TranslationStrategies.docx

TranslationStrategies.docx

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TranslationStrategies

TranslationStrategies

OfEnglishBusinessContract

英语三班1112013005杨娇娇

摘要

在国际经济贸易活动中，商务合同是一种重要的法律文件依据,商贸英语已成为必不可少的语言交际工具,它也是英文经济贸易合同的基点。

越来越多的英语和法律的爱好者也希望能尽快熟悉合同英语，从而准确理解，翻译、制作英语合同。

这种需求随着中国加入WTO（世界贸易组织）而剧增，用英语解决商务合同问题的愿望也会随之越来越迫切。

国际商务合同的种类繁多，涉及面广，内容复杂。

这类合同都是涉外交易性质，需要英汉两种版本，因此大多需要翻译。

商务合同有其自身的特点，即条理性、规范性和专业性。

商务合同对翻译的质量提出很高的要求，也增加了其难度。

本文用大量的例句，对商务合同英语的准确性、严谨性、规范性及翻译技巧与内容的完善还有翻译中常见错误、成因及其对策等作了全面分析和论述，并分析其翻译方面所应注意的问题。

Abstract

BusinesscontractisonimportantlegaldocumentduringtheInternationaltradewhichmakesbusinessEnglishasanessentiallanguagetooltotheEnglisheconomictrade.Moreandmorepeople,wholikeEnglishandlaw,hopetoknowaboutEnglishbusinesscontactinordertoaccuratelyunderstand,translateandmakethesescontracts.Internationalbusinesscontacthasthefeaturesofvariedcategories,vastcoverage,andcomplexcontentwhichspecialtranslationskillstotranslate.Inthistermpaper,itwilldiscussandillustratethetranslationskillsandprinciplesaswellasthecommonmistakesanditsreasonsbasedonthefeaturesofcontract.Itwillalsogivesolutionstotheproblemsthatcomeintocontracttranslation.

1.Introduction

WiththeconstantdeepdevelopmentofthepolicyofMarketEconomyandtheReformandOpenpolicytotheoutsideworldofourcountry,themarketcompetitivesystemofChinahasmadeafurtherprogress.Thebusinesstradewiththeforeigncountryhasbecomesomuchfrequentthatwehavegotmoreandmoreopportunitytocooperatewiththeforeigncompanywiththewidenofthescaleoftheenterprisesconcerningforeignaffairs.So,ithasbecomeanimperativeparttodraft,negotiateandsignacontract.Inthispaper,briefanalysiswillbegiventoseveralaspectsontranslationskillsandstrategiesoftheEnglishbusinesscontract.

2.TranslationStrategiesofEnglishContract

Abesttranslationstrategymeansthathowcanmakeawordorasentencereadlikethenativelanguagebothinitsstyleandmeaning.Literaltranslation,freetranslation,domesticatingtranslationandforeignzingtranslationaretranslationstrategies.Inthispart,briefintroductionwillbegiventotheapplicationoftranslationmethodsinEnglishcontracttranslation.Whatismore,moreattentionwillbegiventobasictranslationmethodsinthetranslationofEnglishbusinesscontract.

2.1PrinciplesofEnglishBusinessContractTranslation

Alongwithdifferentprinciplesputforwardbydifferentscholars,translatorsusuallyholdtheviewthattheprinciplesproposedbyProfessorLiuFagonginhisExploringintothePrinciplesofChinese-EnglishBusinessEnglishContract.ProfessorLiuputsforwardtheviewthatthemajorprinciplesofbusinesstranslationshouldbe“faithfulnessandexactness”.

2.1.1Faithfulness

“Faithfulness”meansthattheinformationmustbeequivalentwiththeinformationinsourcelanguage,Informationtransmittingisthecoreofbusinesscontract,andtheinformationshouldbeequivalent.Forexample:

（14）Apartialaveragelossunder3%oftheinsuredamountwillnotberecoverablebutoneamountingtoorexceeding3%willbepaid.（Translation:

单独平均损失低于所保金额的3%时，不赔偿，达到或超过3%时则赔偿。

）

Here,translatormisunderstoodtheterm“partialaverageloss”.Theterm“partialaverageterm”shouldbetranslatedintoChinese“单独海损”.Translator’smisunderstandingleadstothefailureofinformationtransmitting.

2.1.2Exactness

Exactnessdemandstranslatorstochoosetheaccuratewordsintranslation,whichcantransmittheequivalentinformationwiththeoneinsourcelanguage.Accuracyinbothunderstandingandchoosingwordisthefirstconditiontoguaranteethehighqualityoftranslation.Forexample:

（15）PartyAshallhavearightoffirstrefusalwheneverPartyBwishestosellanyofitssharesintheGroup.（Translation:

乙方任何时候有意出售其持有之任何集团股份，甲方一律拥有优先拒绝权。

）

Thistranslationcompletelydeviatesfromthe“exactness”spirit.Thefalseresortimputetothemisunderstandingofthephrase“rightoffirstrefusal”（优先购买权）.

2.2TheMistakesinTranslationEnglishBusinessContract

AlotofmistakesarefoundintheEnglishbusinesscontracttranslationduetothespecialfeaturesofthebusinesscontract;therearealotofdifficultiesinthetranslationofit,suchasthedifficultiesinthetranslationofthejargons,thedifficultiesinthetranslationofAbbreviationsandtheobstaclesindealingwiththecomplexsentencestructures.Onlywhenthedifficultiesmentionedabovearesolvedproperly,cananexcellenttranslationversionbegained.Inthefollowingparts,somedetailedinformation.

Forexample:

…thesubcontractor…shallmakeavailabletothecontractorallrelevantplanningandreportingdocuments（daily,weekly,andmonthlyprogressreports,accidentandsecurityreports,payrolls,listoflaborstaffandexpatriates.

The“payroll”inthissentencecannotbetranslatedas“工资单”.However,the“payroll”shouldbetranslatedas“计算报告”.（Translation：

“……分包商……应向承包商提供所有相关的计划和报告文件（每日、每周和每月的进度报告、事故及安全报告、计算报告和劳务职员及外籍人员名单”。

）

Secondly,theforeignbackgroundinformationdisplaysimportantrole,ifainterpreterisnotfamiliarwiththebusinessfield,hecannotcorrectlytranslatethecontract.Andfrequentlymistakeintranslationwillcausenotclear,andconfusion.Forexample:

Thecontractorshallberesponsibleforthetrueandpropersetting-outoftheworksinrelationtooriginalpoints,linesandlevelsofreferencegivenbytheengineerinwritingandforthecorrectness,subjectasabovementioned,oftheposition,levels,dimensionsandalignmentofallpartsoftheworksandfortheprovisionofallnecessaryinstruments,appliancesandlaborinconnectiontherewith.（Translation：

承包人负责根据工程的书面指示正确的开始工程，保证工程位置、面积、水平面及各部分组合的质量，提供工程所需工具、设备和劳力。

）

ThisparagraphinvolvesEngineeringSurveyingthemainreasonformistakeisthelackofrelatedinformation.Suchassetting-out（放线）,originalpoints（原始点）,lines（线）,levels（水平）andinstruments（测量仪器）,etc.

Thenewtranslation：

承包商应负责按工程师书面提交的有关点、线和水平面的原始参数如是准确的进行工程放线，且如上所述，负责校准工程各部分的方位、水平、尺寸和定线，并负责提供一切必要的相关仪器、装置和劳力。

4.Conclusion

ConclusioncanbecommentedthatthisthesishasstatedthelanguagefeaturesofEnglishbusinesscontract,generalizedsometranslationprinciplesusedintranslatingEnglishbusinesscontract,andthenanalyzedmistakesandsolutionsintheEnglishbusinesscontract.Fromthispaper,itcanbefoundthatEnglishbusinesscontractisnotonlyaspecialdocumentstylebutalsoapracticalusageofEnglish.Moreover,it’sregardedasaspecialstylewhichhasitsownlanguagefeatures,functions,specialtranslationprinciplesandtranslationmethods.ThroughthestudyofEnglishbusinesscontracttranslation,weneednotonlytheknowledgeoftheorybuttheknowledgeofpracticalmethod,whichwillhelpusbetterunderstandit.

Bibliography

（1）.FangMengzhi方梦之.YinghanFanyiBianxi英汉翻译辨析.（DifferencebetweenTranslationofEnglishandChinese）Beijing:

ChinaTranslationPublishingCompany,2005.

（2）.FengQinhua冯庆华ShiYongFanYiJiaoCheng实用翻译教程（APracticalTranslationTeachingCourse）Beijing:

ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2006

（3）.ZhuangYichuan庄绎传YingHanFanYiJianMingJiaoCheng英汉翻译简明教程（ASimpleCourseonEnglish-ChineseTranslation）.ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2002

（4）.FanZhongying范仲英.ShiyongFanyiJiaocheng实用翻译教程（AnAppliedTheoryofTranslation）.Beijing:

ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2006

（5）.CaoRuiming曹瑞明.KuaWenhuaJiaojiFanyiZhongdeChayiYuRonghe跨文化交际翻译中的差异与融合（DifferenceandIntegrationinInterculturalCommunicationTranslation）.Xian:

JournalofXia,2006.

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