Working With Android Contacts.docx

Working With Android Contacts.docx

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WorkingWithAndroidContacts

IntroductionToAndroidContacts

LearntoworkwiththeAndroidcontactsdatabase.BasicknowledgeofaccessingSQLiteinAndroidalongwithusingCursorsisexpected.Seethe AndroidSQLiteandCursorArticle formoreinformation.Googlechangedthecontactsdatabasemovingfrom1.xto2.0versionsofAndroid.Thistutorialwillbebrokeninto3sections.FirstcoveringaccessingcontactsinAndroid2.0.ThesecondpagewilldealwithaccessingthecontactsinAndroid1.6andbefore.Thirdwe'llglueitalltogetherwithaclassthatabstractsspecificclassesforeachversionandasetofclassestomanagethedatafromthecontactrecords.

CreateanewprojectcalledTestContactsinEclipsesetupforAndroid2.0.

AndroidContactAPIFor2.0

GrantingAccess

BeforeanapplicationcanquerythecontactrecordsaccessmustbegrantedthroughtheAndroidManifest.xmlfilestoredintherootoftheproject.Addthefollowinguses-permissionbelowstheuses-sdkstatement. 

name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>

QueryingTheAndroidContactDatabase

RetrievingContactDetails

BasiccontactinformationstoredinContactstablewithdetailedinformationstoredinindividualtablesfornormalization.InAndroid2.0toquerythebasecontactrecordstheURItoqueryisstoredinContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI. 

packagehigherpass.TestContacts;

importandroid.app.Activity;

importandroid.content.ContentResolver;

importandroid.database.Cursor;

importandroid.os.Bundle;

importandroid.provider.ContactsContract;

publicclassTestContactsextendsActivity{

/**Calledwhentheactivityisfirstcreated.*/

@Override

publicvoidonCreate（BundlesavedInstanceState）{

super.onCreate（savedInstanceState）;

setContentView（R.layout.main）;

ContentResolvercr=getContentResolver（）;

Cursorcur=cr.query（ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,

null,null,null,null）;

if（cur.getCount（）>0）{

while（cur.moveToNext（））{

Stringid=cur.getString（

cur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.Contacts._ID））;

Stringname=cur.getString（

cur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME））;

if（Integer.parseInt（cur.getString（cur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER）））>0）{

//Queryphonehere.Coverednext

}

}

}

}

}

ThisapplicationstartsoffasanyotherAndroidapplication.FirstcreateaContentResolverisntanceincr.ThenusetheContentResolverinstancetoquerythedatabaseandreturnaCursorwiththecontactslist.ThequeryisperofrmedagainsttheURIstoredinContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI.Nextcheckifthecursorcontainsrecordsandifsoloopthroughthem.TherecordIDfieldisstoredintheidvariable.Thiswillbeusedasawhereparameterlater.Alsothedisplaynamefieldisstoredinthestringname.Formoredetailsaboutworkingwithcursorssee AndroidCursorsTutorial.

PhoneNumbers

Phonenumbersarestoredintheirowntableandneedtobequeriedseparately.ToquerythephonenumbertableusetheURIstoredintheSDKvariableContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI.UseaWHEREconditionaltogetthephonenumbersforthespecifiedcontact. 

if（Integer.parseInt（cur.getString（

cur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER）））>0）{

CursorpCur=cr.query（

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,

null,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID+"=?

",

newString[]{id},null）;

while（pCur.moveToNext（））{

//Dosomethingwithphones

}

pCur.close（）;

}

PerformasecondqueryagainsttheAndroidcontactsSQLitedatabase.ThephonenumbersarequeriedagainsttheURIstoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI.ThecontactIDisstoredinthephonetableasContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_IDandtheWHEREclauseisusedtolimitthedatareturned.

EmailAddresses

Queryingemailaddressesissimilartophonenumbers.Aquerymustbeperformedtogetemailaddressesfromthedatabase.QuerytheURIstoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URItoquerytheemailaddresstable. 

CursoremailCur=cr.query（

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,

null,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID+"=?

",

newString[]{id},null）;

while（emailCur.moveToNext（））{

//Thiswouldallowyougetseveralemailaddresses

//iftheemailaddresseswerestoredinanarray

Stringemail=emailCur.getString（

emailCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.DATA））;

StringemailType=emailCur.getString（

emailCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.TYPE））;

}

emailCur.close（）;

AswiththephonequerythefieldnamesfortheemailtablearealsostoredunderContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.TheemailqueryisperformedontheURIinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URIandtheWHEREclausehastomatchtheContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_IDfield.SincemultipleemailaddressescanbestoredloopthroughtherecordsreturnedintheCursor.

Notes

Customnotescanbeattachedtoeachcontactrecord.AsbeforethesearestoredinaseparatetableandarerelatedbasedonthecontactID. 

StringnoteWhere=ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID+"=?

AND"+ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE+"=?

";

String[]noteWhereParams=newString[]{id,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE};

CursornoteCur=cr.query（ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,null,noteWhere,noteWhereParams,null）;

if（noteCur.moveToFirst（））{

Stringnote=noteCur.getString（noteCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.NOTE））;

}

noteCur.close（）;

NotesarestoredintheAndroidContactsgenericdatatable.WhenaccessingspecificdatatheWHEREclausewillneed2conditionals.FirstthestandardcontactID,secondaMIMETYPEforthedatathatisbeingrequested.TheAndroidSDKcomeswithaseriesofauto-generatedvariablesthattakecareofthis.UsetheContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPEvariabletolimitthequerytonoterecords.ThedatatableURIisstoredatContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI.FinallythenotefieldnameisstoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Note.NOTE.

PostalAddresses

Androidcanstoremultiplepostaladdressespercontact.AddressesarealsostoredinthedatatablelikenotesandqueriedviatheURIstoredinContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI.SimilartothenotesqueryaMIMETYPEmustbeaddedtotheWHEREconditional.AlsoinAndroid2.0theAddressrecordwassplitintomultiplefieldscontainingdifferentpartsoftheaddress（PO-Box,stree,city,region,postalcode）.InearlierversionsoftheAndroidSDKthiswasafree-formstringstorage. 

StringaddrWhere=ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID+"=?

AND"+ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE+"=?

";

String[]addrWhereParams=newString[]{id,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE};

CursoraddrCur=cr.query（ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,

null,where,whereParameters,null）;

while（addrCur.moveToNext（））{

StringpoBox=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.POBOX））;

Stringstreet=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.STREET））;

Stringcity=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.CITY））;

Stringstate=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.REGION））;

StringpostalCode=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.POSTCODE））;

Stringcountry=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.COUNTRY））;

Stringtype=addrCur.getString（

addrCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.TYPE））;

}

addrCur.close（）;

Thiscodeissimilartothepreviousexample.NoticethefieldnamesfortheaddresspiecesarestoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredPostal.

InstantMessenger（IM）

Theinstantmessengerqueryperformsjustasthenotesandaddressqueries.ImportantfieldnamesforIMrelateddataarestoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im. 

StringimWhere=ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID+"=?

AND"+ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE+"=?

";

String[]imWhereParams=newString[]{id,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE};

CursorimCur=cr.query（ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,

null,imWhere,imWhereParams,null）;

if（imCur.moveToFirst（））{

StringimName=imCur.getString（

imCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.DATA））;

StringimType;

imType=imCur.getString（

imCur.getColumnIndex（ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Im.TYPE））;

}

imCur.close（）;

Organizations

ThelastpartofthecontactrecordtobecoveredistheOrganizationsdata.TheAndroidcontactrecordcancontaininformationaboutEmployment,professional,andsocialmembershipsaswellasrolesandtitles.TheserecordsarequeriedfromtheURIstoredinContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI.ImportantfieldnamesfortheorganizationdataarestoredinContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization. 

StringorgWhere=ContactsContract.Data.CONTACT_ID+"=?

AND"+ContactsContract.Data.MIMETYPE+"=?

";

String[]orgWhereParams=newString[]{id,

ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Organization.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE};

CursororgCur=cr.query（ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI,

null,orgWhere,orgWhereParams,null）;

if（orgCur.moveToFirst（））{

StringorgName=orgCur.getString（orgCur.getColumn