雅思大作文AcdemicWriting评分标准首段写法主体段写法.docx
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雅思大作文AcdemicWriting评分标准首段写法主体段写法
雅思大作文AcdemicWriting评分标准首段写法主体段写法
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AcademicWriting
Task2
IELTSWriting
Task2评分标准解析
•Band8description
–TaskResponse
•Length
•Addressallquestionsdirectly
•Clearpositionandwelldeveloped
–CoherenceandCohesion
•Cohesivedevices
•Clearprogression
•Clearcentraltopic
–LexicalResource
•Useawiderangeofvocabulary
•Skillfullyuseuncommonitems
•Errorfree
–GrammaticalRangeandAccuracy
•Useawiderangeofstructures
•Errorfree
Task2评分标准解析
•LR得分对策
•避免口语词汇
•always;very;alotof
•避免表意不明
•newthings;badthings
•避免使用使役动词
•makesthadj.
•避免意译
•startingplaces;cutout
WritingTask2分类突破
•雅思写作话题分类
–Report【报告型】
•Reasons
•Influences
•Measures
–Argumentation【论证型】
•Opinions
•Evidences
首段写法
•贫富差距：
–在当今社会，贫富差距很普遍并且越来越明显。
这种状况如果得不到有效的解决将会给社会带来各种问题。
本文将探讨贫富差距产生的原因并提出相应的解决方案。
•国际旅游
–当前，出国旅游现在已经非常普遍并且人们在旅游过程中了解的异国文化。
这种国家之间的了解对国际关系将产生重大影响。
本文将探讨国际旅游受欢迎的主要原因以及对个人与社会的影响。
•环境污染：
–在21世纪，人类面临着严峻的环境问题。
这个问题如果没有得到有效的控制，会威胁人类的生存。
在本文中，我将探讨环境污染的主要原因并提出有效的解决方案。
首段写法
•贫富差距：
–Inthecontemporarysocieties,thegapbetweentherichandthepoorisprevalentandbecomingincreasinglyobvious.Ifthissituationisnotaddressedeffectively,itwillgiverisetoavarietyofsocialproblems.Inthisessay.Iwilllookintothereasonsforthewealthgapandbringforthcorrespondingsolutions.
首段写法
•国际旅游
–Inrecentyears,internationaltravelhasbeenincreasinglypopularacrosstheworldandthetouristslearnaboutthedistinctiveculturesfromtheirownthroughtraveling.Suchunderstandingbetweenpeoplehassignificantlyaffectedtheinternationalrelations.Inthisessay,Iwillinvestigateaboutthereasonforincreaseofinternationaltouristsandanalyzetheeffectsonindividualsandthesociety.
首段写法
•环境问题
–Inthe21stcentury,thehumanraceisfacinggraveenvironmentalconditionthananyprevioustimes.Ifthetrendisnotreversed,thesurvivalofhumanbeingwillbeinrisk.Inthisessay,Iwillelaborateonthecausesofenvironmentaldamagesandputforwardcorrespondingsolutions.
首段写法
•贫富差距：
–在当今社会，贫富差距很普遍并且越来越明显。
这种状况如果得不到有效的解决将会给社会带来各种问题。
本文将探讨贫富差距产生的原因并提出相应的解决方案。
•国际旅游
–当前，出国旅游现在已经非常普遍并且人们在旅游过程中了解的异国文化。
这种国家之间的了解对国际关系将产生重大影响。
本文将探讨国际旅游受欢迎的主要原因以及对个人与社会的影响。
•环境污染：
–在21世纪，人类面临着严峻的环境问题。
这个问题如果没有得到有效的控制，会威胁人类的生存。
在本文中，我将探讨环境污染的主要原因并提出有效的解决方案。
首段写法
–Accordingtoonerecentsurvey,thenumberofprivatecarsinBeijinghasincreasedby20%to2millionanditisdifficulttoforeseeanydownwardtrend.
–THESISSTATEMENT
–Thisever-swellingcarownershipinmanybigcitiesaswellascountrysideiscausingnumerousproblems.
–Itisreportedthattheworldisfacingaworseningyouthemploymentcrisis:
youngpeoplearethreetimesmorelikelytobeunemployedthanadultsandover75millionyouthworldwidearelookingforwork.
–THESISSTATEMENT
–Theimpactsofthesituationshouldbegivenadequateattention.
–Provingsurprisingfacts:
statistics
–Accordingtoarecentsurvey,morethan70%ofthe……
–Itisreportedthat......
–Anauthoritativemagazineconcerning…revealsthat…
–InastudyconductedbytheMedicalAssociation,researchersconcludedthat…
–Practice:
–Thedyingoutofspecies
–Surprisingstatement:
fromexpertsorresearches
–…,aseducationalistssuggests/pointsout/advises
–Studieshaveshownthat/proventhat…
–…（facts）….Someexpertsdrawtheconclusionthat……
•Practice:
–Noisepollution
–Longtermexposureinnoisecouldleadtoseriousphysicaldisordersorevenfataldisease,asmedicalexpertsadvises/cautions/suggests.
–THESISSTATEMENT
–Theyalsopromptthegovernmenttoidentifythesourcesofnoiseandtotakeeffectiveactionstoreducenoise.
–Noisepollutionadverselyaffectsthelivesofmillionsofpeople.Studieshaveshownthattherearedirectlinksbetweennoiseandhealth.Problemsrelatedtonoiseincludehearingloss,sleepdisruption,lowproductivityandsoon,amongwhichHearingLossisthemostcommon.
–THESISSTATEMENT
–Thesehealthhazardscanonlybeeliminatedthoughidentifyingthemainsourcesandthemeasurestoreducenoises.
•Sample:
–Inrecentdecades,anincreasingnumberofmuseumsandgallerieshavebeenbuiltinmycountries,mostofwhichareequippedwiththelatesttechnologyandadvancedfacilities.Whatisthefunctionofsuchplacesandwhoshouldberesponsibleforfinancingsuchplaces?
•
Mostteenshavemoneytospendthankstoanallowanceorafter-schooljob,butdotheyhavethemoneymanagementskillstogoalongwiththatincome?
Thereforesomepeoplesuggestthatweshouldteachchildrenaboutfinancialmanagementatanearlyage.
•
Itisknowntoallthatnoisecanbeannoying,butareyouawareofthefactthattheimpactsofnoiseonourhealthcanbeappalling?
THESISSTATEMENT
Toalleviatethehazardouseffects,itiscriticaltoidentifythemainsourcesofnoiseandtakenecessarymeasurestoreducenoisepollution.
•
•
•素材梳理：
–[C7T3Page167]WRITINGTASK2
–Asmostpeoplespendamajorpartoftheiradultlifeatwork,jobsatisfactionisanimportantelementofindividualwellbeing.
–Whatfactorscontributetojobsatisfaction?
–Howrealisticistheexpectorationofjobsatisfactionforallworkers?
Report主体段结构
•考官范文赏析：
–Body1
•“Employeesgetjobsatisfactioninanumberofways.”
–Firstly,feeltheworkisvaluedandvaluableandfeelthejobisworthdoing
–Secondly,asenseofprogression
–Thesenseofbelongingalsocontributeto…
–Satisfactionisalsoincreasedbyasenseofresponsibility
Report主体段结构
•素材梳理：
–[环境资源类]Fartoolittlehasbeendonetopreventanimalsandplantsfromdyingout,althoughpeoplehavenoticedthisproblemforalongtime.Whyarepeoplefailedtoimprovethissituation?
Whatareyoursuggestions?
Report主体段结构
•素材梳理：
–Page228Reasonsandsolutionsforjuvenilecrime.
Report主体段结构
•素材梳理：
–Page246Reasonsandsolutionstowatershortage
Report主体段结构
•素材组织：
–[环境资源类]Fartoolittlehasbeendonetopreventanimalsandplantsfromdyingout,althoughpeoplehavenoticedthisproblemforalongtime.Whyarepeoplefailedtoimprovethissituation?
Whatareyoursuggestions?
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（平民版）：
–首先
•Firstofall;tobeginwith;first
–其次
•Inaddition;besides;inadditionto
–再次
•Moreover;what’smore
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（砖家版）：
–Reasons[主要次要；直接间接]
•一个主要原因是
–Themajor/main/primecauseisthat…
•另一个因素是
–Theothercontributingfactorinvolves…
•….也不能被忽略
–Inaddition,…shouldnotbeignored
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（砖家版）：
–Measures[有效性]
•一个有效解决方案是…
•Oneeffectiveapproachtosolvetheproblemis…
•此外，…也是一个可行的选择。
•Besides,todo…isalsoafeasiblechoice.
•如果能…,问题也能得到极大的解决
•Providedthat…canbedone,thisissuecouldbelargelyimproved.
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
–Thefirstreasonisassociatedwiththemassmedia,whetheritisprintmediasuchasnewspaperormagazineortheelectronicmediaincludingtheinternetorTV,wherethereadersoraudiencesarebombardedwithfashionablecontent.
–However,whethertobuysomethingfashionableisultimatelydeterminedbyweindividuals,ormoreexactly,consumers.
–Therefore,someconsiderationshouldbegiventothebuyerthemselves.
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
–Manypeoplesuggestthatthefailureoffamilyeducationmaybetoblame.
–Duetothefactthatyoungchildrenspentthemajorpartoftimeinschool
–educationalistsalsopointoutthatthereisaproblemwithschooleducationaswell.
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
–Toreducejuvenilecrime,firstofall,parentsshouldregulatechildren’sbehaviorandinstillcorrectviewoflife.
–Thougheducatingaboutrightandwrongcanreducecrimeinthelongrun,tohaltthecurrenttrendofjuvenilecrime,childrenshoulddevelopclearrecognitionabouttheconsequencesofinappropriatebehaviors,whereschoolsareinthebestpositiontoimplementthesolution.
–Schoolsshouldincorporatelegaleducationintotheelementarycurriculum.
Report主体段结构
•素材组织（专家版）：
–C8Page167solutiontotrafficandpollution
–Ithinktotackletheproblemofpollution,cleanerfuelsneedtobedeveloped.…
–However,trafficcongestionwillnotbesolvedbychangingthetypeofprivatevehiclepeoplecanuse.Todothis,weneedtoimprovethechoiceofpublictransportservicesavailabletotravellers.…
Task2论据扩展方法
•论据扩展：
–[环境资源类]Fartoolittlehasbeendonetopreventanimalsandplantsfromdyingout,althoughpeoplehavenoticedthisproblemforalongtime.Whyarepeoplefailedtoimprovethissituation?
Whatareyoursuggestions?
Task2主体段落扩展
•主体段落论据扩展：
–Themainreasonisthatalargeproportionofpeoplelacktheawarenessofprotectingtheendangeredspecies.
Task2主体段落扩展
•主体段落论据扩展：
–Themainreasonisthatalargeproportionofpeoplelacktheawarenessofprotectingtheendangeredspecies.
•Whyso?
【给出原因】
•Really?
【给出具体事例】
Task2主体段落扩展
•主体段落论据扩展：
–themainreasonisthatalargeproportionofpeoplelacktheawarenessofprotectingtheendangeredspecies.
•[解释原因]Manypeopleassumethatthereisnodirectrelationbeweenthelivingofthoseplantsandanimalsandours.
•[解释后果]Asaresult,peopleseldomseethenecessityandthesignificancetoinvestheavilyonprotection,duetowhichmanyspeciesbecomeextinct.
Task2主体段落扩展
•主体段落论据扩展：
–Theothercontributingfactorinvolvestheeconomicdevelopment.
–[解释原因]Economicgrowthisinvariablyaccompaniedbytakingresourcesfromthenaturesuchascuttingdownwoodsinth
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