写作基本句型训练.docx
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写作基本句型训练
写作基本句型训练
(一)
学习内容:
and,both…and,notonly…butalso,but,however,neverthless,yet,while,for,so,otherwise等引导的并列句型
教学步骤:
Step1.什么是并列句?
1.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句。
其基本结构是:
“一个主谓(宾)+and+一个主谓(宾)”
(主系表)but(主系表)
for
so
or
…
2.并列句中的几种关系:
并列关系:
and,bothand,notnoly…butalso,aswellas,neithernor
转折关系:
but,however,while,nevertherless,yet
选择关系:
or,either..or
因果关系:
for,therefore
例如:
Shenotonlysingsbutalsodance.
Thefilmisnotperfect,butit’sgood.
Takethechance,oryouwillregretit.
I’dbettertakeanumbrella,foritisgoingtorain.
3.注意:
notonly…butalso应连接两个相对称的并列成分。
例如:
NotonlyMrLinbutalsohissonjoinedthePartytwoyearsago.(连接两个主语)
Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.(连接两个谓语动词)
Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.(连接两个宾语)
TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.(连接两个地点状语)
写作基本句型训练
(二)
学习内容:
so…that/such….that/inorderto…/inorderthat…/too…to…/…enoughtodo…
教学步骤:
Step1.学习下列句子并翻译成中文
1.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.
2.ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.
3.Heissocleveraboythateverybodylikeshim.
4.Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshim.
5.Theirperformanceswerehumorousenoughtobecopiedbyother.
6.Othersthinktheearthgottoomuchhotforthedinosaurstoliveonanymore.
7.Heranfastinordertocatchthetrain.
8.Igetupearlyinorderthaticancatchtheearlybus.
归纳出以上句型的意思:
so…that:
_____________________________sothat:
________________________
such…that:
__________________________enoughtodo:
____________________
too…to:
____________________________inorderto/that:
___________________
Step2.学习难点
1.so…+adj/adv…+that…:
如此…以致
…sothat…:
引导目的状语从句(句中含有情态动词)引导结果状语从句(句中不含情态动词)
Theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.(结果:
因此)
ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.(目的:
为了)
2.…so+adj/adv+a+名词+that…=…such+a+adj/adv+名词+that….:
如此…以致
Myfatherwassohard-workingthathealwaysforgothismeals.
=Myfatherwassuchahardworkingmanthathealwaysforgothismeals.
=Myfatherwassohardworkingamanthathealwaysforgothismeals.
3…to+adj/adv…+to:
太…以不能
Heistooyoungtolookafterhimself.
Hegotuptoolatetocatchthefirstbus.
注意:
①此句型本身已含有否定意思,句中不需再另加否定词。
如:
Heistooyoungtocan’tlookafterhimself.(×)
②如果too后面的形容词为happy,ready,willing,eager,anxious等表心理状态的词时,后面的动词表肯定:
I’mjusttooeagertoknowtheresult.我只是太想知道结果了。
4.当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时,so…that…=be…enoughtodo转换。
当that引导的结果状语从句为否定句时,so…that…==too…to..==benot…enoughtodo
例如:
Heransofastthathecouldcatchthefirstbus
=Heranfastenoughtocatchthefirstbus
Davidwassocarelessthathedidn’tfindthemistakesinhistextpaper.
=Davidwastoocarelesstofindthemistakesinhistextpaper.
=Davidwasnotcarefulenoughtofindthemistakesinhistextpaper.
5.Inordertodo这个短语放在句子做目的状语。
Inordertopasstheexam,hegoesoverhislessondayandnight.
状语主谓宾
Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.
主谓状语
归纳结构:
Inordertodo,+句子(主+谓+宾)
句子+inordertodo。
Inorderthat+句子:
表示“目的”
Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightinorderthathecanpasstheexam.
句子句子
Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.
归纳结构:
句子+inorderthat+句子
6.…inorderthat…=…sothat….以为“为了”
Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightinorderthathecanpasstheexam.
=Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightsothathecanpasstheexam.
根据第5.6点判断下面句子
Inordertoyourhealth,youshouldgiveupsmoking.
Hesavesmoneyinorderthatbuyanewcomputer.
写作基本句型训练(三)
学习内容:
It’s+adj+(forsb.)+todo/that…It’s+adj.+of+sb.+todo
It’s+n+(forsb.)+todo/doing/that…It’s+pp+that…
…think/believe…+it+adj+to/that……think/believe…+it+n+doing/that
1.It’sdifficultforhimtogiveupsmoking.
2.It’scertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.
3.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.
4.It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.
5.It’ssaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
6.It’snousingcryingoverspiltmilk.
7.Ithinkitbestthatyoushoulddomoreexercise.
8.Hefounditdifficulttoaccustomhimselftogettingupearly.
9.Shethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthim.
思考:
找出1-6句的主语____________.找出7-9句的宾语___________
归纳:
①.1-6句中的it为形式主语,没有真正的意义,它的作用是帮助把真正的主语移至句子的后面,使句子显得平衡,句子的真正主语是句中的todo/doing/that从句。
②.7-9句中的it为形式宾语,句子真正宾语是句中的todo/doing/that从句。
例如:
Itisdifficultforhimtogiveupsmoking.
形主系表主语
Shethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthim.
主谓形宾宾补宾语
Step2.学习难点
1.It+be+adj(obvious,important,natural,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,surprising,necessary,strange…)+(forsb)+todo/that从句
ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.
注意:
当It+be+adj+that此句型中的形容词为:
important,natural,desirable,advisable,strange…则需要虚拟即:
It’s+be+adj(important,natural,desirable,advisable,strange…)+thatsb(should)do:
Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglish.
2.It+be+adj+ofsb+todo
Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.你真好,帮助我。
本句型中的形容词必须是能表示人物(逻辑主语)特征的形容词,常见有:
bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,modest,naught,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise等。
3.It+be+n(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,afact…)+todo/that从句
It+be+n(nogood,nouse,noharm,dangerous,foolish…)+doing
Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.
Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.
Itisanhonortoattendthismeeting.
Itisnoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea.
注意:
当It+be+n+that此句型中的名词为:
apity,nowonder,ashame…则需要虚拟即:
It’s+be+n(apity,nowonder,ashame…)+thatsb(should)do:
Itisapitythatyou(should)besocareless.
4.It+be+pp(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,…)+that从句
ItissaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.
注意:
当It+be+pp+that此句型中的分词为:
desired,suggested,ordered,requested,proposed,表示请求,建议,命令则需要虚拟即:
It’s+be+pp(desired,suggested,ordered,requested,proposed,…)+thatsb(should)do:
It’ssuggestedsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.
5.…think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see…+it+adj+todo/that…
Ithinkitimportant(forus)tolearnEnglish.我认为学英语很重要。
Wethinkithighlyprobablethatheisdead.我们认为他很有可能死了。
6.…think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see…+it+n+doing/that…
Wethinkitnousingcryingoverspiltmilk.
Ithinkitapitythatyoucouldn’tattendmybirthdayparty.
写作基本句型训练(四)
学习内容:
强调句型:
it+be+强调部分+that+其它
Only+状语→引起的倒装
until…..notuntil…句型
教学步骤:
Step1.学习并翻译下面的句子:
1.Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.
2.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.
3.Youaretostayhereuntil/tillyourmothercomesback.
4.Ididn’tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.
思考:
句子①和②分别是什么句式:
____________________,__________________
Step2.学习难点:
1.Only+状语(副词,介词短语,状从)置于句首引起的倒装
OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.(wecanlearnEnglishwellinthisway)
介短
OnlythendidIrealizemymistakes.(Irealizemymistakesthen.)
副
Onlywhenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.(whenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.)
状从(主句倒装从句不倒)
注意:
①Only+状语(副词,介词短语,状从)置于句首引起的倒装属于部分倒装,即:
把句中的助动词、情态动词置于主语的前面,如句①canwe;当原句中没有或你想表达的句子中没有助动词或情态动词时,则需要另添加助动词(do/does/did)来表示倒装,如句②didI,句③didwe.添加的助动词的时态必须与原句的时态保持一致。
②only修饰主语时句子不倒装。
判断下列句子的正误:
1.Onlyafterthewarlearnedhethesadnews.
2.Onlyafterthewarhelearnedthesadnews.
3.Onlyafterthewardidhelearnedthesadnews.
4.Onlycanheanswerthequestion.
5.Onlyheanswerthequestion.
6.Onlywhendidhereturndidwefindoutthetruth.
2.强调句型:
it+be+强调部分+that+其它
Wemethimattheschoolgate.
Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.
强调部分其它
Itwasattheschoolgatethatwemethim.
强调部分其它
注意:
如何判断强调句/写出正确的强调句:
当把句中的Itis/was….that删去,剩下的部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。
.Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.(√)
Itisclearthatnotalltheboyslikefootball.(×)形式主语
Itwasin1919thathewasborn.(√)
Itwas1919thathewasborn.(×)定从
3.notuntil….句型:
直到….才
Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilthefishdiedintheriver.
注意:
①not…until…句型的前半部分是需要否定形式的(即通过助动词、情态动词:
don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/can’t/haven’t/won’t….来否定)所选用的助动词的时态与原句保持一致。
②此句型的后半句(从句部分)需要用一般现在时表示将来。
Janewon’tgobackhomeuntilshefinishesherhomework.
③not…until…句型可以转化为倒装句和强调句
1.notuntil放在句首主句要半倒装。
2.强调:
itis/wasnotuntil+强调部分+that+其它
Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilthefishdiedintheriver.
Notuntilthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.
Itwasnotuntilthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.
写作基础句型训练(五)
学习内容:
with+n(宾语)+非谓语动词:
doing/todo/done
with+n(宾语)+介词短语
with+n(宾语)+adj/adv
withthedevelopmentof/withthehelpof/withapopulationof/withahistoryof/withthepricegoingup/witheachpassingday/…..
教学步骤:
Step1.学习并翻译下列的句子:
1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.
2.Withtwoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.
3.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedwithhisworkuncompleted.
4.Theoldmansatonthechairwithapipeinthismonth.
5.Withthestreetswetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikeslowly.
6.Withthemeetingover,wereturnedtotheclassroom.
思考:
①划分上述句子成分找出with结构在句中充当什么成分:
______________
Eg:
Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.
主谓宾状(原因)
Withtwoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.
状(原因)主谓
2with复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,做伴随,方式,原因,条件等状语。
Step2.学习难点:
1.with+n(宾语)+