新编大学英语第二版第一册教参1第4课课后答案包括讨论题.docx

新编大学英语第二版第一册教参1第4课课后答案包括讨论题.docx

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新编大学英语第二版第一册教参1第4课课后答案包括讨论题

Unit4

FreshStart

UsefulInformation

Asteachers,weallgreeteachnewschoolyearwithfeelingsofanticipation,excitement,andevenabitofapprehensionaswewonderwhatournewgroupsofstudentswillbelike.Willtheybeambitiousandinterestedlearnersreadytoabsorbnewwordsandideastomakethemtheirown,orwillwehavetoprodandpushthemtolearnthenewmaterialstowhichtheyarebeingintroduced?

Sometimes,infactoften,aclasswillhaveamixtureofbothkindsofstudents.

Intheteachingprofession,unlikemanyotherprofessions,wehavetheopportunitytomakeafreshstarteachyear,indeedeachsemester.Wehavetheleisuretoconsiderwhatwentrightandwhatwentwronginthepreviousclasses;wecanalsotryslightlydifferentmethodsofteaching，repeatingtheminthefutureiftheyworkanddiscardingthemiftheydon’t.Inthisrespectteachersarefortunateindeed.

Whataboutthestudents?

Iftheyarefreshmen,theyhavemanyapprehensionsandmanytensions.Theyarehavingtomakeadjustmentstodormitorylife,nosmallthingformanyofthem.Theyalsoarenowawayfromasecurebaseoffamilyandfriendsandarehopingthattheycanmakenewfriendswithwhomtheycansharetheirhopesandfears.Probablytheyaremostapprehensiveaboutwhetherornottheycansucceedincollege,andtheymaybequiteworriedastowhetherornottheywillbeabletosucceedinthisEnglishclass.

ActuallytheEnglishclassroomcanbeaplacewherestudents’apprehensionsareeased.Insmallgroupdiscussionstheycanbeencouragedtotalkaboutthemselves,theirbeliefs,andeventheirfears.Thestudentsinthesmallgroupscanbeverysupportiveofoneanotheriftheyareencouragedtobeso.Often,praisefrompeerscanmeanmoretostudentsthanpraisefromtheirteachersbecausetheyareinsecureintheirsocialrelationships.Studentscanalsoexpresssomeoftheirconcernsthroughwritingassignments.Oftenjustwritingdownsomethingthatisbothersomecanmakeanindividualfeelbetter.ItwouldbewonderfulifwecouldmaketheEnglishclassaplacethatstudentslookforwardtoentering.Itisnotimpossibletohavethishappen,andweteacherscanthinkaboutwhatwecandotomakeitso.

Inasense,eachdayisanewbeginningforbothstudentsandteacher,atimewhenafreshstartcanbemade.Weallhavehadclasssessionsthatdidn’tgoexactlyaswewouldhaveliked.Thebeautyofteachingisthatwecanthinkabouthowwecankeepthatfromhappeningagain.Toliveandtobeactivemeansthatwewillallmakemistakes.Wecanlearnnottobecrushedbyourmistakesbuttolearnfromthem,anditisessentialthatwehelpourstudentstolearnthis,too.Ifwecanfindpositivethingstosaytoastudentwhohashada“badday,”wecanhelphimtorealizethathecanmakeafreshstartduringthenextclassandprobablywilldobetter.Weteachersalreadyknowthis,butsometimesitdoesn’thurtthatweremindourselvesofthefact.Ifstudentsseekhelpfromus,wecanaidtheminmakingtheirfreshstarts,eventhoughsometimeswewonderifwehavethetimetodoso.Then,withtheirindividualsuccesses,wewillfeeland,indeed,besuccessfultoo.

Philosophersandpoetshavealsorecognizedtheimportanceoffreshstarts,orbeginnings.The5thcenturyB.C.GreekphilosopherPlatostatedthat“thebeginningisthemostimportantpartofthework.”JohnDryden,the17thcenturyBritishpoet,remindedhisreadersoftheimportanceofbeginningsbothinnatureandinart,whenhewrote:

“ByviewingNature,Nature’shandmaidArt,

Makesmightythingsfromsmallbeginningsgrow.”

PartOnePreparation

1.AFreshman’sAlphabet

AisfortheASSIGNMENTSthattheteachersgiveus.

BisfortheBOOKSthatIenjoyreading.

CisfortheCAMPUSwheremoststudentslive.

DisfortheDORMthatIsharewithmyroommates.

EisfortheEXAMSthatgivemeheadaches.

FisfortheFRIENDSwhomI’mgladtostaywith.

GisfortheGRAMMARthatIlearnintheEnglishclass.

HisfortheHOBBIESofmine,suchasplayingtennis.

IisfortheINFORMATIONthatIgetfromtheInternet.

JisfortheJOBthatIwanttogetafterIgraduatefromcollege.

KisfortheKNOWLEDGEthatwearegaininginschool.

LisfortheLIBRARYwherewecanborrowbooks.

MisfortheMAJORofmine--business.

NisfortheNOTESthatItakeinclass.

OisfortheOKthatIsaytomymotheroverthephone.

PisforthePROFESSORSwhogiveuslectures.

QisfortheQUIZZESthatteachersgiveusnowandthen.

RisfortheREPORTSthatwewriteafterwehavedoneresearch.

SisfortheSCHOLARSHIPSthatIhopetowin.

TisfortheTUITIONthatmyparentspayformyeducation.

UisfortheUNIVERSITIESthatgiveusthechanceforhighereducation.

VisfortheVACATIONSthatI’mlookingforwardto.

WisfortheWEEKENDSwhenIcanrelaxmyself.

XisfortheX’MASCARDSthatIwillreceivefrommyfriendsinDecember.

YisfortheYAHOOthatweliketovisitontheInternet.

ZisfortheZOOwherewecanlearnaboutallkindsofanimals.

SupplementaryActivity

Theteachercanaskthestudentstoworkinpairsandprepareashortspeechentitled“AFreshman’sSchoolLife”.Theycandoiteitherinclassorafterclass.AskthemtouseasmanywordsfromtheFreshman’sAlphabetaspossible.

Sample:

I’mafreshmanatZhejiangUniversity.MymajorisEconomics.Ihavebeenoncampusforabouttwomonths,andI’mlivinginadormwhichisclosetothelibraryoftheuniversity.SofarIhavebeenenjoyingmynewlifeexceptthatsometimesIworryaboutthemid-termandfinalexams.Theprofessorsstressalmosteverytimethatourstudents’primarypurposehereistogainasmuchknowledgeaspossible.Weshouldattendclassregularlyandtakegoodnotes;weshouldhandinourassignmentsontime;weshouldreadallthebooksweneedtoreadandwriteneatreportswithfewmistakesingrammar;andtheresultsofquizzeswillaccountforpartofourgrades.Usuallyweareverybusyduringtheweek.Butonweekendswecandevotesometimetoourownhobbies.ThethingIliketodomostistosurftheInternet,tovisitwebsiteslikeYahooforthekindofinformationI’minterestedin.IalsoliketovisitthezooinmysparetimeandgettoknowmanyanimalsandbirdsIhaven’tseenbefore.Somestudentsmakeuseoftheirsparetimetodosomepart-timejobs.Theysaytheyhavetoearntheirowntuition.IthinkI’dbetterworkhardtowinascholarshipandfinancemyself.NowChristmasiscoming.IwanttosendsomeX’mascardstomyoldfriends.Imissthemverymuchandhopetoseethemagaininthewintervacation.Butaboveall,IhopeIwillbeOkinthefinals.

2.ALetterfromCollege

STEPONE

Sample:

TheletterisintendedtotellhermomthateverythingisOKinschool,butmoneyisbadlyneeded.Thedaughterdotstheletterwithalotof$s,thesymbolofmoney,toindicatetherealintentionoftheletter.Obviously,Susanisaskingformoneyfromhermotherinaverytrickyway.

Itcanbeseenthatthemotherhasseenthroughherdaughter’strick.InasimilarwayshedotsherletterwithNOs,suggestingthatsheturnsdownSusan’srequestandencourageshertostudyhard.

STEPTWO

Samples:

-Iusuallycallhomeonweekendstosayhitomyparents.

-IwillcallhomewheneverImissmyparents.

-OnceIwrotehomeaboutmynewgirlfriend/boyfriend.

-Icouldn’thelpcallinghomewhenIfellill.

-Iwritehomeonceamonthtellingmyparentsaboutmyschoollife.

-SometimesIcalledhomejustbecauseIwantedtotellthemthatIwasshortofmoney.

-Ioftenwritetomyparentsfortheiradvice.

-AssoonasIlearnedthatIhadgotagoodgrade,Icalledmyparents.

-OnceIcalledmyparentsafterIhadfailedanexam.Ifeltmuchbetterafterwards.

-JustyesterdayIcalledmymotherandsaid“HappyBirthday!

”toher.

PartTwoReading-CenteredActivities

In-ClassReading

II.Pre-Reading

Sample1

IfeltexcitedwhenIcametothecampusforthefirsttime.Itwassobigandbeautiful–tallbuildings,lovelyflowersandtrees,andgrandlawns.Welcomingsloganscouldbeseenhereandthere.Andinspiringmusicfromtheloudspeakersaddedtomyexcitement.Spaciousasitis,thecampuswascrowdedbyfreshmenlikeme,theirbusyparents,teachersandoldstudentswhowerehelpingwithourregistration.SuddenlyIfeltthatIwasnolongermymom’sbaby;Iwasanadult!

Iwasoverwhelmedwithprideandexcitement.

Sample2

IfeltatalosswhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.ThecampuswassobigthatIwasafraidIwouldgetlostifleftalone.Itseemedtobemessyandnoisyeverywhere,withthousandsofpeoplecomingandgoing.Ifeltalittledizzyandtiredafterawholeday’sjourneybytrain.AllIcoulddowastofollowmyparentshereandthere,notknowingwhattodoandwhattosay.

Sample3

IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheuniversity.AftertheregistrationmyparentsleftandIfoundmyselfstandingaloneinaplaceIhadneverbeenbefore.Itseemedthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.IwasfeelingsoillateasethatIevenfounditdifficulttogathermyself.WhenIcamebacktomydorm,myroommateswerebusymakingtheirbeds.Ijustsatthereandbegantothinkofmyparents.ThesenseoflonelinesswassostrongthatIthoughtIwasgoingtocry.

III.PassageReading

Words,PhrasesandGrammaticalPoints

1.…keepmyearsopenandmymouthshut…（l.4）

这是keep带形容词或过去分词作宾语补足语的结构。

e.g.I）Myjobkeepsmereallybusy.

II）Takemyovercoat.Itwillkeepyouwarm.

III）Thereweretoystokeepthekidsamused.

IV）It’shardtokeepthehousecleanwiththreekids.

2.OnceIwasintheroom…（l.6）

Theword“once”hereisaconjunctionwhichmeans“asso