalsoduetohisbadhabitofbibulosity(酗酒).Helosthimselfonhearingthewine.
Atthesametime,hewascheatedbyhisenemy,whichreflectedhisignorance.
WhenheheardthepretendedcomplimentfromMontresor,hebecameveryboastfulandarrogant.
Hewaseasilyconfusedbythesuperficialphenomenaandfailedtowatchoutforothers.Hecouldn’ttoleratethatotherswerestrongerthanhim.
Forexample,MontresoralwaysstimulatedhimwithLuchresiwhowasgoodatconnoisseur(鉴赏)inwine.
Undertheimpulseofvanity,hefellintoMontresor’sterribletrap.
Infact,hewascarelessandfoolishanddidn’tfindthatthedangerwasapproachinghim.
HelookeddownuponMontresorandothers.
Hedidn’trealizehisfoolishnessuntilthedeathwascoming.
Talkingfromtheappearance,Monstresorwasawell-educatedand“kind”businessman.
Heenjoyedthehonorandrespectinthecity.Butinfact,hewasanevilandawfulperson.
Hisinnerfeelingsweresocruelthattheyevenmadepeopletremble.
Underhisrichappearancewasthedirtysoulanddespicablecharacter.
Wecouldn’tseeanygloriousvirtuesinhismind.Instead,hisheartwascoldanddark.
ItwastherevengethatthrewMontresorintothedeepevilvalley.
unit4NathanielHawthorne
1.WhyistheprisonthesettingofChapter1?
Nomatterhowoptimisticthefoundersofnewcoloniesmaybe,theyarequicktoestablishaprisonandacemeteryintheir“Utopia,”fortheyknowthatmisbehavior,evil,anddeathareunavoidable.
ThisbelieffitsintothelargerPuritandoctrine,whichputsheavyemphasisontheideaoforiginalsin—thenotionthatallpeoplearebornsinnersbecauseoftheinitialtransgressionsofAdamandEveintheGardenofEden.heisthereforeusingtheprisonbuildingtorepresentthecrimeandthepunishmentwhichareaspectofcivilizedlife
Whatistheimplicationofthedescriptionoftheroses?
Therosebushsymbolizestheabilityofnaturetoendureandoutlastman'sactivities.
ThenarratorsuggeststhatrosesofferareminderofNature'skindnesstothecondemned;forhistale,hesays,itwillprovideeithera“sweetmoralblossom”orelsesomereliefinthefaceofunrelentingsorrowandgloom.
2.DescribetheappearanceofHesterPrynneandtheattitudeofthepeopletowardsher.
Thesecondparagraphonpage30.
Thecrowdinfrontofthejailisamixtureofmenandwomen,allmaintainingseverelooksofdisapproval.
SeveralofthewomenbegintodiscussHesterPrynne,andtheysoonvowthatHesterwouldnothavereceivedsuchalightsentenceforhercrimeiftheyhadbeen