英语代词总结-PPT.ppt
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代词,(pron.),代词,人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,指示代词,疑问代词,主格,宾格,形容词性,名词性,不定代词,thisthatthesethose,whowhomwhosewhatwhich,普通不定代词复合不定代词,一、人称代词、物主代词、反身代词一表清,
(一)人称代词的语序:
单数形式:
(二、三、一)即:
you/he/IYou,sheandIallenjoythemusic.复数形式:
(一、二、三)即;we/you/they,
(二)、名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词,Thesebooksarentours.Oursarenew.(ourbooks=ours)Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(ourroom=ours),“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属Asisterofhisisanurse.他的一个妹妹是个护士。
Tomisafriendofmine我的一个朋友,1.Sheisafriendof_.A.myB.mineC.I2.Thisisntmypen,itis_.A.herB.hisC.him3.Frankcantfind_dictionary.Canyoulend_to_?
A.her,mine,herB./,yours,heC.his,yours,him,二、it的用法,it既是宾格又可以做主格,有时也可以指人。
1.代表前面提到过的事物。
如:
Mypenismissing.Icantfinditanywhere.2.用来指人,主要指婴儿或者身份不明的人。
-Whoisknockingatthedoor?
-Itisme.Thewomanhadababy.Itwasfivemonthsold.,二、it的用法,3.表示时间、距离、天气等。
如:
Itwillbesunnytomorrow.4.作形式主语或者形式宾语。
如:
IfounditdifficulttolearnEnglishwellfirst.Itisimpossibleforustolearnaforeignlanguage.,it固定句型1.做某事情对某人来说是Itis+adj.(+forsb.)+todosth.Itishardformetodothiswork.2.轮到某人做Itsonesturntodosth.Itsyourturntocleantheroom.3.是(某人)做某事的时候了Itstime(forsb.)todosth.Itstimeforyoutodothehomework.4.据说ItssaidthatItssaidthatyourteacherleaveourschool.,5.某人花费做某事Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.6.自从以来,已经有(时间)了。
Itis/hasbeen+时段+since+从句(过去时)7.某人发现/认为/感觉到做某事是的findsb.thinkfeel,+it+adj.todo,Ifound_verydifficulttomakeprogressinmystudy.A.itsB.itC.that2.It_myfatherawholemonthtogoonbusiness.A.spentB.costC.took3.Itisgreatfun_surfingontheInternet.A.goB.togoC.going,三、反身代词的用法,定义:
反身代词又称自身代词,由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称人称代词宾格,单数加词尾self、复数加词尾selves构成,可用口诀简记如下:
反身代词表自身,self与selves单数、复分。
一、二人称形代后,第三人称改用宾。
三、反身代词的用法,
(一)作动词的宾语反身代词可以与enjoy,hurt,teach,lookafter等词连用,表明动作的承受者就是主语本身。
1.enjoyoneself=haveagoodtimeDidyouenjoyyourselfatthepartylastnight?
2.helponeself(tosth.)随便吃点什么,后面可接食物,一般用在宴会当中,用来招呼客人的用语。
Helpyourselvestosomefruit,children.,三、反身代词的用法,3.hurtoneself伤着自己Shedidnthurtherself.4.teachoneself=learnbyoneself自学DidyouteachyourselfEnglish?
=DidyoulearnEnglishbyyourself?
5.lookafteroneself照顾自己Icanlookaftermyselfwell,thanks.,三、反身代词的用法,6.saytooneself自言自语Marysaidtoherself,“WhatshallIdo?
”etooneself苏醒Soontheladycametoherself.8.makeoneself+过去分词,使自己被别人Shedidherbesttomakeherselfunderstood.,9.makeyourselfathome别客气,让自己像在家一样Helpyourselftosomefish.Makeyourselfathome.10.loseoneselfin沉浸于陶醉于Theybothlostthemselvesinthebeautifulmusic.,三、反身代词的用法,
(二)反身代词和介词连用构成介词宾语1.byoneself=alone自己做Shehasdoneherhomeworkbyherself.2.foroneself为自己Shemadetheskirtforherself.3.ofoneself自然而然的、自动的Thedooropenedofitself.4.amongthemselves在他们中间Theyarediscussingthematteramongthemselves.,三、反身代词的用法,(三)作表语反身代词可与be动词或系动词连用,表示或描述一种感觉、情绪或状态。
Thelittleboywasmyself.(四)用作主语或宾语的同位语,往往用来加强名词或代词的语气,在句中可置于名词、代词之前、之后或句子末尾。
1.作主语的同位语Youwillhavetodoityourself.Hehimselfwrotethewordsandmusicofthesongs.2.作宾语的同位语Iwillgivethelettertoyourbrotherhimself.YoudbetteraskMaryherselfaboutit.,Themanisrich,hecanbuy_alotofthings.A.heB.hisC.himself2.-Whatalovelycard!
Wheredidyoubuyit?
-Imadeitby_.A.meB.myselfC.itself3.“Help_tosomechicken,”mymothersaidtotheguests.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.your,四、指示代词this/that/these/those,指示代词(this,that,these,those)在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语:
Thisisyoursandthatismine.Iliketheseandhelikesthose.Thesecomputersarecheap.WhatIwanttosayisthis.,this与that用法比较1.用来回指上文提到的事情时,可用this或that,但是若要指下文叙述的事情,通常要用this:
ShemarriedJim,andthisthatsurprisedme.Iwanttoknowthis:
Ishehealthy?
我想知道这一点:
他是否很健康。
2.在打电话时,通常用this指自己,用that指对方:
Hello.ThisisJim.IsthatJohn?
喂,我是吉姆,你是约翰吗?
表替代的that与those有时为了避免重复,可用that和those代替前面提到的名词:
ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.中国人口比日本人口多得多。
(that=thepopulation)HisviewsareclosetothoseoftheSocialistParty.他的观点接近社会党的观点。
(those=theviews),That和those可作定语从句的先行词,但this和these不能,同时,在作先行词时,只有those可指人,试比较:
Headmiredthatwhichlookedbeautiful.他赞赏外表漂亮的东西。
Headmiredthosewholookedbeautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的人。
(those指人)Headmiredthosewhichlookedbeautiful.他赞赏那些外表漂亮的东西。
(those指物),指示代词,ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthan_ofJinan.A.thatB.thisC.itTheradiosmadeinBeijingareasgoodas_madeinQingdao.A.thatB.theseC.thoseWhatIwanttotellyouis_thefilmwillbeateight.A.itB.thisC.that,【辨析】one,it,thatit常用来特指上下文提到的同一事物,用来指可数名词或者不可数名词,one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一份子,用于代替可数名词,that常用在比较等级中,代表前面提到的名词,以避免重复。
Thebookismine.Itisveryinteresting.Ihavesomeapples.Youcanhaveone.TheweatherofDalianismuchwetterthanthatofLanzhou.,oneit,Theboxisinthemiddleoftheroom.Move_away.A.itB.oneC./Ihavelostmypen.Ihavetobuy_.A.oneB.itC./Howniceyourbagis!
Iwanttobuy_.A.itB.oneC./,one同类不同件it同类同件,五、不定代词some,any,each,every,both,neither,all,none等,
(一)some与anysome一般用于肯定句中,意思是