高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库.docx

高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库.docx

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高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库

河北海兴中学20XX年高考英语阅读理解专项分类突破题库

（地理类）

1

DeathValleyisoneofthemostfamousdesertsintheUnitedStates,coveringawideareawithitsalkalisand.Almost20percentofthisareaiswellbelowsealevel,andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates.

LongagothePanamintIndianscalledthisplace“Tomesha”―thelandoffire.DeathValley’spresentnamedatesbackto1849,whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory.TodayDeathValleyhasbeendeclaredaNationalMonument纪念碑andiscrossedbyseveralwell-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily.Luckilythechangecreatedbyhumansettlementhashardlyruinedthespecialbeautyofthisplace.

Herenaturecreatedalotofsurprising,almostlikethesightsonthemoon,ever-changingasthefrequentwindmovesthesandabout,showingthemostunusualcolors.OneofthemostastonishingandvariablepartsofDeathValleyistheDevil’sGolfCourse,whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams.Sandsculptures沙雕standonafrighteningground,aseveningshadowsmoveandlengthen.

1._______isthelowestplaceinthedesert.

A.TomeshaB.DeathValley

C.NevadaD.Badwater

2.Thenameofthevalleycomesfrom_______.

A.anIndiannameB.thedeathoftheminers

C.thelocalpeopleD.aNationalMovement

3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_______.

A.noonehadeverknownthedesertbeforetheminers

B.it’sstillnoteasytotravelacrossthedesert

C.peoplecanfindgas-stations,cafesandhotelsinthedesert

D.peoplehavechangedthenaturalsightofthedesert

4.DevilGolfCourseisfamousfor_______.

A.thefrequentwindB.thecolorsofthesand

C.dream-likesightsD.thesandsculptures

5.Fromthepassagewecanseethatthewriter_______theDeathValley.

A.appreciatesB.isfearfulof

C.dislikesD.istiredof

【答案解析】本文介绍了美国的一个著名沙漠――“死亡谷”名称的由来以及“死亡谷”奇特的风光。

1.D。

细节题。

根据…andBadwater,asaltwaterpool,isabout280feetbelowsealevelandthelowestpointintheUnitedStates可推知此题答案为D。

2.B。

推断题。

根据…whenagroupofminerscomingacrossfromNevadabecamelostinitsunpleasantnessandhugenessandtheiradventureturnedouttobeasadstory…可知“死亡谷”的名称来源于这些迷路矿工的死亡。

3.C。

推断题。

根据…well-markedroadswheregoodservicescanbefoundeasily…可以判断C为最佳答案。

4.C。

细节题。

根据…whereitseemshardforonetotellrealityfromterribledreams可推知答案为C。

5.A。

推断题。

根据thespecialbeautyofthisplace…likethesightsonthemoon…ever-changing…showingthemostunusualcolors等关键词语可以知道作者是带着赞赏的语气来描述“死亡谷”的。

2

TheErieCanalwasthefirstimportantnationalwaterwaybuiltintheUS.ItcrossedNewYorkfromBuffaloonLakeErieTroytoAlbanyontheHudsonRiver.ItjoinedtheGreatLakeswiththeAtlanticOcean.Thecanalservedasarouteoverwhichindustrialgoodscouldflowintothewest,andmaterialscouldpourintotheeast.TheErieCanalhelpedNewYorkdevelopintothenation’slargestcity.

ThebuildingofthecanalwaspaidforentirelybythestateofNewYork.Itcost$7143789,butitsoongaineditspricemanytimesover.Between1825,whenthecanalwasopened,and1882,whentollcharges过运河费werestopped,thestatecollected$121461891.

ForahundredyearsbeforetheEriewasbuilt,peoplehadbeentalkingaboutacanalwhichcouldjointheGreatLakesandtheAtlanticOcean.ThemanwhoplannedtheErieCanalandcarriedtheplanthroughwasDeWittClinton.Thosewhowereagainstthecanallaughinglycalledit“Clinton’sDitch沟”.Clintontalkedandwroteaboutthecanalanddrewupplansforit.HeandGovernorMorriswenttoWashingtonin1812toaskforhelpforthecanal,buttheywereunsuccessful.

ClintonbecamegovernorofNewYorkin1817,andshortlyafterwards,onJuly4,1817,brokegroundforthecanalinRome,N.Y.Thefirstpartofthecanalwascompletedin1820.Asthecanalgrew,townsalongitscoursedevelopedfast.Thelengthofthecanalis363miles.

1.WecanseethattheErieCanal________.

A.joinedtheGreatLakestogether

B.crossedNewYorkfromnorthtosouth

C.playedanimportantpartindevelopingNewYorkCity

D.wasthefirstwaterwaybuiltintheUS

2.Itcanbeinferredthat________intotheAtlanticOcean.

A.theGreatLakesflow　　　　　　　　B.theHudsonRiverflows

C.LakeErieflows　　　　　　　　　　D.theErieCanalflows

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheErieCanalbroughtprofitsofover$114,000,000.

B.It’s363milesfromtheGreatLakestotheAtlanticOcean.

C.TheWestwasmoreadvancedthantheEastwhenthecanalwasbuilt.

D.ManyotherstateshelpedNewYorkbuiltthecanal.

4.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Clintonbrokegroundforthecanalatbothends.

B.Clintonstartedbuildingthecanalbeforehebecamegovernor.

C.Allpartsofthecanalwerecompletedatthesametime.

D.Constructionofthecanaltookeightyears.

1―4CBAD　

【答案与解析】本文介绍了ErieCanal的作用及修建过程。

1.C。

细节题。

根据文章第1段最后一句TheErieCanalhelpedNewYorkdevelopintothenation’slargestcity及全段内容，可推知此题答案为C。

2.B。

推断题。

根据文章第1段第2句和第3句：

运河fromBuffaloonLakeErieTroytoAlbanyontheHudsonRiver横跨了NewYork把theGreatLakes和theAtlanticOcean联系起来了可推知此题答案为B。

3.A。

推断题。

通过比较文章第2段第2句Itcost$7,143,789和第2段最后一句中的…thestatecollected$121,461,891可推知此题答案为A。

4.D。

推断题。

根据文章最后一段第1句中的…onJuly4,1817,brokegroundforthecanalinRome,N.Y.和第2段第2句中的Between1825,whenthecanalwasopened…可推知此题答案为D。

自然类

1

Thebluetits山雀havebeeninspectingthenest-boxagainthisyear.Themaleisthehouse-hunterbutthefemalewillmakethefinalchoice.Helandsattheholeandturnshisheadtoexposehiswhitecheeksasasignaltoattractthefemalefromwhereshehasbeenfeeding.

Amongmanybirdsthatnestinholes,themalehasalight-colouredpatchonitsplumage鸟羽whichactsassignalfordrawingthefemale’sattentiontoasuitablenesting-place.Unlikethebluetit,theredstart红尾鸲maybeonlythemalethatstrikinglycolouredandthefemaleisnotbeautiful.

AfewyearsagoIwasluckyenoughtospotapairofredstartsinactioninaWalshwood.Themalewasleadinganinterestedfemaletoholesthathehadpreviously先前checkedout.Hesatattheentranceofeachholeandputhisheadontoshowoffhiswhiteforehead,orhisheadintoreveal显露histail.

Ifthefemalefailedtoreacttohisvisualsignals,themalesometimessangforextraeffect,whileglidingtowardsheronspreadwingsandtail.Oncethefemaleacceptsbyfollowingthemalethroughtheholethedisplaysstop,youmustbeattherightplaceattherighttimetowatchthem.

1.Howdothebluetitschoosetheirnest?

A.Theychoosetheirnesttogether.

B.Themalechoosestheirnest.

C.Thehouse-hunterchoosestheirnest.

D.Thefemalechoosestheirnest.

2.Thewriterwasluckytosee________.

A.howthemalemadehistricks

B.howaninterestedfemaleplayedwiththemalehappily

C.whatthemaledisplayedandwonthefemale

D.thatthemaletriedhisbestbutfailedtoattractthefemale

3.YoucanspotapairofredstartsinaWalshwood________.

A.atanytimeB.regularlyC.inAprilD.occasionally

4.Thewriterisprobably________.

A.abirdexpertB.abird-hunter

C.abirdraiserD.ascientist

【答案与解析】本文主要是讲themaleredstart是怎样使出浑身解数吸引thefemale入巢的。

1.D。

细节题。

从第1段第2句话Themaleisthehouse-hunterbutthefemalewillmakethefinalchoice可以做出正确选择。

2.C。

判断题。

从第3段第1句IwasluckyenoughtospotapairofredstartsinactioninaWalshwood和文章第三、四段的内容可知答案为C。

3.D。

语义理解题。

根据AfewyearsagoIwasluckyenoughto…和…youmustbeattherightplaceattherighttimetoseethem可知答案为D。

4.A。

推断题。

从文章内容来看，文中不仅提到了鸟的一些习性，而且对雄鸟如何吸引雌鸟入巢了解得很清楚，可见作者可能是一位研究鸟类的专家。

2

Althoughmanhasknownasbestosformanyhundredsofyears,itwasnotuntil160yearsagothatitwasminedforthefirsttimeontheNorthAmericancontinent.H.W.Johns,ownerofaNewYorkCitySupplyShopforroofers,wasresponsiblefor对…负责theopeningofthatfirstmine.

Mr.JohnswasgivenapieceofasbestoswhichhadbeenfoundinItaly.Heexperimentedwiththematerialandthenshoweditssurprisingpowerstohiscustomers.Afterputtingonapairofasbestosgloves,whichlookedmuchlikeordinaryworkgloves,hetookred-hotcoalsfromthefireplaceandplayedwiththeminhishands.Howastonishedthecustomersweretodiscoverthathewasnotburnedatall.Youcanwellimaginethathehadincreasingbusinessinasbestosroofingmaterials.However,becauseitwasveryexpensivetotransportcarrythemfromItalytotheUnitedStates,Mr.Johnssentoutayoungscientisttoseekasourcenearerhome.Thisyoungmanfoundgreatvein岩脉,intheprovinceofQuebecinCanada.

Eversince1881Quebechasledtheworldintheproductionofthisunusualmineral,whichismadeupofmagnesium,silicon,iron,andoxygen.Whenitismined,theasbestosisheavy,justasyouwouldexpectamineraltobe.Whenitisseparated,astrangethinghappens;therockbreaksdownintofine,soft,soapyfibres纤维.

Scientistsdonotknowwhytherockcanbeseparatedeasilyintothreads线,buttheyhavefoundthousandsofusesofthisfireproofmaterial,oftheso-called“clothofstone”.

1.Whichtitlebestexpressesthemainideaofthispassage?

A.AsbestosminedinCanadaB.Fireproofmatter

C.A“wonder”mineralD.Anewroofingmaterial

2.Johnsprovedhisabilityasasalesmanby_______.

A.goingintoroofingbusinessB.carryingasbestosfromItaly

C.sendingatrainedscientistD.showingtheuseofasbestosgloves

3.Whichisthemostimportantcharacterofasbest