写作基本句型训练.docx

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写作基本句型训练.docx

写作基本句型训练

写作基本句型训练

(一)

学习内容:

and,both…and,notonly…butalso,but,however,neverthless,yet,while,for,so,otherwise等引导的并列句型

教学步骤:

Step1.什么是并列句?

1.两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句。

其基本结构是:

“一个主谓(宾)+and+一个主谓(宾)”

(主系表)but(主系表)

for

so

or

2.并列句中的几种关系:

并列关系:

and,bothand,notnoly…butalso,aswellas,neithernor

转折关系:

but,however,while,nevertherless,yet

选择关系:

or,either..or

因果关系:

for,therefore

例如:

Shenotonlysingsbutalsodance.

Thefilmisnotperfect,butit’sgood.

Takethechance,oryouwillregretit.

I’dbettertakeanumbrella,foritisgoingtorain.

3.注意:

notonly…butalso应连接两个相对称的并列成分。

例如:

NotonlyMrLinbutalsohissonjoinedthePartytwoyearsago.(连接两个主语)

Inotonlyplaytennisbutalsopractiseshooting.(连接两个谓语动词)

Heplaysnotonlythepianobutalsotheviolin.(连接两个宾语)

TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.(连接两个地点状语)

写作基本句型训练

(二)

学习内容:

so…that/such….that/inorderto…/inorderthat…/too…to…/…enoughtodo…

教学步骤:

Step1.学习下列句子并翻译成中文

1.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldn’tsayaword.

2.ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.

3.Heissocleveraboythateverybodylikeshim.

4.Heissuchacleverboythateverybodylikeshim.

5.Theirperformanceswerehumorousenoughtobecopiedbyother.

6.Othersthinktheearthgottoomuchhotforthedinosaurstoliveonanymore.

7.Heranfastinordertocatchthetrain.

8.Igetupearlyinorderthaticancatchtheearlybus.

归纳出以上句型的意思:

so…that:

_____________________________sothat:

________________________

such…that:

__________________________enoughtodo:

____________________

too…to:

____________________________inorderto/that:

___________________

Step2.学习难点

1.so…+adj/adv…+that…:

如此…以致

…sothat…:

引导目的状语从句(句中含有情态动词)引导结果状语从句(句中不含情态动词)

Theygotsoexcitedthattheycriedout.(结果:

因此)

ThelittleboysavedeverycoinsothathecouldbuyhismotherapresentonMother'sday.(目的:

为了)

2.…so+adj/adv+a+名词+that…=…such+a+adj/adv+名词+that….:

如此…以致

Myfatherwassohard-workingthathealwaysforgothismeals.

=Myfatherwassuchahardworkingmanthathealwaysforgothismeals.

=Myfatherwassohardworkingamanthathealwaysforgothismeals.

3…to+adj/adv…+to:

太…以不能

Heistooyoungtolookafterhimself.

Hegotuptoolatetocatchthefirstbus.

注意:

①此句型本身已含有否定意思,句中不需再另加否定词。

如:

Heistooyoungtocan’tlookafterhimself.(×)

②如果too后面的形容词为happy,ready,willing,eager,anxious等表心理状态的词时,后面的动词表肯定:

I’mjusttooeagertoknowtheresult.我只是太想知道结果了。

4.当that引导的结果状语从句为肯定句时,so…that…=be…enoughtodo转换。

当that引导的结果状语从句为否定句时,so…that…==too…to..==benot…enoughtodo

例如:

Heransofastthathecouldcatchthefirstbus

=Heranfastenoughtocatchthefirstbus

Davidwassocarelessthathedidn’tfindthemistakesinhistextpaper.

=Davidwastoocarelesstofindthemistakesinhistextpaper.

=Davidwasnotcarefulenoughtofindthemistakesinhistextpaper.

5.Inordertodo这个短语放在句子做目的状语。

Inordertopasstheexam,hegoesoverhislessondayandnight.

状语主谓宾

Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.

主谓状语

归纳结构:

Inordertodo,+句子(主+谓+宾)

句子+inordertodo。

Inorderthat+句子:

表示“目的”

Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightinorderthathecanpasstheexam.

句子句子

Hegotupearlyinorderthathecouldcatchthefirstbus.

归纳结构:

句子+inorderthat+句子

6.…inorderthat…=…sothat….以为“为了”

Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightinorderthathecanpasstheexam.

=Hegoesoverhislessondayandnightsothathecanpasstheexam.

根据第5.6点判断下面句子

Inordertoyourhealth,youshouldgiveupsmoking.

Hesavesmoneyinorderthatbuyanewcomputer.

写作基本句型训练(三)

学习内容:

It’s+adj+(forsb.)+todo/that…It’s+adj.+of+sb.+todo

It’s+n+(forsb.)+todo/doing/that…It’s+pp+that…

…think/believe…+it+adj+to/that……think/believe…+it+n+doing/that

1.It’sdifficultforhimtogiveupsmoking.

2.It’scertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.

3.It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.

4.It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.

5.It’ssaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.

6.It’snousingcryingoverspiltmilk.

7.Ithinkitbestthatyoushoulddomoreexercise.

8.Hefounditdifficulttoaccustomhimselftogettingupearly.

9.Shethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthim.

思考:

找出1-6句的主语____________.找出7-9句的宾语___________

归纳:

①.1-6句中的it为形式主语,没有真正的意义,它的作用是帮助把真正的主语移至句子的后面,使句子显得平衡,句子的真正主语是句中的todo/doing/that从句。

②.7-9句中的it为形式宾语,句子真正宾语是句中的todo/doing/that从句。

例如:

Itisdifficultforhimtogiveupsmoking.

形主系表主语

Shethoughtitnogoodworryingabouthim.

主谓形宾宾补宾语

Step2.学习难点

1.It+be+adj(obvious,important,natural,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,surprising,necessary,strange…)+(forsb)+todo/that从句

ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.

Itiscertainthatshewilldowellintheexam.

注意:

当It+be+adj+that此句型中的形容词为:

important,natural,desirable,advisable,strange…则需要虚拟即:

It’s+be+adj(important,natural,desirable,advisable,strange…)+thatsb(should)do:

Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglish.

2.It+be+adj+ofsb+todo

Itisverykindofyoutohelpme.你真好,帮助我。

本句型中的形容词必须是能表示人物(逻辑主语)特征的形容词,常见有:

bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,modest,naught,polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise等。

3.It+be+n(nowonder,anhonor,agoodthing,apity,nosurprise,afact…)+todo/that从句

It+be+n(nogood,nouse,noharm,dangerous,foolish…)+doing

Itisapitythatwecan’tgo.

Itisnosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.

Itisanhonortoattendthismeeting.

Itisnoharmdrinkingrunningwaterinthatarea.

注意:

当It+be+n+that此句型中的名词为:

apity,nowonder,ashame…则需要虚拟即:

It’s+be+n(apity,nowonder,ashame…)+thatsb(should)do:

Itisapitythatyou(should)besocareless.

4.It+be+pp(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,…)+that从句

ItissaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.

ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputofftillnextMonday.

注意:

当It+be+pp+that此句型中的分词为:

desired,suggested,ordered,requested,proposed,表示请求,建议,命令则需要虚拟即:

It’s+be+pp(desired,suggested,ordered,requested,proposed,…)+thatsb(should)do:

It’ssuggestedsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.

5.…think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see…+it+adj+todo/that…

Ithinkitimportant(forus)tolearnEnglish.我认为学英语很重要。

Wethinkithighlyprobablethatheisdead.我们认为他很有可能死了。

6.…think/believe/made/consider/imagine/discover/see…+it+n+doing/that…

Wethinkitnousingcryingoverspiltmilk.

Ithinkitapitythatyoucouldn’tattendmybirthdayparty.

写作基本句型训练(四)

学习内容:

强调句型:

it+be+强调部分+that+其它

Only+状语→引起的倒装

until…..notuntil…句型

教学步骤:

Step1.学习并翻译下面的句子:

1.Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.

2.OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.

3.Youaretostayhereuntil/tillyourmothercomesback.

4.Ididn’tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.

思考:

句子①和②分别是什么句式:

____________________,__________________

Step2.学习难点:

1.Only+状语(副词,介词短语,状从)置于句首引起的倒装

OnlyinthiswaycanwelearnEnglishwell.(wecanlearnEnglishwellinthisway)

介短

OnlythendidIrealizemymistakes.(Irealizemymistakesthen.)

Onlywhenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.(whenhereturneddidwefindoutthetruth.)

状从(主句倒装从句不倒)

注意:

①Only+状语(副词,介词短语,状从)置于句首引起的倒装属于部分倒装,即:

把句中的助动词、情态动词置于主语的前面,如句①canwe;当原句中没有或你想表达的句子中没有助动词或情态动词时,则需要另添加助动词(do/does/did)来表示倒装,如句②didI,句③didwe.添加的助动词的时态必须与原句的时态保持一致。

②only修饰主语时句子不倒装。

判断下列句子的正误:

1.Onlyafterthewarlearnedhethesadnews.

2.Onlyafterthewarhelearnedthesadnews.

3.Onlyafterthewardidhelearnedthesadnews.

4.Onlycanheanswerthequestion.

5.Onlyheanswerthequestion.

6.Onlywhendidhereturndidwefindoutthetruth.

2.强调句型:

it+be+强调部分+that+其它

Wemethimattheschoolgate.

Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.

强调部分其它

Itwasattheschoolgatethatwemethim.

强调部分其它

注意:

如何判断强调句/写出正确的强调句:

当把句中的Itis/was….that删去,剩下的部分仍能组成一个完整的句子。

.Itwashimthatwemetattheschoolgate.(√)

Itisclearthatnotalltheboyslikefootball.(×)形式主语

Itwasin1919thathewasborn.(√)

Itwas1919thathewasborn.(×)定从

3.notuntil….句型:

直到….才

Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilthefishdiedintheriver.

注意:

①not…until…句型的前半部分是需要否定形式的(即通过助动词、情态动词:

don’t/doesn’t/didn’t/can’t/haven’t/won’t….来否定)所选用的助动词的时态与原句保持一致。

②此句型的后半句(从句部分)需要用一般现在时表示将来。

Janewon’tgobackhomeuntilshefinishesherhomework.

③not…until…句型可以转化为倒装句和强调句

1.notuntil放在句首主句要半倒装。

2.强调:

itis/wasnotuntil+强调部分+that+其它

Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilthefishdiedintheriver.

Notuntilthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.

Itwasnotuntilthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.

写作基础句型训练(五)

学习内容:

with+n(宾语)+非谓语动词:

doing/todo/done

with+n(宾语)+介词短语

with+n(宾语)+adj/adv

withthedevelopmentof/withthehelpof/withapopulationof/withahistoryof/withthepricegoingup/witheachpassingday/…..

教学步骤:

Step1.学习并翻译下列的句子:

1.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.

2.Withtwoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.

3.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdiedwithhisworkuncompleted.

4.Theoldmansatonthechairwithapipeinthismonth.

5.Withthestreetswetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikeslowly.

6.Withthemeetingover,wereturnedtotheclassroom.

思考:

①划分上述句子成分找出with结构在句中充当什么成分:

______________

Eg:

Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.

主谓宾状(原因)

Withtwoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.

状(原因)主谓

2with复合结构,在句中表状态或说明背景情况,做伴随,方式,原因,条件等状语。

Step2.学习难点:

1.with+n(宾语)+

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