九年级上英语复习.docx
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九年级上英语复习
英语·九年级(上)复习资料——语法篇
一、动名词的构成
(一)Verb+-ingassubject(主语)【动名词在句子中可以充当主语的作用】
▲动名词(短语)作主语时,谓语动词要用单数例如:
•Communicatingisnotjustspeaking.交流不仅仅是说话。
•Sittingstraightmeansapersonisconfident.端坐表明一个人是自信的。
▲英语中有一些动词(短语)后面常接动名词作宾语。
如:
finish,enjoy,mind,keep,suggest,avoid,miss,practise,admit,deny,can’thelp等。
•Hedeniedhavingstolenmybike.他否认偷了我的自行车。
•Whenweheardthejoke,wecouldn’thelplaughing.
当我们听到那个笑话时,我们忍不住笑了。
▲常见的“动词+介词+动名词”的短语有:
prefer...to,be/getusedto,lookforwardto,feellike,giveup,keepon,insiston,succeedin等。
•Hedoesn’tfeellikedoinghishomework.他不想做家庭作业。
•Youmustgiveupsmokingatonce.你必须马上戒烟。
▲用于某些惯用法中。
(1)bebusydoingsth“忙于做某事”
•Motherisbusycookingdinnerinthekitchen.妈妈在厨房忙着做饭。
(2)beworthdoingsth“值得做某事”
•Thebookisworthreading.这本书值得一读。
•(3)It’snouse/gooddoingsth“做……无用/无好处”
It’snouseaskinghimforhelp.向他寻求帮助没有用。
(二)Verb+-ingafterapreposition【动名词放在介词后面作介词宾语】
【练习一】
(一)选择最佳答案填空。
()1.Theyinsistedon____anotherchancetotry.
A.gotB.gettingC.beinggotD.tobegot
()2.Jacksaidthathewouldn’tmind____forus.
A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waited
()3.Mybrotherkeeps____myfavouritebook.AndIwantitback!
A.totakeB.takeC.takingD.took
4.Weshouldoftenpractise____Englishwitheachother.
A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking
5.Whatabout____totheconcertwithus
A.wegoB.wegoingC.goingD.togo
()6.Onlyoneofthesebooksisworth____.
A.toreadB.beingreadC.ofreadingD.reading
()7.Sheisverybusy____herpapers.Sheistoobusy____shopping.
A.towrite;togoB.writing;togoC.writing;goingD.towrite;forgoing
(二)连词成句。
1.a,difficult,to,is,learning,computer,use,for,some,people
2.your,in,reading,sun,iseyes,bad,the,for
3.English,often,English,good,a,is,way,to,speaking,study
4.playing,of,are,basketball,they,and,fond,volleyball
5.must,this,used,be,repairing,machine,without,not
(三)翻译句子
1.天天做早操有利于我们的健康。
2.保持教室清洁是我们的职责。
3.跑步和爬山通常是年轻人的爱好。
4.他们去看电影了而不是看电视。
(insteadof)
5.这件衬衣该洗了。
(need)
二、adjectives
【练习二】
1、Adjectiveswithfor+noun/pround+to+verb
eg1).—Itisdifficultformetochoosetherighthairstyle.
--Thenlookatthosephotos.Theymighthelpyou.
2).Isitconvienientforyoutocutmyhairnow
--No.I’mafraidyou’llhavetowaitafewminutes.
3).Isitimportantformetoeatabalanceddiet
--Ifyouwantyourhairtolookhealthy,itis.
2、Adjectiveswithenough+to+verb
Simon:
Letmecarrythosebooksforyou.
Debbie:
They’reheavy.Areyou____________________them
Simon:
Sure.Wheredoyouwantthem
Debbie:
Upontheshelf.Areyou____________________it
Simon:
Noproblem.I’llstandonthischair.
Debbie:
Thanks.Nowwhataboutsomelunch
Simon:
Goodidea.Let’sgetabustoSammy’s.
Debbie:
No.Let’sgotoaplacethat’s____________________to.Idon’twanttogetcaughtinatrafficjam.AndIwanttoshopafterlunchforasmallcamera.
Simon:
Howsmall
Debbie:
________________inyourpocket.It’sformyyoungerbrother.
Simon:
Ishe___________________howtouseacamera
Debbie:
Yes,he’s13andhe’salreadyanexpert.
3、Adjectiveswithof+noun/pronoun+to+verb
Ilefthomewithoutmyundergroundticket.It___________________myundergroundticket.
ImetMary,andshelentme¥20.It_______________________themoney.
Amanstoodupandofferedmehisseatonthetrain.It____________________hisseat.
Idroppedmybooks,andaboypickedthemupforme.It______________________forme.
IfellwhenIgotoffmybicycle.It_____________________mybicycle.
Imetsimon,andhelaughedatmynewhairstyle.It________________________myhairstyle.
4、Adjectivesendingin-ingand–ed
(一)
Mum:
Howwerethingsatthetravelagencytoday,Simon
Simon:
Very______.Ihadnothingtodoallday.Nocustomers.Ifeltreally_______.
Mum:
NocustomersThat’s_________.YouusuallyhavelotsonSaturdays.
Simon:
Iknow.MrYoungwasvery__________.Helookedunhappyallday.
Mum:
WhatdoyouplantodotonightGoout,Isuppose
Simon:
No,IthinkI’lljusthavea________eveningathome.
Mum:
There’san__________filmonatthecinema.
Simon:
No,thanks.I’mnot_________.
(二)
an_____story!
I’m_____init.
A.interested;interesting
B.interesting;interested
C.interested;interested
D.interesting;interesting
2.—What____newsitwas!
--Yes,allofthechildrenwere_____.
A.excited,exciting
B.exciting,excited
C.exciting,exciting
D.excited,excited
三、Objectclause(宾语从句)
1.在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的宾语。
eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)
HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)
MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)
2.宾语从句的引导词有三类:
(1)以that引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句,that可以省略。
eg,Theradiosays(that)thecloudswillliftlateron.
Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.
(2)以连接代词which,what,who等或连接副词how,where,why等引导的宾语从句,从句是陈述语序
eg,Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwithu
Iwanttoknowhowsoonitwillbegin.
(3)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序
eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.
3.宾语从句的时态
(1)当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时,从句可用所需要的任何时态。
eg,Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.
Youaretellingmethatyouwon'tstopuntiltomorrow
(2)当主句为一般过去时态时,从句要用于过去有关的时态。
eg,TheyaskedwhatJeanwasdoingnow.
Lindasaidthatthetrainhadleft.
(3)当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时,宾语从句要使用一般现在时。
eg,Lisaaskedwhetherlighttravelsfasterthansound.
Pollysaidnonewsisagoodnews
注意:
一般情况下,whether和if可以互用,但有些情况例外。
1.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if
eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.
2.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时,只用whether.
eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.
Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot
3.if当如果讲时,引导的是条件状语从句,这时不能用whether.
eg,Youcan'tworktheplanoutifyoudon'thavethemeeting.
【例题解析】
1.Theteacheraskedthestudents________.
A.iftheywereinterestedindinosaursB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn
C.whattheywilldowiththecomputersD.howmanytreestheyhaveplanted
解析:
宾语从句中从句应保持陈述语序,答案B首先删去,主句一般过去式,从句要用于过去有关的时态,删去答案C和D,答案A中的if意为如果.
应选A
2.Couldyoutellme_______
A.whatthematteriswithyouB.whatwasthematterwithyou
C.hat'sthematterwithyouD.what'sthewrongwithyou.
解析:
what就是从句的主语,what'sthematterwithyou本身就是陈述语序,因此删掉A;主句可看作是委婉的请求,并是一般过去式,可删去答案B;wrong前不用加the,因此此题选C.
askedme_______Icouldsingthesong"MyHeartwillGoOn."
A.ifB.weatherD.that
解析:
此句应选含有疑问意思的关系代词,故删去D;weather意为天气,根据句意应选A.
teachertoldusthatthemoon_________roundtheearth.
A.wentB.turnedD.turns
解析:
从句是一个客观真理,因此从句的时态不受主句影响。
应选D
5.Itmakesnodifference__________.
A.whetherwillyoucometomorrow.
B.Whetherornotwillbepasstheexam
C.Ifhewillcometothemeetingornot
D.Whetherhewillcometothemeetingornot
解析:
答案A和B从句不是陈述语序先删掉,if不能与not连用。
因此此题选D
6.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.
B.whatC.whyD.which
解析:
what表示职业,因此选B.
7.Iamsure_______yousaidistrue.
A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who
解析:
根据句意应用what,做said的内容,你所说的话。
应选A.
8.Theoldmantoldus_______and________.
A.todowhat,todohowB.whattodoit,howtodoit
C.whattodo,howtodoitD.whattodo,howtodo
解析:
疑问词what即连接不定式,又做do的宾语;而在how引导的不定式短语中,how表示方式,do为及物动词,因此需接宾语才正确
应选C
【练习三】
youknowwhentheWorldCup________nextweek
---NextFriday.Whenit________,Iwillringyou.
A.begins,beginsB.begins,willbeginC.willbegin,willbeginD.willbegin,begins
Todayortomorrow
---Whatareyoutalkingabout
---Wearetalkingabout_______togiveatalkonWTO.
A.howB.whereC.whenD.what
3.Iwonder_________.
A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelive
C.heliveswhereD.wherehelives
4.---AreyousureyouhavetoIt'sbeenverylate.
---Idon'tknow_____Icandoitifnotnow.
A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how
5.---Wouldyoupleasetellme_________
---InasmallvillagenearNiingbo.
A.wherewasyourmotherbornB.whereyourmotherwasborn
C.whenwasyourmotherbornD.whenyourmotherwasborn
6.Thephotographwillshowyou________.
A.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeB.whatourvillagelookslike
C.howdoesourvillagelooklikeD.howourvillagelookslike
7.---Canyouguessifthey_______toplaybasketballwithus
---Ithinkthey'llcomeifthey_________free.
come,willbeB.willcome,areC.come,areD.come,willbe
8.---Wheredoeshecomefrom
---Pardon
---Iaskedwhere_________.
A….didhecomefromB.hecamefrom
C.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom
9.Shewondered__________.
A.howmuchhecostthecomputerB.howmuchhepaidforthecomputer
C.howmuchthecomputerwillcosthimD.howmuchdidhespendonthecomputer
10.---Doyouknow________
---I'mnotsure.Maybeheisabusinessman.
A.whoheisB.whoisheC.whathedoesD.whatdoeshedo
四、Comparative&Superlativeofadverbs
1、常用副词比较级与最高级的构成:
规则变化:
单音节词:
比较级:
词尾+er;最高级:
词尾+est
→higher→highest
双音节和多音节词:
比较级:
词前+more;最高级:
词前+most;.
slowly→moreslowly→mostslowly
IrregularForm
原级
比较级
最高级
good,well
better
best
bad,ill
worse
worst
many,much
more
most
little
less
least
old
older
elder
olest
eldest
far
farther
further
farthest
furthest
3、常见用法
1)副词的同级比较肯定式用:
“Aas+副词原级+asB;否定式用:
Anot+as/so+副词原级+asB。
含义为:
“A与B一样…,或:
“A与B不一样…”
Charlie和Bruce跳得一样高。
CharliejumpsashighlyasBruce.
他没我跑得快。
Hedoes