深圳中考英语语法填空解题技巧指导教学总结.docx
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深圳中考英语语法填空解题技巧指导教学总结
语法填空解题技巧指导
一,解题步骤:
1,快速浏览,了解大意。
对于简单有把握的空,可以先填出来;
2,上下求索,填出答案。
根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系,填出正确的词以及正确的形式;
3,通读全文,检查确认。
特别要注意,根据文章意思,有些空是否要加入否定前缀。
二,解题思路:
1,有提示词
这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致,首先需要我们根据上下文,分析句子成分,确定空格所需要的词性,再根据前后文确定词形。
(1).如果要填入动词,我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。
如果缺谓语动词,就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。
若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,那么我们应该填入非谓语动词,这时我们需要确定到底是todo,doing还是done的形式。
例题:
①.Forexample,I________(order)adigitalcameraonlinetheotherdayandsavedabout$50.
②.WhenIdie,I________(give)everythingtoyou.
③.Ontheirreturn,thefatheraskedhisson________(explain)whathehadlearnt.
④.Theyareanimals________(live)inthesea.
⑤.Helikesreadingbooks________(write)byLuXun.
【实时训练】
分析句子结构,找出句中的谓语动词及非谓语动词。
1.Worldemissionshaverisenbyabout70%sincethe1970s.
2.Walking10kilometerseverydayisachallenginggameforanormalperson.
3.Itaffectsman'sspiritandmakesthemmorelikelytosufferfromdisease.
4.Manyyearsagotherelivedaveryrichmanwhowantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.
5.Thesurveyconductedbytheclubshowsthatmanypeoplewanttotakeexerciseforonehoureveryday.
课堂练习
Task1.请做下面一组题,每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的,并将解题的思维过程说出来。
在做完这一组题后,总结一下这类题的解题方法。
1.IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar__________(break)downneararemotevillage.
2.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.
3....peoplesteppedonyourfeetor_________(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.
4.Hermotherwasexcited,“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane____________(inform).
5.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman__________(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink
6.He______________(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.
Task2:
请做下面一组题,每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的,并将解题的思维过程说出来。
在做完这一组题后,总结一下这类题的解题方法。
1.Inoticedaman_________(sit)atthefront.
2.Hespititout,________(say)itwasawful.
3.It’salready8:
30.Wemusthurryup________(catch)theplane.
4.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop________(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.
5.Ireallylikethephotos______(take)ontheGreatWall.
Task3:
根据以上所学知识,填写下列句子。
1.WhenIaskedwhathe_______(want)toorder,hejust_______(shake)hishead.
2.Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,_____________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.
3.InMountBerry,Georgia,peoplefindagroupofschools_____(build)speciallyformountainchildren.
4.______(walk)nearer,shelookedupatmeandthen_______(fix)hereyesonmycan.
5.Theotherfrogskept________(tell)themtostopandthattheywereasgoodasdead.
6.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinish_______(describe)themenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows_______(raise).
7.Apick-uptruck_______(pass)usontheroadand,afewminuteslater,Isawit______(pull)backandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.
(2).如果需要填入名词,我们则需要根据我们的积累,加上正确的词缀,并判断是否有单复数的变化。
通常情况下,作主语,及物动词或介词的宾语,形容词或物主代词之后,冠词+(形容词)后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。
例题:
①.Myfirst________(impress)ofhimisthathewasakindandthoughtfulman.
②.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat________(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.
Withlargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.
构词法:
(这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇,请务必熟记于心)
(1)动词变名词
加ment,如:
treatment,improvement,development,agreement,advertisement,achievement,punishment,excitement.
加ion,如:
invention,action,collection,attraction,suggestion,discussion
去e加ion,如:
education,operation,communication,graduation,congratulation
去e加ation,如:
preparation,invitation,imagination,examination
改de为sion,如:
decision,conclusion
加ing,如:
training,meaning,building,meeting,feeling,greeting
加or,如:
actor,director,visitor
加er,如:
player,reader,owner,leader,speaker,farmer,waiter,reporter,dancer
加ress,如:
waitress,actress
加ist,如:
scientist,artist,tourist
(2)形容词变名词
加ness,如:
illness,sickness,kindness,sadness,happiness
加y/ty,如:
difficulty,safety
加er/r,如:
foreigner,stranger
改t为ce,如:
difference,silence,importance,patience,confidence
加th或去e加th,如:
warmth,truth
【实时训练】
1.Whatisthe___________(different)betweenthetwowords.
2.Thedriver’s___________(care)ledtothetrafficaccident.
3.Ireceivedaletterof___________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.
4.Heisa____________(lie),don’tbelievehim.
5.Ihadno___________(choose),though.
6.The___________(win)ofthecompetitionaretobeannouncednextweek.
7.Lookupthe___________(mean)ofthewordinadictionary.
8.___________(congratulate)!
Youhavedonesowellinthegame.
9.Ireceivedaletterof___________(invite)butIdidn’tacceptit.
(3).如果需要填入形容词、副词。
首先,我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。
形容词一般用来修饰名词,代词,或作表语;副词一般用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子。
其次,我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。
例题:
①.BeforethetripIthoughtwewererich,buttodayIlearntwhois________(true)rich.
②.Hemustbe________(mental)disabled.
③.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled________(warm).
④.________(Fortune),nobodywasinjuredandnobuildingsweredestroyed.
⑤.Somepeoplesaythattheoldestchild,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely________(succeed)
⑥.Thewinningcarreachedaspeedoffortymilesanhour---much________(fast)thananyofitsrivals.
构词法:
(这些单词都是大家初中阶段学习过的考纲内词汇,请务必熟记于心)
动词或名词变形容词:
形容词变副词的后缀:
【实时训练】
Task1.用所给词的适当形式填空,并圈出解题的关键词(被修饰词)。
1.Theriverwassopollutedthatit_________(actual)caughtfireandburned.
2.Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturallyand_______(soft).
3.Justbe______________(patience).
4.Althoughparentsshouldtake_________(well)careoftheiryoungchildren,theydon’t________(necessary)do
anythingforthem.
5.---DoyoulikeMary’snewhairstyle?
---Perfect!
Howmuch________(good)shelookswiththecurlyshorthair!
6.---Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?
---Notatall.Ican’thavea________(bad)one.
7.---Lilydidsucceedatlast!
---Yeah,indeed,butshewas_______(luck)thansuccessful,Ithink.
8.Thatwouldbeavery________(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.
9.Maryfelt__________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.
10.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand__________(friend)andtheclassroomsare_____________(amaze).
Task2.语法填空
Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidn’tknowvery_1______(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook_2________(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar_3_________(quick).
Atnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriend’soffice,it_4______(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.IcouldhardlygouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!
Walkingdownstreet_5______street,Iexaminedeachcar_6____(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow_7___________(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas_8___________(exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!
Feelingquite_9________(tire)now,Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime_10_________(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:
mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.
2,无提示词
无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词,代词,介词,连词(并列连词和从属连词)等虚词。
(1). 名词前面一般用冠词,形容词性物主代词或介词等。
例题:
①.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater.________waterwassweet.
②.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot________pleasantexperience.
③.Theyoungmanwenthome________ahappyheart.
④.MoYanwontheNobelPrizefor________greatworks.
(2).缺主语或宾语,一般填代词。
常考的代词包括:
人称代词,物主代词,反身代词,不定代词。
做题时,先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思,从而确定用哪一种代词,再通过平时积累的语法知识,来判断代词的准确使用。
例题:
①.Herearetwobags.Theblue________ismine.
②.Suddenlythewallmoved---________wasmadeoftrees.
③.Newtechnologieshavemade_________possibletoturnoutnewproductsfaster.
(3). 若两个或多个单词,短语,或句子之间设空,一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。
例题:
①.Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma________asumofmoney.
②.Hewasverytiredfromdoingthisforawholeday,________hefeltveryhappy.
③.Whichdoyouprefer,folkmusic________popmusic?
【实时训练】
1._________villagewhereIwasbornhasgrowninto_________bigtown.
2.Inordertofindabetterjob,shedecidedtostudy_________secondlanguage.
3.Thecoffeeissodelicious.Ihavefinishedacupofitandwant_________.
4.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein_________,theyuseknivesandforks.
5.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_________ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhavealotofworktodo.
6.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tansweranyof_________.
7.Respectisveryimportant_________home,atschool,andeverywhereyougo.
8.Eachfrogcaneatalotofpeststhatareharmful_________crops.
9.Jackisinahurrybecausethebustotheairportleaves_________halfanhour.
10.TheScottishgirl_________blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.
11.Peoplefindthattheycouldhardlyfallasleepinhotsummerdays_________airconditioners.
12.Susanmade_________cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.
(4). 若两个句子之间没有分号或是句号;若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面,或一个句子位于逗号之后,则应该填连词,多为从属连词that,who,which,if,unless,though,because,when,until等。
例题:
①.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland________wascompletelycutofffromth