老人与海论文.docx

老人与海论文.docx

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老人与海论文

毕业论文

题目AnAnalysisoftheHeroicCharacteristicsin“TheOldManAndTheSea”

《老人与海》中主人公的性格分析

姓名

学院外国语学院

专业英语

指导教师

2012年5月20日

ABSTRACT

HemingwayisoneofthemostfamousnovelistsinAmerica.HecreatedaperfectimageofCodeHero—SantiagoinTheOldManandtheSeawhichmadeHemingwaywintheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.TheOldManandtheSeaisoneofthemostinfluentialandfar-reachingnovelsofliterarytreasureoftheworld.Itsowidely-readthatpeopleconsiderthat“Whateverthereisanintellectual,peopleknowHemingwayandnobodyknowsHemingwaywithoutknowinghisworkTheOldManandtheSea”.

Intheintroductionoftheessay,theauthorwillmakeabriefdescriptionaboutthecontentsofthisnovelandpointoutthemainideaofthenovel.ThecontentsoftheessayaretoanalyzethecharacteristicsofCodeHero.Andthentheauthorwillsetoutframeworkoftheessay.Thefirstpartofthebodyisthebackgroundinformation.ThroughtheintroductiontoHemingway’slegendlife,peoplecanfindsomecommonpointsbetweentheauthorandtheoldman,andthemostfamiliarpointisthatbothofthemhavethespiritofCodeHero.Inthesecondpartofthebody,theauthorwillportraytheprocessofhiscatchingMarlinandfightingwiththesharks.ThentheauthoranalyzesthespiritofCodeHero.Thelastpartoftheessayistheconclusion.Thispaperwillanalyzetheimageoftheoldman,revealthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatethespiritofnever-give-up.

KEYWORDS:

Hemingway;TheOldManandtheSea;CodeHero;Santiago

摘要

海明威是美国著名的小说家之一，小说《老人与海》使其获得了1954年的诺贝尔文学奖。

在此小说中，作者创造了一个完美的硬汉形象——桑地亚哥。

《老人与海》是一件影响广泛，寓意深刻的世界文学瑰宝，它广泛地为大众所阅读，以至有人这样认为“只要是个文化人，你就会知道海明威其人。

知道海明威，你就不可能不知道小说《老人与海》”。

本文是从分析作品中老人这一形象出发，揭示“硬汉”的特征，倡导一种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。

在论文中，作者将对小说的主要内容作一简单的叙述，揭示小说的中心思想，并提出本次设计的内容——分析小说主人公桑地亚哥这一硬汉形象特征。

然后简单介绍此次论文的写作思路及框架。

论文正文的第一部分为背景信息，我们通过介绍小说作者海明威的传奇一生，指出作者对于小说主人公的诸多相同之处，其中最相似之处便是都具有“硬汉”精神。

在正文的第二部分，作者将结合老人捕鱼前后及在大海中航行的遭遇，具体分析小说主人公的“硬汉”形象特征。

本文的最后一部分为总结。

通过对小说中“硬汉”形象的分析，深刻揭示“硬汉”精神对当今社会的现实意义，倡导这种坚忍不拔，永不言败的精神。

关键字：

海明威；《老人与海》；硬汉；桑地亚哥

OUTLINE

Introduction

Thispaperexploresthethemeofthe“codeheroes“createdbyErnestHemingway,oneofthegreatestAmericanwriters,andanalyzesthemaincharacteristicsofthe“codehero”.TheauthorpointsoutthatthenovelnotonlydescribesthefightbetweenhumanandnatureandfatebutalsoindicatesHemingway’sCodeHerogettingtoitssummit.Althoughtheoldmaninthenovelisweakandinthegrimfateofpressure,healsoshowsthespiritofCodeHero.

І.BackgroundInformation

1.1Theintroductiontotheauthor

1.2TheIntroductiontothebackground

Ⅱ.AbriefintroductiontoTheOldManandtheSea

Ш.Detailedstudyoftheheroiccharacteristics

3.1Everlastinghopeforthefuture

3.2Unyieldingspiritforfacingthechallenge

3.3Heroicbehaviorintheactualbattle

3.4Lonelinessenduranceinthelongfighting

Conclusion

Thispaperanalyzestheimageoftheoldman,revealsthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatesthespiritofnever-give-up.ThechiefpointaboutSantiagoisthathebehavesperfectlyandhonorably,withgreatcourageandendurance.Whilelosingtothesharksthegiantfishhehascaught,hecomeswiththemessagethatwhilemanmayfroeold,andbewhollydownonhisluck,hecanstilldaretosticktotherules,persistwhenheisdestroyed,andthusbythemannerofhislosingtowinhisvictory.

Introduction

TheOldManandtheSeawaspublishedin1952andwasoneofHemingway’smostsuccessfulnovelswhichmadeHemingwaywintheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1954.

ThenoveltellsaverysimplestorywhichchroniclestheadventureofSantiago,basedonatruestoryofaCubafisherman.Aftereighty-fourdayswithoutcatchingafish,Santiago,anoldCubanhooksagiantfish.Fortwodaysandtwonightstheoldmanholdsonwhilethefishpullshimfurtherandfurther.Finallyhekillsthefishandtiesittohisskiff.Almostatonce,brutalsharksbegintotakehisprizeaway.Hestrugglesagainstthesharkswiththeharpoon,theoar,theknife,theshortclub.Thesharkseatallbutthebonesofthefish.Halfdeadwithexhaustion,hebringstheskeletonhomeandmakeshiswaytobedanddreamsofhisgoldentime.

Inthenovel,Hemingwaycreatesanimmortalartisticfigure,Santiago,arepresentativeofCodeHero.Santiagoisapoorfishermanwholivesaloneandhasfinallylostallwilltolive.Everydayisthesamedull,monotonousroutine.Hiswifehavedied;hisonlycomfortisaboywhoisforbiddentofishdeterminationinholdingontoagargantuanfish,Santiagoisplungedintotheadventureofhislife,butwillitbringmeaningtohisdays?

ButitisthespiritofCodeHerotosupporthimfightingandliving.

ThechiefpointaboutSantiagoisthathebehavesperfectlyandhonorably,withgreatcourageandendurance.Whilelosingtothesharksthegiantfishhehascaught,hecomeswiththemessagethatwhilemanmayturnold,andbewhollydownonhisluck,hecanstilldaretosticktotherules,persistwhenheisdestroyed,andthusbythemannerofhislosingtowinhisvictory.TheauthoralsowantstopointoutthatthenovelnotonlydescribesthefightbetweenhumanandnatureandfatebutalsoindicatesHemingway’sCodeHerogettingtoitssummit.Althoughtheoldmaninthenovelisweakandinthegrimfateofpressure,healsoshowsthespiritofCodeHero.

Thispaperwillanalyzetheimageoftheoldman,revealthecharacteristicsofCodeHero,andadvocatethespiritofnever-give-up.

І.BackgroundInformation

Thispaperwillmakeabriefintroductiontotheauthor,andalsointroducethesocialbackgroundandthenovel’sbackground,inordertomakethepaperbebetterunderstood.

1.1Theintroductiontotheauthor

OnJuly21,1899,ErnestHemingwaywasborninawell-to-dofamilyinOakPark,Illinois.Hisfather,asuccessfulphysicianenjoyedhuntingandfishing.Goingoutfrequentlywithhisfather,Hemingwaydevelopedawayoflifeanddeath,andlearnedsuchvirtuesascourageandendurance,Hemingway’sstyleoflivingasanadultandthefactthathisbooksaboundinsportstermsarepartlytraceabletohisearlylife.AsaboyHemingwaylikedboxingandfootball.Hehasonawholeahappyboyhood;thoughhedidrunawayfromhometwiceandobservedoncethatthebesttrainingforawriterisanunhappyboyhood.Thoughhehadpoorvisionfromchildhood,hewasgoodatsport.Intheschoolhewasalsoanoutstandingstudent.Afterleavingschoolat17infestedwiththeprevailingfeveramongtheyoung“togetintothethickofit”andwiththesenseoftheneedtoexperienceorobservewaratclosequartershetriedtoenlistinthearmy,butwasrejectedbecauseofhispoorsight.HewenttotheKansasCityStarandservedasanenergeticreporter.Thenhewasrecruitedasanambulancedriver,workingwiththeRedCrossinEurope.Thisledtothecrucialhappeningofhislife.OnJuly6,1918hewasseverelywoundedinthekneeinItaly.HerecoveredintimeandstayedwiththeItalianarmyuntiltheendofthewar.Hiswarexperiencesoshatteringandnightmarishprovedthathislifeandwritingwerepermanentlyaffected.Inasense,allhislife,heliedwithitemotionallyandcontinuedtowriteaboutitinordertoreliveitandforgetit.

AllalongHemingway’slife,hemarriedfourtimes;eventhroughthis,hewasnotaficklelover.OncehewrotetooneofhisfriendsLillianLooseandsaid,“Ilovemysons,llovemywives”.Hemingwayisanegativewriter.Itisverydifficultforhimtosay“yes”.Heholdsablack,naturalisticviewoftheworldandamantohimisnothing,too.Thetitleofhisfirstimportantbook,TheSunAlsoRises,referringtothebiblical“Ecclesiastes”isdownrightnihilisticintonewhenhesays“Thesunalsorises,andthesungoesdownandhastetohisplacewherehearose”and“Thethingthathathbeen,itisthatwhichshallbe;andthatwhichisdonethatwhichshouldbedone,andthereisnonewthingunderthesun”.Hehasevidentlyaverynegativeattitudetowardslife.Hemingwayseeslifeintermsofbattleandtension.Allofhisworksdramatizethisconceptoflife,thatitisdangerousandisalwaysreadytodefectanddestroyyou;butthat,ifyoukeepcalmandstandonyoursetofprinciples,youmaywinonyourownterms,throughasthewinneryougetnothingexcept,perhaps,theknowledgethatyouhaveplayedwellbychaosandbrutalityandviolence（asinAFarewelltoArms,ForWhomtheBellTollsandmanysketchesInOurTimes）,bycrimeanddeath（asinToHaveandHaveNotandTheKillers）,andsport,harddrinkingandsexualpromiscuity（asinTheSunAlsoRiseandsomeofhisshortstories）.AndhistypicalHemingwayheroisonewhowoundedbutstrong,moresensitiveandwoundedbecausestronger,enjoysthepleasuresoflife（sex,alcohol,sport）infaceofruinanddeaththroughsomenotionofacodeandidealofhimself.

HemingwayisamythinhisowntimeandamythinAmericanliterature.Heisaglamorouspublicheroofsortswhosestyleofwritingandlivingwassoprecisebecauseheactedoutthethemeofhisownbooks.

1.2TheIntroductiontothebackground

Hemingway’slifewasactiveandadventurousbutfullofpains.HelivedintheperiodwhentheWorldWarOnebrokeoutwhenmanyyoungvolunteerstookpartinthewarwhichwasalsocalled“awarendsallwars”.Butthecruelrealitymadethemawarethatmodernwarfarewasnotasgloriousastheythought.ActuallytheFirstandtheSecondWorldWarshadaffectedHemingwayalot,forhehadoncejoinedthearmyandhadinjuredinItaly,sohesufferedalotfromthewardeeply.Hewasdisappointedwiththeworldatthattimeandbecameverypessim