学年河北省保定市高二上学期期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx
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学年河北省保定市高二上学期期末考试英语试题解析版
河北省保定市2020-2021学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题
一、阅读选择
MaketheBestofaBadSituation
SinceCovid-19spreadsallovertheworld,manypeoplehavetostayindoorsandworkfromhome.Formostofus,itgreatlychallengesourlivesandbringsboredom.Butforafewpeople,workingathomebringsmorecreativity.Herearethreefamoushistoricalfigureswholettheircreativityflowduringpastpandemics.
GiovanniBoccaccio(1313-1375)
Whenaplague(瘟疫)hitFlorencein1348,ItalianwriterGiovanniBoccacciolosthisfatherandstepmother.Inordertosurvive,heleftthecityandhidinthecountryside.Inspiredbytheexperience,BoccacciowroteTheDecameron(《十日谈》),acollectionofshortnovelsframedasstoriestoldbyagroupoffriends,whilehewasquarantined(隔离)insideahouseduringtheplague.
WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)
Intheearly17thcentury,aplaguehitLondon,UK.Whenthenumberofdeathsgrew,thegovernmentpostponedmanycelebrationsandclosedallthetheaters.Thismeantthattheentertainmentindustryatthetimewasparalyzed(瘫痪)formuchof1606.Asanactoranddramatist,Shakespearehadtostopworkingintheplayhouse.Buthedidn'twasteasecondofhistimeoff.Instead,heusedthetimeproductivelyandwrotesomeofhismostfamousplays.Beforetheyearwasover,Shakespearecompletedthreeplays—KingLear,MacbethandAntonyandCleopatra.
IsaacNewton(1642-1727)
In1665,whenEnglishmathematicianIsaacNewtonwasinhisearly20s,oneofthelastmajoroutbreaksoftheplaguehittheUK,andmanyclasseswerecanceled.Newton,asastudent,wentbackhometocontinuehisstudies.
Hedevotedhimselftohisstudies.Theyoungmathematicianproducedsomeofhisbestworksduringhisyearinquarantine,writingthepapersthatwouldlaterbecomeearlycalculus(微积分学),anddevelopinghistheoriesonphysicsinhisbedroom.Whileworking,anappledroppedfromtheappletreeoutsidehiswindowandhithimorthehead,whichmayinspiredhistheoryofgravity.
1.WhatdidBoccacciododuringtheplague?
A.HeleftItalyandhidaway
B.Hestayedindoorsandreadbooks.
C.Hefinishedthegreatwork:
TheDecameron.
D.Hetoldhisfriendsmanyinterestingstories.
2.HowdidtheplagueaffectShakespeare?
A.Hegotmoreentertainment.
B.Hegotmorefreetimetowriteplays.
C.Hebegantoshowinterestinacting.
D.Hewasinspiredtoevaluatehistory.
3.WhatcanwelearnaboutIssacNewtoninquarantine?
A.Hehadtostophisstudyonmath.
B.Heputthefocusonphysicsstudy.
C.Hegotanideaforthetheoryofgravity.
D.Heworkedhardandcompletedhislastwork.
【答案】
1.C
2.B
3.C
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。
文章主要介绍了历史上在流行病爆发期间创造力惊人的名人。
1.
细节理解题。
根据GiovanniBoccaccio部分中“Inspiredbytheexperience,BoccacciowroteTheDecameron(《十日谈》),acollectionofshortnovelsframedasstoriestoldbyagroupoffriends,whilehewasquarantined(隔离)insideahouseduringtheplague.(受这段经历的启发,Boccaccio在瘟疫期间被隔离在一所房子里,写了一本短篇小说集《十日谈》,小说叙述的是一群朋友给彼此讲的故事)”可知,Boccaccio在瘟疫期间完成了这部伟大的著作:
TheDecameron。
故选C。
2.
细节理解题。
根据WilliamShakespeare部分中“Thismeantthattheentertainmentindustryatthetimewasparalyzed(瘫痪)formuchof1606.Asanactoranddramatist,Shakespearehadtostopworkingintheplayhouse.Buthedidn'twasteasecondofhistimeoff.Instead,heusedthetimeproductivelyandwrotesomeofhismostfamousplays.(这意味着当时的娱乐业在1606年的大部分时间里陷入瘫痪。
作为一名演员和剧作家,Shakespeare不得不停止在剧院工作。
但他没有浪费一秒钟的休息时间。
相反,他有效地利用了时间,写了一些他最著名的戏剧)”可知,由于瘟疫的发生,Shakespeare暂时没法在剧院工作,他有了很多休息的时间,他利用这些自由的时间写了一些著名的戏剧。
故选B。
3.
细节理解题。
根据IsaacNewton部分中“Whileworking,anappledroppedfromtheappletreeoutsidehiswindowandhithimorthehead,whichmayinspiredhistheoryofgravity.(在工作时,一个苹果从他窗外的苹果树上掉下来,砸到了他或他的头,这可能启发了他的引力理论)”可知,隔离期间,窗外苹果的掉落,启发了Newton的引力理论,也就是让他对引力理论有了最初的想法。
故选C。
GerardoIxcoyisa27-year-oldteacherinGuatemala.Heteachesintheareawherehavingelectricityissomethingofaluxury(奢侈品)andstudentshavenoaccesstomobileappsorcomputers,whichbecameaproblemwhenGuatemalangovernmenthadtochoosedistanceeducationforstudentsathomebecauseofCOVID-19.
GerardoIxcoyfeltthathehadtoteachthosechildrenlivingfarfromthedigitalworld.Afterall,educationisauniversalrightandGerardoIxcoythoughtthosechildrenshouldn'tbeexcludedfromhavingtheeducationtheyneeded.Therehadtobeanalternativetodistanceeducation.Butwhatwasthesolution?
Gerardoboughthimselfasecondhandtricycle(三轮车)withhissavings.Oncehehadthetricycle,thenextstepwastochangeitintoaclassroomonwheels.Heputaroofwithasolarpanel(太阳能电池板)onit,alongwithascreentoavoidthespreadofCOVID-19.Hefixedawhiteboardonitsohecouldexplaintothestudentsthebasicsofprimaryeducation:
math,thelocallanguageandtheuniversalnationallanguage—Spanish.
Thepurposeofthesolarpanelistoprovideconstantpowerforasmallloudspeakersohecanteachfromadistance.It'samatterofrespectingthehealthydistancerequiredtobesafefromthevirus.He,theteacher,staysoutside,andthestudentparticipatesfromhisorherhouse.
Withthatenthusiasmforeducation,hetriestovisithisstudentsatleasttwiceaweek,ridinghisclassroom-cycle.Thechildrenheservessaythat,althoughhevisitsthemforonlyafewhoursaweek,theylookforwardtoit.Theyappreciatehisvisitandwilltakeadvantageofittolearn.
4.WhatistheproblemfortheGuatemalanstudentsbecauseofCOVID-19?
A.Theycannotcontinuetheirstudyanymore.
B.TheyarecutofffromthedigitalworldandtheInternet.
C.Theyhavenorighttogetthegovernment'sdistanceeducation.
D.Theyhavetogetdistanceeducationbuttheyhavenoaccesstoit.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"excluded"inParagraph2mean?
A.ChosenB.Prevented.
C.Protected.D.Separated
6.WhatdidGerardodotohelpthestudentswiththeirstudy?
A.Heprovidedthemwithawhiteboardtowriteon
B.Hefixedasolarpanelontheirhouseroofstogiveelectricity.
C.Herodehistricycletotheirhousesandtaughtthemfacetoface.
D.Hetransformedhistricycleintoaclassroomonwheeltogivethemlessons.
7.WhatcanwelearnfromGerardoIxcoy'sstory?
A.Loveforeducationbreaksdownbarriers
B.Educationcontributestosuccess.
C.Greathopemakesgreatman.
D.Hardworkpaysoff.
【答案】
4.D
5.D
6.D
7.A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。
文章讲述了教师GerardoIxcoy在COVID-19流行期间,创造条件,为不能接受远程教育的山区学生辅导学习的故事。
4.
细节理解题。
根据第一段中“Heteachesintheareawherehavingelectricityissomethingofaluxury(奢侈品)andstudentshavenoaccesstomobileappsorcomputers,whichbecameaproblemwhenGuatemalangovernmenthadtochoosedistanceeducationforstudentsathomebecauseofCOVID-19.”(他在这个地区教书,那里用电是一种奢侈品,学生无法使用移动应用程序或电脑,由于COVID-19,Guatemalan政府不得不为在家的学生选择远程教育,这成为了一个难题。
)可知,由于COVID-19,Guatemalan的学生必须接受远程教育,但是他们没有机会接受远程教育。
故选D项。
5.
词句猜测题。
根据划线词句前一句“GerardoIxcoyfeltthathehadtoteachthosechildrenlivingfarfromthedigitalworld.”(GerardoIxcoy觉得他必须教那些远离数字世界的孩子们。
)可知,GerardoIxcoy不想让COVID-19流行病影响那些学生接受教育,再根据划线词句“Afterall,educationisauniversalrightandGerardoIxcoythoughtthosechildrenshouldn'tbeexcludedfromhavingtheeducationtheyneeded.”(毕竟,教育是一项普遍的权利,GerardoIxcoy认为,不应该把这些孩子excluded在他们所需要的教育之外。
)可以推测,划线词句意为“这些孩子不应该被排除在教育之外”,所以excluded应是“排除”的意思,选项D“分离”与之意义最为接近。
故选D项。
6.
细节理解题。
根据第三段中“Gerardoboughthimselfasecondhandtricycle(三轮车)withhissavings.Oncehehadthetricycle,thenextstepwastochangeitintoaclassroomonwheels.”(Gerardo用积蓄给自己买了一辆二手三轮车。
一旦他有了三轮车,下一步就是把它变成一个有轮子的教室。
)可知,Gerardo把三轮车改造成一个带轮子的教室给他们上课。
故选D项。
7.
推理判断题。
根据第二段中“GerardoIxcoyfeltthathehadtoteachthosechildrenlivingfarfromthedigitalworld.”(GerardoIxcoy觉得他必须教那些远离数字世界的孩子们。
)和第三段中“Oncehehadthetricycle,thenextstepwastochangeitintoaclassroomonwheels.”(一旦他有了三轮车,下一步就是把它变成一个有轮子的教室。
)以及最后一段中“Withthatenthusiasmforeducation,hetriestovisithisstudentsatleasttwiceaweek,ridinghisclassroom-cycle.”(带着对教育的热情,他试图每周至少拜访学生两次,骑着他的课堂自行车。
)可知,GerardoIxcoy对教育的热爱,为了学生,克服困难,没有条件,创造条件也要上,这足以证明GerardoIxcoy对教育的热爱,打破了教学条件不足的障碍。
故选A项。
Birthdaycardhistoryissaidtobeoverahundredyearsold.ThereisnorecordtotelluswhosentorreceivedthefirstbirthdaycardbutitissaidthatthetraditionofsendingbirthdaycardsbeganinEnglandacenturyago.Inthosetimespeopleusedtopersonallygreetapersononabirthday,butwhenawell-wisherwasunabletodosohesentabirthdaycard.Thusbirthdaycardsweremorelikeanapologyatthattime.
HistoryofgreetingcardscanbetracedbacktotheancientChinesewhoaresaidtohavestartedthetraditionofsendinggoodwillmessagesonNewYearDay.EarlyEgyptianstooarebelievedtohavemadeusedpapyrusscrolls(纸莎草纸画卷)tosendgreetingstodearones.Duringearly1400thetraditionofexchanginghandmadepapergreetingcardsdevelopedinEuropewhileGermansatthattimewereknowntohaveprintedNewYear'sgreetingsfromwoodcuts.Theadvancementinprintingtechnologyin1850shelpedtomakegreetingcardsmoreaffordable.Nowonder,theysoonbecamepopularmeansofpersonalcommunication.Duringthe1980snon-eventcardsorthecardsnotmadeforanyparticularoccasionbecamepopularandhelpedcardindustryreachanewhigh.
GreetingcardshavetakenanewforminthispresentageofInternettechnology.Today,theyarebeingincreasinglyexchangedaselectronicore-greetingcards.Advancementintechnologythatbeganinthe1990shasledtoafurthergrowthincardindustry.Peoplefinditeasiertosende-cardsasameansofexchanginggreetings.
Greetingcardsareanimportantmeansofcommunicatinggoodwishesandlovetoaperson.Theycarryapersonaltouchthatmakesthemlovableandveryspecial.
8.WhatisthefunctionofthebirthdaycardinEnglandacenturyago?
A.Tosendgoodwishes.
B.Topresent