新视野大学英语听说教程第三册unit7.docx

新视野大学英语听说教程第三册unit7.docx

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新视野大学英语听说教程第三册unit7

Uint7

II.BasicListeningPractice

Script

M:

Nowwehavesatelliteandhigh-poweredmicroscope,it’seasytothinkweknoweverythingabouttheworld;butwestilldon’tunderstandEINino.

W:

Right.ScientistsallovertheworldoverareevenuncertainaboutthecauseofthewarmPacificcurrentthatbringsstormsordrought—themysteriousEINino.

Q:

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheconversation?

2.Script

M:

Everyoneistalkingaboutenvironmentalproblem:

acidrain,thegreenhouseeffect,holesintheozonelayer.Weshouldthinkpositively.Whatcanwedotoimprovethings?

W:

Iagree.Wecoulddoalotmoretoharnessthesun’senergyforheatingandlightinginourhomes.InJapan43,000solarroofswereinstalledin2002.

Q:

Howdothemanandthewomanviewtheenvironment?

3.Script

W:

WelivedinBeijingsomeyearsago.Itwasalwaysdifficulttokeepthehousecleanwithwindfromthenorthblowingsandfromthedesertatus.

M:

That’swhytheChinesegovernmenthasbeenencouragingpeopletoplanttreesalongtheedgesoftheGobiDesert.Nowthosetreesactaswindbarriers.

Q:

Whatdidthegovernmentencouragepeopletodo?

4.Script

M:

ManyoldrefrigeratorsandcarsareenvironmentalhazardsbecausetheycontainCFCsthatdestroytheozonelayer.

W:

Yes,butgovernmentororganizationsarehelpingpeopletosafelydisposeofoldrefrigeratorsor,inthecaseofcars,toupgradetheirairconditioning.

Q:

Whataregovernmentdepartmentshelpingpeopletodo?

5.Script

M:

Hey,that’sanaerosolsprayyou’reusingonyourhair!

Buildabomborsetfiretotheapartmenttokillusquicklyinsteadofmakingholesintheozone,sowedieofcancer.

W:

Coolit,man.Thisspraydoesn’tcontainCFCs.Andyou’dbetterreadalittlemore.In2003theholeintheozonelayershrankby20percent,sothere’snoreasontopanic.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?

Keys:

1.B2.D3.A4.A5.C

III.ListeningIn

Task1:

Weshouldhaveproperrespectfornature!

Script

Martha:

Doyouthinkmostpeopleinyourculturerespectnature?

Ed:

    Ithinkso.Umm…morenowthanbefore.

Martha:

Whatdoyouthinkisthemostseriousenvironmentproblemintheworldtoday?

Ed:

     Today…Ithinkdamagetotheozonelayerisabigproblem;andanotherproblemispollutioninbigcitiesandthingslikethat.

Martha:

 Howdoyoulearnaboutenvironmentalproblems?

Ed:

     Umm…throughschool.Alotofclubspromoteenvironmentalsafely,andsomeTVprograms,too.Theytalkaboutenvironmentalsafelyandstufflikethat.

Martha:

 Doyouthinkstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool?

Ed:

     Ithinkso.So,astheygrowolder,theycanbemoreawareofalltheproblemsthataregoingon.Andalsotopreventmoreproblemsfromoccurring.

Martha:

 Ifyoucouldcreateanewlawtohelptheenvironment,whatwoulditbe?

Ed:

     Anewlawfortheenvironment?

Umm…I’dprobablysaythatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowthemintothegarbagebin,notjustthrowthemeverywherebecauseit’sjustlitteringandIhatethat.Sotheyshouldbefinediftheythrowthemonthefloorontheground.

Martha:

 That’sagoodidea.Whatdoyoupersonallydotohelpprotecttheenvironment?

Ed:

     I’msoagainstlittering.Ineverlitter.IfIseesomebodylitter,Igetreallyangry.SoIalwaysthrowmytrashintothegarbagebin.

WhilebeinginterviewedbyMartha,Edsaidmorepeopleinhisculturerespectnatureeverbefore.Whenaskedaboutthemostseriousenvironmentalproblemintheworldtoday,hementionedthedamagedozonelayerandthepollutioninbigcities.

Edlearnedaboutenvironmentalproblematschool.AlotofclubsandsomeTVprogramspromoteenvironmentalsafely.Hebelievesthatstudentsshouldlearnmoreabouttheenvironmentatschool.Thentheycanbemoreawareofalltheproblemsandpreventmoreproblemsfromoccurring.

Whenaskedaboutanewlawhewouldliketocreatetohelptheenvironment,hesaidthatwhenpeoplethrowawaytheircigarettebutts,theyhavetothrowtheminthegarbagebin.Theyshouldbefinediftheythrowthemonthefloor.

Personally,Edissosetagainstlitteringthatheneverlitters.Healwaysthrowshistrashintothegarbagebin.

Task2:

AWorkQualificationTest

Script

AccordingtoareportbyAustralianresearchers,theholeintheozonelayeroverAntarcticawillprobablystartclosingwithinfiveyears.Theysayitmaybecompletelyclosedwithinfiftyyears.TheozonelayerprotectstheEarthfromdangerousradiationfromthesun.TheholeintheozonelayerwasdiscoveredoverAntarcticaalmostthirtyyearsago.Atthetime,itwasthreetimesthesizeofAustralia.

Thereportfoundthatozone-destroyinggasesintheupperatmospherewereatorneartheirhighestlevelsintheyear2000.Butsincethen,therehasbeecontinuousprogressmadetowardtherecoveryoftheozonelayer.

Satelliteinformationshowedthatlevelsofozone-destroyinggasesintheatmosphereareslowlydecreasing.Atitslargestthisyear,theozoneholecoveredmorethan15millionsquarekilometers.Thatisdownfromayearlyaverageof23millionsquarekilometersoverthelastsixyears.

Chlorofluorocarbons,orCFCs,areresponsiblefordestroyingpartoftheozonelayeroverAntarctica.CFCshavebeenwidelyusedsincethe1930sincoolingdevicessuchasrefrigeratorsandairconditioners.CFCsremainintheatmosphereforyears.

Governmentscientistsaythelevelofchlorineintheatmosphereisdecreasingbecauseofrestrictionsontheuseofchlorofluorocarbons.ThechemicalswererestrictedunderaninternationalagreementcalledtheMontrealProtocolin1987.UndertheProtocol,developingcountriespromotedtocuttheiruseofchlorofluorocarbonsinhalfbytheyear2005.Theyalsoagreedtoaneighty-fivepercentcutbytheyear2oo7.

Keys:

FTTFT

ForReference

ItwasthreetimesthesizeofAustralia.

TheypromisedtocuttheiruseofCFCsinthehalfby2005andagreedtoan85percentcutby2007.

Task3:

AMildEINino

Script

TheEINinoweatherconditionhasreturned.However,officialattheUnitedStatesNationalWeatherServicesayEINinoisweakerthanusualthisyear.EINinoisachangeintheatmosphereoverthePacificOcean.Ithappenseveryfourorfiveyears.

Normally,watertemperaturesinthewesternPacificOceanincreaseneartheendoftheyear.ThiscausemorerainfallinIndonesia,Australiaandothernearbyplace.Atthesametime,coldoceanwatercauselessrainfallintheeasternPacificOcean,nearSouthAmerica.TheoppositehappensduringEINino.PacificOceantemperaturesincreasenearSouthAmerica,causingunusuallyhighamountsofrainfallthere.Incontrast,EINinocausesdryweatherinIndonesiaandAustralia.

AstrongEINinocanseverelyaffecttheweatherallovertheworld.ThelastpowerfulEINinowasin1997and1998.Itcausedmajorfloodsinmanyplaces.EINinoalsoledtoextremelydryweatherinsomeotherareas.Reportssaytheweathercausedthedeathsofabout24,000people.

SoexpertssayhavingaweakerEINinothisyearisgoodnews.MeteorologistssayrainfallhasbeenhigherthanusualinSouthAmerica.TheexpertssaytheeffectsofEINinowillbegintoshowinNovemberintheUnitedStates.Thenorthernstatesmayhaveawarmerwinter.But,scientistssayEINinowillnotbestrongenoughtopreventthisyear’spowerfulstormsintheAtlanticOcean.

Accordingtothepassage,howoftendoesEINinohappen?

WhatnormallyhappensinthewesternPacificOcean?

WhatdidtheEINinoin1997and1998cause?

WhatisNOTmentionedasaresultofthisyear’sEINino?

Whatisthecentralideaofthepassage?

Kes:

1C2.A3.D4.B5.C

ForReference

PacificOceantemperaturesincreasenearSouthAmerica,causingunusuallyhighlevelofrainfallthere.DryweatherresultsinAustralia.

IV.SpeakingOut

MODEL1  Ourglobeisindanger

John:

 HowisyourGrandmagettingalongduringthisusuallyhotweather?

Nora:

 Overthelastfewyears,Grannyhasbeencomplainingthatthehot,humidweatheriskillingher.Shebelievestheweatherhaschanged.

John:

 Whatshemeansistheclimate’slong-termconditions;weatherrefersonlytoday-to-dayconditions.

Nora:

Yeah,shesayssummerishotter,andwinterwetter.ButItriedtocomforther,saying,“It’sallinyourmind,Granny.”

John:

She’sright,youknow.Thegreenhouseeffectdoesbringglobalwarmingandrain.

Nora:

HowcanIexplainglobalwarmingandgreenhousegasestoa97-year-oldGranny?

John:

Tellhertheearthnowislikearealgreenhousemadeofglasspanelsthatletinlightandtrapheat.

Nora:

Thinkshe’llwanttoknowthatcarbonmonoxidefromearthmakesgreenhousegases?

John:

Everybodyshouldknowwhatcauseglobalwarming;otherwisewewon’tstopit.

Nora:

I’lltellGrannynottoburnanymorewoodorcoal,ortousesprayonthehair.

John:

OK,jokeaboutit,butitwon’tbesofunnywhenthepolaricecapsmeltandoceansrise.

NowYourTurn

SAMPLEDIALOG

A:

Howareyougettingalongduringthisusuallyhotweather?

B:

Notwellatall.Overthelastfewweeksthehot,humidweatheriskillingme.Ibelievetheclimatehaschanged.

A:

Yeah,thesummerishotter,andwinterwetter.

B:

Doyouknowwhyallthishashappened?

A:

Thegreenhouseeffectsbringglobalwarmingandrain.

B:

Whatdoyoumeanbygreenhouseeffects?

A:

Theearthisnowlikearealgreenhousemadeofglasspanelsthatletlightinandtrapheat.Youknow,carbonmonoxidefromearthisagreenhousegas.

B:

Isee.Everybodyshouldknowwhatcauseglobalwarming;otherwisewewon’tstopit.

A:

Theimportantthingisthathumanbeingsshouldtakestepstoreduceglobalwarming.

B:

Whatcanwedothen?

Perhapsweshouldnotburnanymore