汉译英常用分类词汇中国文化.docx
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汉译英常用分类词汇中国文化
汉译英常用分类词汇——中国文化
概述generalterms
集体主义 collectivism
爱国主义精神 patriotism
诚实守信 honesty
公民道德建设实施纲要 TheProgramforImprovingCivicMorality
弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlightthecentralthemeofthetimeswhileencouragingdiversity
全民健身运动 nationwidefitnesscampaign
社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育educationinsocialandprofessionalethicsandfamilyvirtues
为人民服务 servingthepeople
深入群众，深入生活 godeepamongthemassesandintothethickoflife
奉献无愧于时代的作品 contributetothepeopleworksworthyofthetimes
中华文明博大精深，源远流长。
TheChinesecivilizationisextensiveandprofound,andhasalonghistory.
重要文化遗产 majorculturalheritage
优秀民间艺术 outstandingfolkarts
自立于世界民族之林 standproudlyinthefamilyofnations
一、传统节日风俗文化
三节（中国的三天传统节日：
端午节、中秋节和春节）
thethreeChinesetraditionalfestivals—Dragon-BoatFestival,Mid-AutumnFestivalandSpringFestival
1.春节 SpringFestival/ChineseNewYear
大扫除 year-endhouseholdcleaning
扎花灯焰火makeornamentallanternsandfireworks
烧纸钱burnpapercoins/burnpapermoney
烧香burnincensesinacenser
除夕 NewYear’sEve
春联 SpringFestivalcouplets（conveyingbestwishesfortheyear）
年画 NewYearpicture
年夜饭 familyreuniondinneronLunarNewYear’sEve
压岁钱 New-YearMoney/
moneygiventochildrenasaLunarNewYeargift
爆竹 firecracker
鞭炮 astringofsmallfirecrackers
辞旧迎新 bidfarewelltotheoldandusherinthenew;ringouttheoldyearandringinthenew
饺子 dumplings（withmeatandvegetablestuffing）
拜年 payingaNewYearcall
贺年片 NewYearfilm
恭喜发财 Mayyoubeprosperous!
/Wishyouallthebest!
2.元宵节 LanternFestival
元宵 sweetrice-flourdumplings（eatenontheLanternFestival）
庙会 templefair
观灯 viewingthelanterns
灯谜 lanternriddles
龙灯舞 dragonlanterndance
狮子舞 liondance
秧歌舞 yanggedance
植树节 Tree-plantingDay
3.清明节 Tomb-sweepingFestival/Tomb-sweepingDay/Ch’ingMingFestival
扫墓 payingrespecttothedead
《清明上河图》ARiversideSceneatQingmingFestival
4.端午节 DragonBoatFestivalDuanwuFestival
赛龙舟dragon-boatrace
粽子 zongji/glutinousricewrappedinapyramidshapedumplinginreedleaves
5.七夕节Double-seventhFestival
6.中秋节 Mid-autumnFestival
赏月 enjoyingthefullmoon
月饼 mooncake
团圆beunited
7.重阳节 Double-ninthFestival
登高 hillclimbing
饮酒winedrinking
赏菊 enjoyingchrysanthemum
吃糕eatingcakes（糕与“高”谐音）
国庆节NationalDay
8.冬至thewintersolstice冬至饭wintersolsticedinner
9.立春theBeginningofSpring/earlyspring
10.秋老虎autumntiger
11.芒种节FestivalofGraininEar
12.春分RainBegins
13.白露WhiteDew
14.霜降FrostFalls
15.小雪SlightSnow
放风筝图的是这一乐，所以说放晦气。
Kite-flyingisjustforfun,that’swhywecallit‘sendingoffbadluck’”.
办消寒会：
holdacold-dispellingparty
二、饮食文化food/cuisineculture
烹饪culinaryarts
美食节 gourmetfestival
中餐烹饪 Chinesecuisine
色，香，味俱全 perfectcombinationofcolor,aroma,tasteandappearance
八大菜系eightschoolsofcuisine
四大菜系：
山东菜，四川菜，粤菜，扬州菜
fourmajorChinesecuisines:
Shandongcuisine,Sichuancuisine,CantoncuisineandYangzhoucuisine
南淡北咸，东甜西辣 thelightsoutherncuisine,andthesaltynortherncuisine;the
sweeteasterncuisine,andthespicywesterncuisine
八宝菜 eight-treasurepickles（assortedwalnutmeats,asparagus,lettuce,almonds,cucumberandpeanuts,etc.pickledinsoysauce）
八宝饭 eight-treasurericepudding（glutinousricesteamedwithpreservedfruits,sweetenedbeanpaste,lotusseeds,longan,etc.）
白斩鸡 tenderboiledchicken（madebyboilingawholechickeninwaterand
cuttingintocubes,thendippingintoseasonings）
臭豆腐 strong-smellingpreservedbeancurb
粉蒸肉 porksteamedwithriceflour
狗不理包子Goubulisteamedbuns
油条deep-frieddoughsticks
风味小吃 localdelicacy
腐竹 rollsofdriedbeanmilkcream
冷盘 horsd’oeuvres
萨其马 Manchucandiedfrittercutinsquares
刀切，火候CuttingandSlicingTechniques,HeatControl
切片 slicing切条 cuttingtostrips
切丝 shredding切柳 filleting
切丁 dicing切碎 mincing
磨碎 grinding
大/旺/武火 strongheat
中火 mediumheat
小/微/文火 gentleheat
烹饪方法cookingtechniques
煎 pan-frying炒 stir-frying
爆 quick-frying炸 deep-frying
烩 stewing熏 smoking
煨 simmering煮 boiling
烘 baking烤 roasting
蒸 steaming
红烧 braising（withsoysauce）
涮羊肉 hot-potmutton dip-boiledmuttonslices
羊肉串小摊 muttonbarbecuestall
三、茶文化teaculture
禅宗ZenBuddhism日本茶道Japaneseteaceremony
茶馆tea-house看茶/献茶servetea沏茶brewtea
一碗茶abowloftea一杯茶acupoftea
茶具teaset茶锅kettle茶盘tea-tray
宜兴紫砂壶boccaroteapot
绿茶greentea
红茶redtea
乌龙茶oolongtea
黑茶darktea
碧螺春Biluochun
黄山毛峰HuangshanMaofeng
六安瓜片Liu’anGuapian
安徽祁门红茶QimenBlackTeaofAnhui
云南滇红茶DianBlackTeaofYunnan
云南普洱茶Pu’erTeaofYunnan
菊花茶chrysanthemumtea
茉莉花茶jasminetea
浓浓的姜茶stronggingertea
龙井茶Longjingtea
女儿茶neurtea
蜜饯茶sweetenedtea
贡茶choicetea
四、酒文化wineculture
杜康酒theDukangLiquor
绍兴酒Shaoxingwine
烧酒hotspirits
橘酒orangewine
冷酒coldwine暖酒warmwine
发压岁钱distributionofNew-Yearmoney
合欢宴familyreunionfeast
屠苏酒New-YearWine
合欢汤happy-reunionsoup
吉祥果luckyfruits
如意糕wish-fullfilmentcakes
行酒令playadrinkinggame划拳playafinger-guessinggame
射覆playconundrums（谜）
摆酒接风arrangeafeastofwelcome/prepareafeastforsb.’shome-coming
水酒掸尘preparesomewaterywinebywayofwelcome
治酒饯行prepareafarewellfeast
举酒送行offersb.winetoseesb.off
奠酒pouralibation
五、服饰文化cultureofcostumesandornaments
女子传统服装traditionalclothesforwomen（ladies）
旗袍cheong-sam唐装Chinese-stylecostumes立领astand-upcollar
裙子skirt
紫色绣花绵裙pinkembroideredsilkskirt
髻/冕tiara珠宝髻tiara（set）withjewelsandpears
垂饰pendant耳环earpendants/earrings
饰物habiliments碧玉红带redbeltwithgreenjade
簪/钗pin赤金匾簪aflatgoldpin
串珠/项链necklace
手镯bracelets
戒指fingerring订婚戒指engagementring结婚戒指weddingring
黄袍goldenrobe蟒袍serpent-embroideredrobe
长袍longgown马褂mandarinjacket
盘领roundnecks窄袖narrowsleeves坎肩shorttunic
中国不动地域和不同民族的服饰也各有特色。
ThefeatureofChineseclothingvarieswithareasandnationalities.
肚兜bellyband
头饰headwears
缠头decoratebrocaderoundthehead
绣花帽acapwithembroider
披风manteau裤子trousers
红地毯redrug
高跟鞋high-heelshoes
绣花拖鞋embroideredslippers靴子boots
宝玉穿着大红袄儿、白绫裙子。
Baoyuiswearingaredtunicandawhitesilkskirt.
好几个丫头都擦脂抹粉，簪花插柳。
Afewmaidsarepowderedandrougedwithflowersorwillowshootsintheirair.
六、艺术美学artsandaesthetics
1.戏曲文化cultureoftheatricalperformance
戏剧表演theatricalperformances
京剧脸谱 PekingOperamask
生 malecharacters
旦 femalecharacters
净 “paintedface”character（role）
末 middle-agedmalecharacters
丑 clown
红脸redface
黑脸blackface
白脸whiteface
京剧票友 amateurperformerofPekingOpera
昆曲Kunquopera
绍兴戏Shaohsingopera
川剧SichuanOpera
《白色记》TheWhiteSerpent
《西游记》PilgrimagetotheWest
相声crosstalk
单口相声 monologuecomictalk
双口相声 wittydialogue
木偶戏 shadowplaypuppets
独角戏 monodrama;one-manplay
皮影戏 shadowplay;shadowpuppertry
折子戏 operahighlights
戏剧小品 skit
哑剧 dumbshow;mime;mummery;pantomime
口技 vocalimitations;ventriloquism
说书 monologuestory-telling
杂技 acrobaticperformance
马戏 circusperformances
叠罗汉 makingahumanpyramid
特技 stunt
睬高跷 stiltwalk
2.艺术及工艺artsandcrafts
国画 Chinesepainting
漆画 lacquerpainting
版画 engravingpainting/woodcutpainting
水彩画watercolorpainting
水墨画 Chinesebrushdrawing;inkandwashpainting
木刻画 woodengravingpainting
贝雕画 shellcarvingpicture
卖秸画 strawpatchwork
壁画mural
泥塑claysculpture
彩塑paintedsculpture
释迦牟尼Sakyamuni
千手观音Guanyinwith1000Hands
大足石刻DazuStoneSculpture
兵马俑theTerracottaArmy
陶俑terracottawarriors
云冈石窟theYungangGrottoes
莫高窟theMogaoGrottoes
龙门石窟theLongmenGrottoes
袈裟kasaya
雕刻 carving
剪纸 paper-cutting
刺绣 embroidery
双面绣 two-sidedembroidery
木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboocarving
漆器 lacquerware
宫灯 palacelantern
皮影 shadowpuppet
蜡染 batik
彩塑 paintedsculpture
陶器 pottery;earthenware
宜兴陶 Yixingpottery
瓷器 porcelain;china
景德镇瓷 Jingdezhenporcelain
景泰蓝 Cloisonné/Jingtaiblue
唐三彩 Tangtri-coloredpottery
泥人 clayfigurinr
面人doughfigurine
檀香扇 sandalwoodfan
图章 seal
拓碑 makingrubbingsfrom
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