土建专业毕业设计外文翻译高层建筑设计的持续发展策略与研讨.docx

土建专业毕业设计外文翻译高层建筑设计的持续发展策略与研讨.docx

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土建专业毕业设计外文翻译高层建筑设计的持续发展策略与研讨

StrategiesandSustainabilityConsiderationinHighriseBuilding

-AMalaysianCaseStudy.

ABSTRACT：

High-risebuildingisagrowingphenomenoninmanycitiesaroundtheworld.Ifinternationalbuildingandurbanizationtrendsareanyindication,moreandmorepeopletheworldoverwillhavetoliveandworkinhigh-risebuildingduetothelackofdevelopablelandintheurbanarea.Tallbuildingsalsoprovideasensiblesolutionforsustainingahigh-densitydevelopmentbyoptimizingtheuseofairspacewhilerelievingmoregroundfloorspaceforamenityandgreenery.

ThispaperisfocusingonacasestudyinKualaLumpurintheformofaproposedmixeddevelopmentdesignedbytheauthorinKualaLumpur,Malaysia.Thetotalgrossfloorareaoftheprojectisabout400,000squaremeteror4.3millionsquarefeet.Itisconsistingofacarparkandretailcumcommercialpodiumwithfivetowerblocksrangingfrom37storiesto77storiesconsistingofoffices,condominiumsandserviceapartments.

Theproposedprojectissituatedinaveryinterestingpartoftown.ThedevelopmentispartiallytobebuiltabovetheKlangRiverthatrunsthroughtheheartofKualaLumpur.OnthesouthoftheriveristheestablishedpartofKualaLumpurwithbuildingsuchasPetronasTwinTowerwhichuntilrecentlywasthetallestbuildingintheworld.OnthenorthoftheriverisKampungBaru,anareamostlyneglectedintheoveralldevelopmentofthecity.ThisprojectwillusetheopportunityofbuildingacrosstherivertoconnecttwopartsofthecitytogetherandhelpstospeedupthephysicalandsocialdevelopmentofKampungBaruwhichislackbehindtherestofthecityintheoveralldevelopmentofthecity.

Anumberofdesignprinciplesforthetropicalhigh-riseprototypeareexploredinthisprojectbeginningwiththestudyofsun’spathandgeometry.Manyenvironmentallyfriendlydevicessuchasskyterrace,skygardenandopentoskycentralcourtareintroduced.Theprojectalsolooksattheaspectofclimaticallyappropriateformforthehigh-risebuildinginthehot-humidtropicalclimate.Ontheissuesofarchitecturalplanning,thisprojectisalsoplannedas“citiesinthetropicalsky”,withcarefullyplannedskygardenatpodiumandrooflevels,skypedestrianlinkages,publiczones,awidevarietyofuses,stunningvistasandasenseofplaceextendedupwards.

Duringtheearly1980s,increasingurbanmigrationtothecitiesofKualaLumpurandarisingmiddle-classpopulationresultedinanextraordinarydemandformassresidentialhousinginMalaysia,rangingfromhigh-endandluxurybungalowsforupperincomepeople,medium-costlinkhousestolow-costapartmentsandcondominiumsformiddleandlowerincomepeoplerespectively.InfactnotonlythepopulationofKualaLumpurexpand,butoutsidethecapitalresidentialdevelopmentexpandedrapidlytocopewiththedemandforhousing.

Masshousingimplieshousingonalargescale.Itisachallengetoprovidemasshousingandresidentialdesignsthatareinteresting,user-oriented,personalized,imagegiving,architecturallyinnovative,pleasingandatthesametimecosteffective.Sincehousingisforagroupofpeople,thedesigner’staskistoensurethatthemajority’sneedsarefulfilled.

1.SocialConsideration

ItisimportanttounderstandthehousingdesignrequirementsespeciallyinamultiracialsocietylikeMalaysia,wherethediverseculturesandracesaswellasvariousincomegroupsdemanddifferenthousingsolution.

1.1RacialGroups

TherearethreemajorracesinMalaysia:

Malay,ChineseandIndian.Eachhasdistinctiveculturalpracticeandtraditions.However,havinglivedtogetherinthecountryformorethanthreedecadessinceIndependencein1957,agreatdealofintegrationhastakenplace.Incities,whereWesterninfluenceismostobvious,thediversityinlifeexpressedthroughpreferenceofhousingneedsbetweenseveralracialgroupshaslessen.Infact,inthisurbancontext,themainfactorsthatcategoriesvarioushousinggroupsaretheincomelevelratherthanracialdifferences.

Incomeleveldeterminesthescopeofchoice.Thehighertheincomelevels;thewiderandmoreflexibleswouldbethehousingchoice.Likewise,astheeconomiclevelofahousinggroupreduces,thehousingchoicewouldbemorebasicandrestrictive.

1.2Density

Densityisnormallymeasuredeitherinnumberofunitsperacreornumberofpersonsperacre.InKualaLumpur,densityat60personsperacreorequivalentto20unitsperacrewouldbeconsideredtobeaverage.InthecitycenterofKualaLumpurnowadays,densityofupto400personsperacre,equivalentto134unitsperacreormoreisbecomingcommon.

Densitydeterminesthehousingformsandbuildingstypes.Certainconfigurationwouldbeabletoachievehigherdensity.However,thiswouldleaveminimumopenspaceforrecreatio