学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题 II.docx

学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题 II.docx

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学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题II

2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末联考试题（II）

本试卷分试题卷和答题卷两部分，试题卷共10页，答题卷共2页。

请按要求把答案涂、写在答题卡规定的范围内，超出答题框或答在试题卷上的答案无效。

满分120分，考试时间100分钟。

考试结束只收答题卡。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题；共70分）

第一部分听力（略）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Inspiringyoungminds!

TOKNOWMagazineisabighitintheworldofchildren’spublishing,bringingauniquebinationofchallengingideasandgoodfuntoyoungfanseverymonth.

WhatissospecialaboutTOKNOWmagazine?

Well,ithasnoadsorpromotionsinside—insteaditisjam-packedwithseriousideas.TOKNOWmakesplexideasattractiveandaccessibletochildren,whocanbeeinvolvedinadvancedconceptsandevenphilosophy（哲学）—andtheywillsoondiscoverthatTOKNOWfeelsmorelikeaclubthanjustamagazine.

What’sinside?

Everymonththemagazineintroducesafreshnewtopicwitharticles,experimentsandcreativethingstomake—themagazinealsoexploresphilosophyandwellbeingtomakesureyoungreadershaveabalancedtakeonlife.

Soundstoogoodtobetrue?

Takealookonline—evidenceshowsthatthousandsofteachersandparentsknowagoodthingwhentheyseeitandremendTOKNOWtotheirfriends.

HappyBirthdayAllYear!

Whatcouldbemorefunthanagiftthatkeepsingthroughtheletterboxeverymonth?

Thefirstmagazinewithyourgiftmessagewillarriveintimeforthespecialday.

SUBSCRIBENOW

□AnnualSubscription

Europe£55RestofWorld£65

□AnnualSubscriptionwithGiftPack

IncludesaMammothMap,apassportPuzzleBooklet,andSubscription

Europe£60RestofWorld£70

RefundPolicy—thesubscriptioncanbecancelledwithin28daysandyoucangetyourmoneyback.

21.WhyisTOKNOWaspecialmagazine?

A.Itentertainsyoungparents.B.Itprovidesseriousadvertisements.

C.Itpublishespopularsciencefictions.D.Itbinesfunwithplexconcepts.

22.WhatdoesTOKNOWofferitsreaders?

A.Onlinecourses.B.Articlesonnewtopics.

C.Lecturesonabalancedlife.D.Reportsonscientificdiscoveries.

23.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakea12-monthsubscriptiontoTOKNOWwithgiftpackfromChina?

A.£55.B.£60.C.£65.D.£70.

24.SubscribersofTOKNOWwouldget.

A.freebirthdaypresentsB.fullrefundwithin28days

C.membershipoftheTOKNOWclubD.chancestomeettheexpertsinperson

B

Disease,poverty,hate,love—CharlesDickens’storiesopenedhisreaders’eyestothemostimportantthemesofhisage.Twohundredyearslater,hisstoriesstillspeakvolumesacrosstheworld,provingthatDickens’legacy（遗产）wasfargreaterthanjust“greatliterature”.

February7marksthe200thanniversaryofthewriter’sbirthday.Tomarkthisdate,BBCwriterAlexHudsonlistedsixthingsDickensgavethemodernworld.Let’stakealookattwoofthem.

AwhiteChristmas

Dickensisdescribedas“themanwhoinventedChristmas”—notthereligiousfestival,buttheculturalaspectsthatweassociatewiththefestive（喜庆的）seasontoday．

Intheearly19thcentury,Christmaswasbarelyworthmentioning,accordingtocriticandwriterLeighHunt.ThemitteewhichrantheConservativePartyevenheldordinarybusinessmeetingsonChristmasDay—unthinkableintheWestnowadays,wheneveryone,butthemostnecessaryworkerstakesatleastthreedaysoff.

ManypeoplebelievethatDickens’populardescriptionsofthefestiveperiodbecameablueprintforgenerationstoe.Inhisclassicnovel,AChristmasCarol,henotonlyputforwardtheideaofsnowatChristmas,butalsopaintedapictureofglowingwarmth—“homeenjoyments,affectionsandhopes”.

InhisbiographyofDickens,PeterAckroydwrote,“Dickenscanbesaidtohavealmostsingle-handedlycreatedthemodernideaofChristmas.”

“Dickensian”poverty

DickenswasoneofthefirsttotakeanhonestlookattheunderclassandthepoorofVictorian（theperiodduringBritishQueenVictoria’sreignfrom1837to1901）London.

Hehelpedpopularizetheterm“redtape”todescribesituationswherepeopleinpoweruseneedlessamountsofbureaucracy（官僚作风）inawaythatparticularlyhurtstheweakerandpoorermembersofsociety.

“Dickensian”hasnowbeeapowerfulwordfordescribinganunacceptablelevelofpoverty.Inxx,whenthepresidentoftheAssociationofTeachersandLecturersintheUKwantedtotalkaboutpovertyinsomeareasofBritain,shedidnotusewordslike“terrible”or“horrific”,butratherdescribeditas“lifemirroringthetimesofDickens”.

25.Thearticleismainlyabout__________.

A.CharlesDickens’impactontheworld.

B.AnintroductiontoCharlesDickens’classicnovels

C.CharlesDickens’amazingcharacters

D.WhyCharlesDickensispopularacrosstheworld

26.WhyisDickenscalled“themanwhoinventedChristmas”?

A.Becausehecreatedthereligiousfestival.

B.BecauseoneofhisnovelshelpedtoshapeChristmascelebrations.

C.BecausemanyofhisnovelshavesomethingtodowithChristmas.

D.BecausehewasthefirstmantohaveproposedcelebratingChristmas.

27.Accordingtothepassage,theunderlinedphrase“redtape”refersto__________.

A.rulesorproceduresthatarerequiredtoacplishatask

B.asituationinwhichpoormembersofsocietyarehurt

C.conflictbetweenpeopleinpowerandweakerpeople

D.pointlesslytime-consumingofficialprocedures

28.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.

A.CharlesDickens’novelsreflectthetruelifeathisage

B.everyonecantakethreedaysoffforChristmas

C.DickensinventedChristmas

D.Dickensgavethemodernworldsixthings

C

Weliveinasweetworld.TheaverageAmericankidseatmorethan20teaspoonsofsugarperday,andadultseat50%moresugartodaythantheydidinthe1970s.Weallknowthattoomuchsugarisn’tgoodforus.ResearchersattheUniversityofUtahusedmicetodoastudyonthebadeffectsofsugar.Theyfounditcouldhaveseriouseffectsonpeople’shealthseriously.

Duringthe58-week-longstudy,micewerefedadietcontaining25%moresugar.Thispercentageequalsahealthyhumandietalongwiththreecansofsodadaily.Theteamfoundthatthesemiceweretwiceaslikelytodieasmicefedasimilardietwithoutthesugar.Thoughthemicedidnot showsignsofobesityorhighbloodpressure,malemiceproduced25%feweroffspring（后代）thantheothermice.

Scientistsoftenusemiceforresearchbecausetheyhaveasimilargenetic（基因的）structuretohumans.“Sincemostsubstances（物质）thataredangerousinmicearealsodangerousinpeople;it’slikelythatthosephysicalproblemsthatcausethosemicetohaveincreaseddeathsalsoworkinpeople,”saysthestudyauthorJamesRuffoftheUniversityofUtah.Findingsfromthisstudyshowbadeffectsthatarenotasnoticeableasweightgainorheartproblems.Sugarcancontributetolong-termchangesinthebodythatcanchangedevelopmentandevenshortenlives.

Differenttypesofsugarhavedifferenteffectsonthehumanbody.Someofthesugarweconsumeesfromfoodswemightexpect—candy,sodaandcookies.Butmuchofthesugarthatweeatishidden.Foodpaniesaddlargeamountsofsugartoitemswemaynotclassifyassweets.Tohelpcutdownextrasugarconsumption,nutritionexpertssuggestlookingattheingredientsonfoodpackages.CuttingsugaroutoftheAmericandietaltogethermaybedifficult.Butmakingtheefforttocontrolournation’sdesireforsugarwillavoidasweeterfuture.

29. AccordingtoParagragh2,wecanknow________.

  A. miceeatingmoresugarwilllivelonger

B. thestudyonmicelastedlessthanayear

C. thestudyshowedthebadeffectsofmoresugaronmice

D. miceeatingmoresugarwillbeefatterandfatter

30. Whydidthescientistschoosemicetodothestudy?

A. Becauseasubstancemayhavethesameeffectsonmiceandhumans.

B. Becausemicehavealongerlifespan（寿命）thanotheranimals.

C. Becausemicetakeintheharmfulsubstanceseasilyandquickly.

D. Becausemicearesensitivetothesweettaste.

31. Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Livingasweetlife          B.Kidseatmuchmoresugar

C.Geneticstructureofhumans      D.Dangeroftoomuchsugar

D

AlmosteverybodyinAmericawillspendapartofhisorherlifebehindashoppingcart.Theywill,inalifetime,pushthechrome-platedcontraptionsmanymiles.Butfewwillknow—oreventhinktoask—whoitwasthatinventedthem.SylvanN.Goldmaninventedtheshoppingcartin1937.Atthattimehewasinthesupermarketbusiness.Everydayhewouldseeshopperslugginggroceriesaroundinbasketstheyhadtocarry.

OnedayGoldmansuddenlyhadtheideaofputtingbasketsonwheels.Thewheeledbasketswouldmakeshoppingmucheasierforhiscustomers,andwouldhelptoattractmorebusiness.

OnJune4,1937,Goldman’sfirstcartswerereadyforuseinhismarket.Hewasterriblyexcitedonthemorningofthatdayascustomersbeganarriving.Hecouldn’twaittoseethemusinghisinvention.

ButGoldmanwasdisappointed.Mostshoppersgavethecartsalonglook,buthardlyanybodywouldgivethematry.

Afterawhile,Goldmandecidedtoaskcustomerswhytheyweren’tusinghiscarts.“Don’tyouthinkthisarmisstrongenoughtocarryashoppingbasket?

”oneshopperreplied.

ButGoldmanwasn’tbeatenyet.Heknewhiscartswouldbeagreatsuccessifonlyhecouldpersuadepeopletogivethematry.Tothisend,Goldmanhiredagroupofpeopletopushcartsaroundhismarketandpretendtheywereshopping!

Seeingthis,therealcustomersgraduallybegancopyingthephony（假冒的）customers.

AsGoldmanhadhoped,thecartsweresoonattractinglargerandlargernumbersofcustomerstohismarket.Butnotonlydidmorepeoplee—thosewhocameboughtmore.Withlarger,easier-to-handlebaskets,customersunconsciouslyboughtagreaternumberofitemsthanbefore.

Today’ssh