大学英语四级真题及答案.docx
《大学英语四级真题及答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《大学英语四级真题及答案.docx(16页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
大学英语四级真题及答案
2003年6月大学英语四级真题及答案
2003年6月大学英语四级真题及答案
PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)
PassageOne
Questions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Onaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin1981.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet(芭蕾舞).Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:
boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.
“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危机)thataffectstheirparents,”saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”householdsspentcomparablemountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers.)
Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,”saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheirrelationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsages3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit.
Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“freetime”watchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime?
21.Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans________.
A)childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparents
B)childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparents
C)arespendingmoreandmoretimewatchingTV
D)areinvolvedlessandlessinhouseholdwork
25.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.
A)extracurricularactivitiespromotechildren’sintelligence
B)mostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoff
C)effortstogetkidsinterestedinreadinghavebeenfruitful
D)mostparentsbelievereadingtobebeneficialtochildren
PassageTwo
Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
HenryFord,thefamousU.S.inventorandcarmanufacturer,oncesaid,‘ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness.”BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld.
FewwouldarguewithFord’sstatement.AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness.Forexample,nearlyeverynewspaperhasabusinesssection,inwhichthedealsandprojects,financesandmanagement,stockpricesandlaborproblemsofcorporationsarereporteddaily.Inaddition,businessnewscanappearineveryothersection.Mostnationalnewshasanimportantfinancialaspecttoit.Welfare,foreignaid,thefederalbudget,andthepoliciesoftheFederalReserveBankareallheavilyaffectedbybusiness.Moreover,businessnewsappearsinsomeoftheunlikeliestplaces.Theworldofartsandentertainmentisoftenreferredtoas“theentertainmentindustry”or“showbusiness.”
ThepositivesideofHenryFord’sstatementcanbeseenintheprosperitythatbusinesshasbroughttoU.S.life.OneofthemostimportantreasonssomanypeoplefromallovertheworldcometoliveintheUnitedStatesisthedreamofabetterjob.Jobsareproducedinabundance(大量地)becausetheU.S.economicsystemisdrivenbycompetition.Peoplebelievethatthissystemcreatesmorewealth,morejobs,andamateriallybetterwayoflife.
ThenegativesideofHenryFord’sstatement,however,canbeseenwhenthewordbusinessistakentomeanbigbusiness.Andthetermbigbusiness—referringtothebiggestcompanies,isseeninoppositiontolabor.ThroughoutU.S.historyworkingpeoplehavehadtofighthardforhigherwages,betterworkingconditions,andtherighttoformunions.Today,manyoftheoldlabordisputesareover,butthereisstillsomeemployeeanxiety.Downsizing—thelayingoffofthousandsofworkerstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshigh--createsfeelingsofinsecurityformany.
26.TheunitedStatesisatypicalcountry______.
A)whichencouragesfreetradeathomesandabroad
B)wherepeople’schiefconcernishowtomakemoney
C)whereallbusinessesaremanagedscientifically
D)whichnormallyworksaccordingtothefederalbudget
27.TheinfluenceofbusinessintheU.S.isevidencedbythefactthat______.
A)mostnewspapersarerunbybigbusinesses
B)evenpublicorganizationsconcentrateonworkingforprofits
C)Americansofallprofessionsknowhowtodobusiness
D)evenartsandentertainmentareregardedasbusiness
28.Accordingtothepassage,immigrantschoosetosettleintheU.S.,dreamingthat______.
A)theycanstartprofitablebusinessesthere
B)theycanbemorecompetitiveinbusiness
C)theywillmakeafortuneovernightthere
D)theywillfindbetterchancesofemployment
29.HenryFord’sstatementscanbetakennegativelybecause______.
A)workingpeoplearediscouragedtofightfortheirrights
B)therearemanyindustriescontrolledbyafewbigcapitalists
C)thereisaconflictingrelationshipbetweenbigcorporationsandlabor
D)publicservicesarenotrunbythefederalgovernment
30.Acompany’seffortstokeepexpenseslowandprofitshighmayresultin______.
A)reductioninthenumberofemployees
B)improvementofworkingconditions
C)fewerdisputesbetweenlaborandmanagement
D)ariseinworkers’wages
PassageThree
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
ProfessorSmithrecentlypersuaded35people,23ofthemwomen,tokeepadiaryofalltheirabsent-mindedactionsforafortnight.Whenhecametoanalysetheirembarrassinglapses(差错)inascientificreport,hewassurprisedtofindthatnearlyallofthemfellintoafewgroupings.Nordidthelapsesappeartobeentirelyrandom(随机的).
Oneofthewomen,forinstance,onleavingherhouseforworkonemorningthrewherdogherearringsandtriedtofixadogbiscuitonherear.“Theexplanationforthisisthatthebrainislikeacomputer,”explainstheprofessor.“Peopleprogrammethemselvestodocertainactivitiesregularly.Itwasthewoman’scustomeverymorningtothrowherdogtwobiscuitsandthenputonherearrings.Butsomehowtheactiongotreversedintheprogramme.”Aboutoneintwentyoftheincidentsthevolunteersreportedwerethese“programmeassemblyfailures.”
Altogetherthevolunteerslogged433unintentionalactionsthattheyfoundthemselvesdoing–anaverageoftwelveeach.Thereappeartobepeakperiodsinthedaywhenweareatourzaniest(荒谬可笑的).Thesearetwohourssometimebetweeneighta.m.andnoon,betweenfourandsixp.m.withasmallerpeakbetweeneightandtenp.m.“Amongmenthepeakseemstobewhenachangeoverinbrain‘programmes’occurs,asforinstancebetweengoingtoandfromwork.”Womenonaveragereportedslightlymorelapses–12.5comparedwith10.9formen–probablybecausetheyweremorereliablereporters.
Astartlingfindingoftheresearchisthattheabsent-mindedactivityisahazardofdoingthingsinwhichweareskilled.Normally,youwouldexpectthatskillreducesthenumberoferrorswemake.Buttryingtoavoidsillyslipsbyconcentratingmorecouldmakethingsalotworse–evendangerous.
31.InhisstudyProfessorSmithaskedthesubjects______.
A)tokeeptrackofpeoplewhotendtoforgetthings
B)toreporttheirembarrassinglapsesatrandom
C)toanalysetheirawkwardexperiencesscientifically
D)tokeeparecordofwhattheydidunintentionally
32.ProfessorSmithdiscoveredthat______.
A)certainpatternscanbeidentifiedintherecordedincidents
B)manypeopleweretooembarrassedtoadmittheirabsent-mindedness
C)mentendtobemoreabsent-mindedthanwomen
D)absent-mindednessisanexcusablehumanweakness
33.“Programmeassemblyfailures”(Line6,Para.2)referstothephenomenonthatpeople______.
A)oftenfailtoprogrammetheirroutinesbeforehand
B)tendtomakemistakeswhentheyareinahurry
C)unconsciouslychangethesequenceofdoingthings
D)arelikelytomessthingsupiftheyaretootired
34.Welearnfromthethirdparagraphthat______.
A)absent-mindednesstendstooccurduringcertainhoursoftheday
B)womenareverycarefultoperformactionsduringpeakperiods
C)womenexperiencemorepeakperiodsofabsent-mindedness
D)men’sabsent-mindednessoftenresultsinfunnysituations
35.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.
A)peopleshouldavoiddoingimportantthingsduringpeakperiodsoflapses
B)hazardscanbeavoidedwhenpeopledothingstheyaregoodat
C)peopleshouldbecarefulwhenprogrammingtheiractions
D)lapsescannotalwaysbeattributedtolackofconcentration
PassageFour
Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
It’snosecretthatmanychildrenwouldbehealthierandhappierwithadoptiveparentsthanwiththeparentsthatnaturedealtthem.That’sespeciallytrueofchildrenwhoremaininabusivehomesbemusethelawblindlyfavorsbiologicalparents.It’salsotrueofchildrenwhosufferforyearsinfosterhomes(收养孩子的家庭)becauseofparentswhocan’torwon’tcareforthembutrefusetogiveupcustody(监护)rights.
Fourteen-year-oldKimberlyMaysfitsneitherdescription,butherrecentcourtvictorycouldeventua